Relay race: technique, types and standards. Relay race: types, rules, distances Relay race rules with a stick

relay race technique

The relay race is very popular with spectators. In athletics, the following types of relay races are distinguished:

relay race held at the stadium. These include: 4x100 m, 4x400 m are classic views;

relay races for any distance and with any number of stages, as well as "Swedish" relay races, for example: 800 + 400 + 200 + 100 (or in reverse order);

relay races held outside the stadium, for example on city streets. They differ different length and the number of stages, participants (only men can run, or mixed, where both men and women run).

Rational technique, special training methodology, system for selecting athletes and psychological preparation- all these are the main criteria for creating a good relay team. The distance running technique in relay races does not differ from the running technique of the corresponding types. A feature of the relay race technique is the technique of passing the baton at high speed in accordance with the type of relay race.

The most important factors in the performance of the relay team are:

indicators individual results athletes at the respective distances;

reliability of baton transmission;

coordination of actions of team partners;

the integrity of a single team.

In accordance with the competition rules in the relay race, the baton must be passed in a corridor 20 m long. In the 4x100 m relay race, runners of II, III and IV stages are given an additional run-up from the beginning of the corridor within 10 m, which allows you to gain a higher speed to the place of transfer of the baton .

Taking into account the run-up and baton transfer zones, athletes run 110 m at stage I, 130 m at stage II, 130 m at stage III, and 120 m at stage IV. Therefore, when arranging team members in stages, it is necessary to take into account their individual characteristics.

In the 4 x 400 m relay and all other relay races, no additional run-up is given, and the participants must start from the 20-meter corridor. The running speed in these relay races is lower and therefore no extra run-up is given.

Relay race can be carried out: 1) without changing the baton; 2) with the relay baton. Usually, the first method is used in short relay races, where the transmission takes place at high speeds, the second method is used in all other relay races.
To ensure effective passing, it is important for runners to have a sense of space in order to accurately and timely start the starting run when receiving the baton (at the moment the transferring person crosses the control mark), as well as a sense of speed, so that when passing the baton to maintain the maximum available speed in the transfer zone, and when receiving stably and as quickly as possible to increase the running speed to the 15-meter mark of the transfer zone.

The criterion for the effectiveness of the baton passing technique is the time it has been in the corridor. For high-class sprinters, this figure averages 1.80-1.90 s for men and 2.05-2.15 s for women. Athletes reach the highest running speed at the 15-16th meter of the transfer zone. When not rational technique transfer of the baton, the loss of time at the stage averages 0.1-0.3 s.

Considerrelay race technique 4 x 100 m . At stage I, the runner starts from low start into a turn, as when starting at 200 m. The baton is held with three fingers right hand, and the index and thumb are straightened and rest on the track at the starting line. In order for the runner of stage I to run at the edge of the track, he must always hold the stick in his right hand, and pass to left hand to your partner. Distance running is carried out at maximum speed. The difficulty lies in passing the baton in a limited area at high speed.

Existtwo ways to pass the baton : bottom-up and top-down. In the first method, the runner receiving the baton takes his hand (opposite the hand of the passing runner) back a little to the side, thumb retracted to the side of the plane of the palm, four fingers are closed, the palm looks straight back. The passing runner inserts the baton in an upward motion between thumb and palm. Feeling the touch of the baton, the receiving runner grabs it by squeezing the hand.

In the second method, the hand is also retracted slightly to the side, but the plane of the palm looks up. The passing runner inserts the baton in an up-and-down motion, lowering it into the palm of his hand. When the stick comes into contact with the palm, the receiving runner grabs it by squeezing the brush.

When the passing runner reaches the benchmark, the receiving runner begins the starting run. Running into the transfer zone, both runners approach, the first catches up with the second, the passing runner in 2 running steps must give short command voice in order for the receiving runner to straighten and move his arm back to pass the baton. After the transfer is completed, the runner who has accepted the baton performs a quick run along his stage, and the runner who has passed the baton, gradually slowing down the run, stops, but does not go beyond the side boundaries of his track. Only after running through the transfer zone by other teams does he leave the track.

The Stage II runner carries the baton in his left hand and will pass to the Stage III runner in his right hand. At stage III, the runner runs along the turn as close to the curb as possible and passes the baton at stage IV from the right hand to the left hand. The transfer of the baton is carried out by the methods described above.

In the transfer zone, runners must run without interfering with each other, i.e. along the edges of the treadmill, depending on the passing hand. With a rational passing technique, the runner who receives the baton must run and receive the baton without looking back, while maintaining high speed. Usually, the runner who takes over the relay starts either from a high start or from a low start with support on one arm. At a high start, the runner turns his head slightly back to see the reference mark and the runner running up to it. When starting with support on one arm, the runner looks back over the shoulder of the non-supporting arm, or, with his head down, looks back under the non-supporting arm.

Very important element technique at the time of passing - running in the same rhythm, i.e. you have to run in step. It is also important to find the optimal “handicap” for starting a run, i.e., to start running at such a length of the “handicap” when the speeds of the transmitting and receiving coincide in the middle of the transfer zone.

In other types of relay races, but with a relay baton transmission speed less than the maximum, the same transmission methods are used, but the runner who has accepted the baton can shift it to a hand that is convenient for him when running at a distance. The lower the speed of the transmission, the worse the preparation of the athlete. The main task when passing the baton is to pass it as quickly as possible without wasting time on the transfer itself.

The distance between the runners at the time of the transfer is equal to the length of the hand of the runner taking the baton laid back, and the length of the runner's hand straightened forward, passing the baton. This distance may be slightly increased by leaning forward when passing the passing runner. Such a distance can only be maintained with a rational technique for passing the baton at an appropriate running speed. If the distance is reduced, then it is possible for the receiving runner to be overtaken by the transmitting one, and vice versa, if the distance between the runners increases, the transfer may not take place or will be performed outside the corridor.

List of used literature:

Zhilkin A.I. and etc. Athletics: Proc. allowance for students. higher ped. textbook institutions / A.I. Zhilkin, V.S. Kuzmin, E.V. Sidorchuk. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2003. - 464 p.

March 07, 2017 Views: 2661

SAINT PETERSBURG STATE BUDGET
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR ADDITIONAL EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN
CHILDREN AND YOUTH SPORTS SCHOOL
PETRODVORTSOVOY DISTRICT OF SAINT PETERSBURG "MANEZH"

methodological development on the topic:

"METHOD OF TEACHING RELAY RUNNING TECHNIQUE"

Methodological development developed
athletics coach
SPb GBOU DOD DYUSSH "Manege"
ODINOKOVA ANNA OLEGOVNA

Saint Petersburg
2017


	Introduction
	Methodology for teaching relay running technique
	Calculation of the distance to the control mark
	Sample Plan relay running technique training
	Bibliography

Introduction

Relay racing is a team sport athletics and has many varieties. Success in the relay depends on many factors, but one of the main ones is the ability to pass and receive the baton at high speed in a limited transfer zone.

Relay race- a program of competitions in certain sports, where the athlete performs only at his stage and hands over the baton in the transfer zone to a representative of his team.

The technique of distance running in relay races is no different from regular running straight and curved. It is advisable to start teaching the relay running technique after the technique of running on short distances, the ability to perform a high and low start at a turn has been worked out.

Training in the technique of relay running is carried out in a certain sequence, according to the tasks set.

Methodology for teaching relay running technique

Task 1. Familiarize yourself with the technique of relay race.

The creation of an idea of the technique of passing the baton begins with a story about the types of relay races, explaining and demonstrating the technique of passing the baton using the methods “from below” and “from above” in a 20-meter zone at high speed. Then it is necessary to explain the basic rules for conducting a relay race and the importance of accuracy, coherence of movements in passing the relay to achieve a high result.

Task 2. Teach the technique of passing the baton. Baton transfer training is carried out in pairs - first on the spot, then walking and running at low speed outside the transfer zone. For this purpose, those involved are built in two open lines at a distance of 1-2 m from each other, with ledges to the right or left, depending on which hand the baton is passed on. At the command of the teacher, the receivers in the first line take their straightened left (right) arm back, and the transmitters in the second line, with a short pause after the command, pass the stick (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Transfer of the baton in ranks on the spot

Then the students turn around and make the transmission, switching roles. When the transfer from the left hand to the right is being practiced (and such an exercise is necessary for the sprint relay race 4 × 100 m), those involved in the transfer line are shifted half a step to the right side.

After the students have mastered these movements, the transfer of the stick is carried out, imitating the work of the hands on the run: the receiver, at the command of the teacher, takes his hand away with a good fixation of the hand to receive the stick, and the transmitter with a pause, after the receiver is ready, puts the relay baton into it at the command (Fig. 2) .

Rice. 2. Passing the baton while running

At the beginning of all exercises, the teacher gives the command, later - passing the baton. At this stage of training, it is necessary to ensure that those who receive the baton do not turn their heads at the moment of passing the baton, control the position of the hand and the course of the transfer, do not run with their hand retracted, and those who pass the baton do not rush, pause, do not extend their hand with the baton to the command or simultaneously with it.

When these errors appear, you should point out them and explain how to correctly perform any element of the transmission technique.

Task 3. Teach the technique of starting at the stages of the relay race.

To master the start technique, it is necessary to teach students to take a start from a position with support on one hand on a straight line, then on a turn before entering a straight line and on a straight line when entering a turn (Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Starting positions of the runner receiving the baton

The starter puts his left foot forward and leans with his right hand on the track, the left hand is pulled up and back. Head down, the runner watches the passing partner approach the checkpoint.

It is necessary to ensure that the receiver runs along the outer line of the track in the 2nd and 4th stages and along the inside line in the 3rd leg.

When teaching a low start with a relay baton, it is advisable to repeat the technique of starting on a turn, and then proceed to mastering the motor action.

The starter holds the stick with his little finger and ring finger at the lower end. The hand must be placed at the starting line, leaning on the track with the thumb - on the one hand, with the index and middle fingers - on the other. After tearing off the hand from the track, the baton must be held with all fingers.

When those involved have mastered the technique of starting at the stages and running along the given paths, then you can proceed to learning the start with monitoring the partner and using the control mark.

For each pair of athletes, the control mark is selected individually, taking into account the speed that the transmitting person can have at the end of the distance, as well as the ability of the receiver to start quickly. This distance corresponds to 8-11m and is selected by repeated runs.

To determine the handicap value, you can use Table 4 (according to L.S. Khomenkov), which takes into account the results of athletes at 26 m from the start and 25 m from the run. An approximate plan for teaching the technique of relay running is shown in table 5.

Table 4
Calculation of the distance to the control mark (according to L. S. Khomenkov)

Time of the receiving runner at the starting 26 m (s)	Time of passing runner in last 25m (s)
Time of the receiving runner at the starting 26 m (s)

Table 5
Sample Relay Running Training Plan

Task	Means	Organizational and methodological event	Common Mistake	Cause	Correction

1. To familiarize each student with the features of running and create a correct idea of short-distance running technique	1. Repeated runs of segments with low and medium speed (60–100 m) 2. Explanation of the features of running technique, its demonstration	Identify the individual style of running over the distance and fix recurring shortcomings. Viewing film loops, film-grams, video films, photos, drawings	In test runs, a student may demonstrate an uncharacteristic manner of running	The desire to run better. Not enough runs	Determine the moment when the student demonstrates his running style
2. Teach the technique of running in a straight line	1. Explanation and demonstration of straight running technique	Shows the teacher or the most prepared student	Excessive tension, stiffness, lack of freedom of movement	Misconceptions about running technique Striving to run as fast as possible	Reduce running speed. Set up for a natural, fast run
	2. Repeat runs of segments 40–80 m at low speed	Familiarize yourself with the features of running each involved	Excessive torso	Head tilt forward	Raise your head and look ahead 10-15m
	3. Running with acceleration 40-60 m	Maintain freedom of movement. Put your foot on the track from the front of the foot	Torso back	Insufficiently active repulsion from the ground. The head is held high or thrown back. Feet turned out	Lower your head down. Look forward, not up
	4. Running with high knees, mincing running, running with throwing the lower leg back, running with jumping steps in segments of 30-40 m	Raise the thigh to a horizontal position. Do not lean the body back. Push off at an acute angle (forward)	Large lateral and vertical oscillations	Repulsion is directed not forward, but upward	Running along the treadmill line. Emphasis on forward hip movement
	5. Imitation of hand movement in place (as while running)	Perform movements freely over a large amplitude	Tension in the hands	Fingers tightly clenched into a fist	Control the position of the hands
3. Teach turning technique	1. Explanation and demonstration of the peculiarities of the turning technique	To draw the attention of those involved in the difference between running in a turn from running in a straight line, on the inclination of the torso	Instead of tilting the entire body, students tilt only the head to the left or bend at the waist	Misunderstanding of the essence of running along a turn	Point out a specific error
	2. Imitation of hand movement in place, as when running around a turn	The left hand moves back and forth, its elbow is pressed against the body, and the right hand moves more across the body with the elbow drawn to the right	Incorrect work of the hands (as when running in a straight line)	Misconception about the work of the hands on the turn	Imitation of hand movement in place
	3. Running on the turn of the treadmill (50-60 m) at various speeds, then running in a circle of various radius (20-10 m)	Perform on tracks with a large turning radius (5th-8th tracks)	On the turn, the runner exposes his left shoulder, not his chest, and turns him to the right	Insufficiently retracted to the right elbow of the right hand	Increase the abduction of the elbow of the right hand to the right when it moves to the right
	4. Running with acceleration in a straight line with access to the turn	Ensure smooth corner entry	On a turn, the runner is thrown to the right onto the next track	Insufficient torso tilt forward - to the left	Increase the tilt of the body to the left, strengthen the rear push of the right leg
	5. Running with acceleration on a turn with access to a straight line		Switch to free running after entering the straight	The foot is placed on the track from the heel, the muscles involved in repulsion are poorly developed
4. Teach the technique of low start and starting acceleration	1. A story about the main options for a low start and the arrangement of blocks	In the usual low start option, set the front shoe at a distance of 1.5 feet from the starting line, and the back shoe at a shin length from the front shoe	Insufficient support of the sole of the foot in the back shoe	Pads only touch the toe	Rearrange knee Change pad angle
	2. Self-installation of starting blocks by those involved	The support platform of the front block should have an inclination angle of 40-50 °, and the rear - 60-80°. The distance between the axes of the pads 18-20 cm	Wide stance of arms and flexion at the elbows	Misunderstanding about starting technique	Straighten your arms, stretch forward parallel to each other
	3. Execution of the commands "Start!", "Attention!"	Keep your head straight in relation to your body. At the command "Attention!" gently raise the pelvis slightly above shoulder level, slightly straighten the legs, rationally distribute body weight on the legs and arms	Too much back arch	Head thrown back	Lower your head down, look at 1 m ahead
	4. Do it yourself engaged in the commands “To the start!”, Then “Attention!”, and conduct the start of the run without a signal	Make sure that those involved run out, and not jump out from the start	Trail too deep, projection of shoulders far from starting line	The runner sits with his torso leaning back too much	work out correct position in front of the mirror
	5. The start of running on a signal given at different intervals after the command "Attention!"	Avoid false starts. Smoothly straighten the body	The pelvis is raised very high, the legs are almost straightened	Misconceptions about low start technique	Lower the pelvis, bend your legs, work out the position in front of the mirror
	6. Demonstration and explanation of setting the starting blocks on the bend	Starting blocks are located at the outer edge of the track	Runner leans too heavily on arms, shoulders pushed forward	The center of gravity of the body is far forward	Raise the pelvis, take the shoulders back to the projection
	7. Execution of the commands "Start!", "Attention!" and running out from a low start on a turn independently and on command	Starting accelerations should be performed with an exit to the curb in a straight line, with the subsequent inclination of the torso to the center of the turn	Both hands are pulled back at the same time. Rapid straightening of the body during the first steps of acceleration	A strong push with hands from the track A sharp rise of the head up, fear of falling	Perform short and quick hand movements. Running out from the start with limiting the lifting of the body with a rail held by the teacher
	1. Explanation of the meaning and demonstration of the finishing technique	Familiarize yourself with the basic methods of finishing the chest and shoulder	Jump to the finish line	Misunderstanding about finishing technique	Run at full speed through the finish line without any special throws or jumps, keeping your body tilted
	2. Tilt the body forward with the abduction of the arms back while walking with slow and fast running	Premature torso	Whipping the lower leg forward, tilting the body back	Premature end of the run	Same
	3. Tilt forward on the ribbon with the turn of the shoulders while walking with slow and fast running	At the last step, while tilting, turn the torso to the right or left	Shot selection	Early finish	Same
	4. Finishing at maximum speed in any way	Actively run the finish line	Excessive torso tilt and fall	Loss of balance	Same
6. Teach running technique, taking into account the individual characteristics of those involved	1. Use of all special exercises above to correct individual errors	Be creative in their application in accordance with physical fitness, monitor the preservation of the frequency and length of running steps and freedom of movement	Excessive tension, tightness	The speed of running is inadequate to the technique of performing movements	Reduce the speed of running segments

As you master the movements and their correct execution, you should gradually increase the running speed to the maximum.

Task 4. To teach the technique of passing the baton at maximum speed in a 20-meter zone.

The main means for solving this problem will be multiple runs in the zone, passing the baton at a gradually increasing speed.

The distance to the control mark is specified during these runs, the transfer is carried out both on a straight line and at the entrance and exit from the turn. The relay is passed in the second half of the transfer zone at maximum speed in compliance with the rules of the competition.

In other types of relay races, the transfer of the baton is easier, as the running speed of the participants is lower. The receiver of the baton must measure the speed of his run with the speed of his partner in the last 10 m of the distance, the beginning of the acceptance of the baton depends on this. If the speed of the transmitter is low and continues to decrease, then it is advisable to take the baton at the beginning of the transfer zone, and if the transmitter maintains the optimal running speed, then the reception is made in the second half of the transfer zone.

Task 5. Teaching the technique of relay running in general and its improvement.

Coordination when passing the baton at maximum speed plays a decisive role in achieving a high result of the relay team.

With an excellent technique for passing the baton, the final result can be 2.5-3 seconds higher than the sum of the best results of all team members in the 100 m run. 100 m, the following features must be taken into account: in the first and fourth stages, the runners run 110 m, and in the second and third stages, the runners run 120 m.

Therefore, the first stage should be a runner who has a good command of the technique of a low start and knows how to quickly run around a turn.

In the second stage, a runner must stand with high level special endurance and good technique for receiving and passing the baton.

The participant of the third stage, in addition to these qualities, must run well around the turn.

At the fourth stage, it is desirable to put a runner fast, emotional and having best result in the 100m run.

When improving the technique of relay running, it is important to frequently run the entire distance of the relay with maximum intensity, since only with this holistic action is the familiarity of movements and the accurate calculation of control marks achieved.

Bibliography

1. Arakelyan E.E., Manzhuev S.Kh., Brazhnik I.I. Use of the simulator "light suspension" in the training system for sprinters highly qualified: Method recom. for listen. higher school trainers. - M.: GTSOLIFK, 1989, 19 p.

2. Kalinsky M.I., Kursky M.D., Osipenko A.A. Biochemical mechanisms of adaptation in muscle activity. - K .: Vishcha school, 1986, 23 p.

3. Levchenko A.V. Special strength training of short-distance runners in the annual cycle: Abstract of the thesis. dis...cand.

4. Athletics: Textbook. for in-t nat. cult. / ed. N.G. Ozolina, V.I. Voronkina, Yu.N. Primakov. - Ed. 4th, revised. and additional - M.: FiS, 1989, 671 p.

5. Panin L.E. Biomechanical mechanisms of stress. - Novosibirsk: Science, - 1983, 233 p.

6. Seluyanov V.N. With. et al. Theory and practice of didactics of developing education in physical education. - M.: FiS, 1996, 105 p.

7. Seluyanov V.N., Turaev V.T. The contribution of slow muscle fibers in the power developed in sprinting. // Theor. and pract. physical cult., 1995, No. 4, p. 43-45.

8. Filin V.P. Theory and methodology of youth sports: Ucheb.pos. for in-comrade and tech. physical cult. - M.: FiS, 1987, 128 p.

Relay race concept. Relay racing is one of the types of athletics running, in which not one athlete takes part, but a team of runners. The final result of the competition depends on the coherence and preparation of the team. The main task of the runners is to run through their stage as quickly as possible and pass the baton to a member of their team. The winner will be the team that runs the fastest and carries the wand from the start to the finish of the competition. Sometimes a relay ribbon is used instead of a stick.

Relay racing was first considered as a type of athletics competition in the early 19th century. It was included in the program of the 4th Olympic Games. Today, relay race competitions are held as in Olympic Games, and in schools, sports facilities, on street roads and treadmills of stadiums.

Types of relay race:

Official relay races for women and men: 4x100, 4x200, 4x400, 4x800m;
Official relay race for men - 4 x 1500 m;
Olympic relay races for women and men: 4x100m and 4x400m;
"Swedish relay" - 800/400/200/100 m or 100/200/400/800 m;
Amateur, school relay races - the distance of the stages is chosen by the organizers independently.

In relay races for short distances, teams run each in their own lane. At the 1st stage and up to the 1st turn of the 2nd stage of the 4 by 400 m relay, the participants each run along their own lanes, and then along the common path. At the stadiums, the relay race is carried out in a circle of treadmills. Street relay races have stages of different lengths. Such relay races are mostly mixed, that is, participants different ages and sexes. There are relay races where the start is in different places, and the runners finish at one point. Schools usually hold oncoming relay races.

The main task of the runners is to correctly pass the baton at high speed. Sticks can be wooden or metal. Their length reaches 30 cm. In relay races for short distances, they may not use a stick. Runners of the 1st stage start running from a low start, holding a stick in their right hand. Then they pass from their right hand in the 20m zone to the next runner in their left hand, and so on. There are several ways to transfer the stick: with and without a change of hand. The receiver may transfer the wand from one hand to the other, or may not shift it, and pass it to the next with the same hand that took it. If the runner dropped the stick, then he must pick it up with the same hand in which it was before the fall. The baton is passed strictly in a dedicated area - from 10 m before the end of the 1st stage to 10 m at the beginning of the 2nd stage. Failure to follow the rules will result in the disqualification of the entire team.

Relay racing is an integral part of athletics competitions. It improves not only physical education but also develops discipline and the ability to work together.

The word "relay race" is translated from French as "courier, messenger" and means an association of team sports, where participants in a chain, passing through certain stages, pass the baton to each other. The task of the team is to come to the finish line.

The basis of this type of running, is the correct transfer of the stick, without obstructing the passage of the distance to the opponents. Its supply is carried out within the corridor, a certain straight line, which has restrictions in width and length. It is strictly forbidden to use any devices or substances that contribute to sticking sticks to the hand.

Teaching technique

The technique of training this sport is no different from running in a straight line or in a circle..

runner start

Start- this is the starting point of the distance from which the athlete starts the movement. The difference between a regular distance run and a relay race is only the presence of a special stick in the hand. There are two types of start: low and high.

A low start is used in order to gain the most top speed. This position was borrowed from the kangaroo, since when the command “to start” or a shot is fired, the athlete, compressing the body like a spring, abruptly rushes forward. At the same time, he relies on special equipment - starting blocks, which are installed at the very beginning of the distance and are used to support the legs at the moment of repulsion.

The start is divided into three consecutive steps:

The difference between a low start and a high start is in the distinctive features of the position:

With the command “to the start”, one foot is placed with the toe to the start line, and the other is taken back to the “on the toe” position, while the arms are lowered.
The “attention” command means such manipulations: the body leans forward, one hand is brought forward, the other back. The legs are slightly bent.
At the command "march" they begin to run.

E a stafe stick is a metal or wooden cylinder, 30 cm long and 4 cm in diameter. The wand is passed only from hand to hand, it is not allowed to throw it. In case of accidental dropping of the wand, the transmitting one picks it up. If the stick is carried without violations from start to finish, then the distance is considered passed.

Transfer zone

For the transfer of the baton, a transfer zone of 20 m is established. That is, it is divided into 10 m from the beginning of one stage, and 10 m before the next. The athlete taking the baton has the right to run up to 10 m before this zone, which allows him to develop the highest speed results.

Most common mistake in the passage of the relay is a deviation from the framework of the corridor, that is, the designation of the distance, which has a limitation in width (4 m) and in length (100 m).

Stick reception and finishing

In the methods of passing the baton, as a rule, two methods are used: “from above” and “from below”.

But the top-down transfer is more risky due to the possibility of losing inventory. There is also a transfer from the left hand to the right. Which has a number of advantages.

Since at the moment of delivery the speed of the receiver is much lower than the speed of the transmitter, the receiver scatters 10 m before the point of contact, which allows you to observe the overall team pace. This method is most common among sprinters. Also used is the method with shifting the stick, that is, replacing the left hand with the right, and the method without shifting, which is most often used.

Finishing a relay race is no different from sprinting. The speed at the end of the distance is quite difficult to maintain, it usually decreases by 4-7%. There are several types:

normal running;
a jerk of the chest forward;
side finish.

In the normal run of the finish line, the time of overcoming the leg of the finish line is taken into account, that is, an imaginary vertical wall. Also, in some situations, the athlete overcomes the finish line by protruding the chest, which allows you to touch the finish line earlier.

Another type of running ending is breaking the ribbon by touching the shoulder. This method is mainly used when finding opponents on the same level, which allows you to win earlier.

Tactics

Tactics during the relay race is that the strongest athletes are placed at the beginning and at the end of the race, as those running in the middle of the relay get tired and gradually their speed decreases.

Also, some nuances are taken into account here, for example, which sprinter is better at starting and finishing sections of the distance, and which one shows the maximum result in turns and when passing the baton.

Attention: To improve the performance of running at a distance, it is important to be able to properly warm up and breathe.

There are three types of running tactics:

fast finish;
"Jagged" run or fartlek;
leading.

Sprinters who can accelerate before the finish line have one task in the race - to keep up with the group of leaders.

The meaning of the "torn" run is that the opponent simply "exhausted" and began to lag behind the group. Running consists of accelerating with alternating rest and a sharp increase in speed before the finish.

With the tactics of leading, the athlete immediately takes a position in front of the group. Usually, team members who do not have endurance, but who can develop high speed, are chosen for this tactic.

Useful video

Relay 4 × 400 m Girls

Improvement

The technique for improving relay running technique is only speed training. On the eve of the competition, running classes are held along the entire distance. When dividing the stages, literacy in the distribution of athletes is important.

So, for example, at the beginning of the race, sprinters are placed who have a quick start, and also do not slow down on turns and bends, in the middle - runners who can pass the baton well and have endurance, and at the end, respectively, an athlete with a quick finish technique is placed . Mastered techniques, coupled with training, can bring excellent results for the whole team..

Relay race is considered one of the most spectacular. This type of competition is designed to unite the team and raise their sports spirit, while greatly increasing the level of adrenaline of the runners. This is how you can describe running with a baton.

What is a relay race

Everyone who at least once managed to run a relay race, for example, on physical education classes at school or even at important competitions, there will be remember the emotions all life. However, the emotional component in such races can do harm, so everyone needs to know the relay race methodology, as well as its technique. There are the following types of relay race:

Traditional. This type of relay race includes distances of 4 × 100 meters and 4 × 400 meters. They can be found at any official competitive tournaments. In addition, in amateur competitions or just small races, for example, at school, the distance can be significantly shortened, while setting completely different distances.
Swedish. Another method, which is usually carried out on stadium tracks, is the Swedish type of relay. The meaning of such a relay race is that you need to go through distances with different distances. Most often this distance decreases.
Street. Today, so-called street relay races are increasingly being held. As a rule, they are held in conjunction with some important dates or names, holidays. What will be the stages or their distance should be taken into account by the organizers themselves, according to their idea and, of course, the calculation of the length of the city streets themselves.

How to run relay

The whole focus of attention is focused directly on the baton itself.

In relay races, the athlete needs to pass it to the athlete from his team, who will run the next stage of the race. If the baton is lost by the transmitter, he must definitely pick it up while not leaving the track.

Wand Transfer Zone relay is 20 meters. It is limited by special white lines that run from the transverse side of the tracks. The runner who accepts the baton has the right to start accelerating ten meters after this zone. During the 4×100 relay, which is equal to one lap in the stadium, athletes need to run exclusively within their lanes.

With a distance of 4 × 400, athletes need to run only the first round, and then in the second stage of the relay race. In this case, you cannot switch to other tracks. If such a violation is detected, the team may be completely disqualified.

In addition, by passing the baton, runners cannot provide any assistance or support to other athletes on their team. The athlete who finished running at his stage, is obliged not to leave his path until others are free.

The transfer of the baton is carried out by taking it from the hands of one athlete to the hands of another. It is important that the team that has completed its distance will be considered the one that managed to carry the baton from the very beginning of the race to its finish, while excluding any violations of the rules of this competition.

Relay technique rules

The study of relay running technique should begin with the most elementary rules, such as correct transfer of the stick, to another relay runner. Variations on this key action include various examples: if the athlete changes the baton to the hand in which he is more comfortable, or if the baton remains in the hand in which it was originally received. The latter option is most common in relay races, where athletes develop enough, and unnecessary manipulation of the hands can affect the decrease in pace and lead to the defeat of the entire team.

Transferring the wand

In order to ensure that the transfer does not go beyond a certain track, the athlete needs to calculate with the utmost accuracy those marks at which the start of the race took place. It will take several intensive classes. The presence of the reference mark serves as a guide for the second runner when he sees the first one approaching it.

When the athletes reach the middle, they need to be at arm's length to make the pass. When will it be announced voice signal transmitting, the one who receives the stick should put the palm back so that it looks at the floor, and the thumb should be in contact with the thigh. So the transmitter will independently shift the wand into the hand of his partner.

Overcoming the corridor must be carried out with the same level of speed of both athletes, in otherwise, someone will overtake the other, making it difficult to pass the baton. Also, the receiving athlete can run away from a partner, being beyond the restrictive line.

Qualities of athletes

At the same time, it remains for the coach important aspect– selection of good team members. In order to be sure of the victory of your team, you need to take into account certain qualities that team members must have.