Respiratory gymnastics in kindergarten is the best way to prevent and improve the health of children. The card file of this gymnastics personifies a variety of exercises that children really like.

The most the main objective persecuted by supporters breathing exercises- This general strengthening and improvement of the child's body.

enrich the body with oxygen;
are a great method for helping a child to control their breathing;
improve the performance of all internal organs;
allow the child to become more calm and avoid stressful situations;
have a preventive focus, making it possible to make the baby's immunity more resistant to various colds.

Indications and rules for conducting classes

Respiratory gymnastics in kindergarten, a card file of various methods for different ages is a mandatory requirement for preschool workers. Venue - any; it is very useful to carry out the complex on the street, but if the weather conditions do not allow, the complexes are held in a group with a teacher, or on music lessons.

There are contraindications for some exercises. There are not many of them, but the educator needs to consult with the parents of the children about whether they have chronic diseases.

The exercise schedule ranges from 10 minutes to half an hour. Complexes should be performed only an hour after eating.
A variety of toys and other demonstration materials should be used in these activities. This will increase children's motivation and interest in exercise.
Using standard sets of exercises, you can modify them by adding something of your own and making them original.
When weather conditions permit, it is imperative to perform the complex outdoors. If gymnastics takes place indoors, its temperature should not exceed 20 degrees.
To achieve the best result, it is necessary to familiarize the parents of the children with the exercises so that they can regularly practice at home.

Respiratory exercises for preschoolers

In preschool institutions great attention is given to breathing exercises. In the arsenal of each teacher there is a card index containing a variety of sets of exercises.

For example:

"Inflate the cheeks"

The child inhales air through the nose, then exhales through the mouth. In this case, it is necessary to puff out the cheeks. The leader needs to monitor the stream of exhaled air, it should not be noisy and harsh, on the contrary, it should be calm and smooth.

"Pump"

Keeping hands on the belt, the child needs to perform squats, small in amplitude. At this time, inhalation occurs. When the child rises, there is an exhalation. Repeat 4 times. To train a longer exhalation, after a while, you should increase the depth of the squats.

"Govorok"

The child is sitting, the body is not tense, the hands are below. The child imitates the sounds that the teacher asks to show.

For example:

How does the train go?
Show me how the car hums?
Do you know with what sound the dough rises?
Remember how the owl speaks?

After the questions, you need to work on a long exhalation, this can be done by chanting different vowels. First, an adult shows the exercise, then does it with the baby, and when the child is confident in following all the instructions, he can sing the vowels on his own.

Work on the respiratory system

At the time of the technique, the children lie calmly and relaxed on the mats, nothing should distract their attention.

An adult asks to "listen" to the breath, and gives commands:

By answering these questions, children learn to analyze their breathing, to listen to their body.

"Hedgehog"

The exercise is performed using a play situation. The guys fantasize that they are little hedgehogs looking at a clearing in the forest. They look to the right - they inhale in surprise, as if seeing an owl.
Then exhale through the mouth. Looking to the left - they see a bunny or mushrooms, and rather "sniff" with their noses. Children repeat to a suitable musical accompaniment this exercise up to 8 times.

Gymnastics according to A.N. Strelnikova for children from 4 years old

Alexandra Nikolaevna Strelnikova - teacher-vocalist. When she fell seriously ill, she had a choking attack, and acting gymnastics helped her. All her technique is based on this gymnastics. Subsequently, the teacher began to help people to strengthen their bodies, and to help patients recover from various ailments.

In preschool educational institutions, Strelnikova's breathing exercises have become widespread, the card index of her exercises contains a variety of techniques and techniques that allow children to fight colds, and perfectly strengthen their immunity.

The complex should be performed, observing several rules:

The most important aspect of gymnastics is inhalation through the nose (it is noisy and sharp).
It is necessary to exhale through the mouth, calmly and smoothly.
Each particular movement is accompanied by an inhalation.
A definite, clear rhythm corresponds to the performance of each exercise. It is comparable to a marching march.

Exercise "Palms" or "Cams"

This exercise is a warm-up exercise.

The child is in the most comfortable position for him.
The child bends his elbows, palms facing forward.
At the command of the leader, the child breathes in, and at the same time clenches his hands into fists.
This is followed by a short pause (about 5 seconds), then repeating all actions several times.

If dizziness occurs, you should relax, sit down, and increase the pause time.

"Chasers" or "Rider"

The child's hands are clenched in fists and are in the middle of the abdomen. It should be noted that the rest of the body should not be tense (especially the shoulders). With a rapid inhalation, the child sharply pushes his fully extended arms to the floor. After the child returns to the starting position. 8 times is the recommended amount to complete.

"Pump" or "Pump"

The exercise is performed while standing. Legs slightly apart. At the command of the head, the child makes a slight tilt, and in the second half of it he inhales sharply through the nose. The inhalation ends with the bend. After that, the child needs to rise slightly, and again perform the tilt movement.

Do not forget that each exercise is performed in rhythm. marching step... The leader needs to monitor the rounded back of the wards, as well as the level of inclination - it should not be too low. This exercise should be performed 12 times.

"Hug your shoulders" or "Hug yourself"

During this exercise, the child hugs himself. bent arms... Raising them to shoulder level, he inhales sharply, and grabs himself. 12 times is the recommended amount for the exercise.

The leader needs to find out if there are children with heart disease and coronary heart disease. The exercise should not be performed with such a disease.

"Kitty"

In a standing position, the child begins to perform dance squats. Turning to the right is accompanied by a short breath, and at this moment the hands make grasping movements. Similarly, there is a turn in left side.

Repeat 12 times. The leader pays attention to light, springy squats, and relaxed, voluntary exhalation. During squats, the feet do not need to be torn off the floor, all actions are performed with a straight back.

Head Turns

The content of this exercise includes head turns. The neck at this moment is relaxed, every turn is accompanied by an inhalation.
Repetition of the exercise - 12 times.

Gymnastics according to K.P.Buteyko for children 2-7 years old

Respiratory gymnastics of Buteyko is aimed at reducing carbon dioxide in the blood by means of superficial inhalation. This complex has a beneficial effect on the entire body, it is especially indicated for children with bronchial asthma.

The main goal of the complex is to relax the diaphragm. This is due to a decrease in the depth of inspiration and an increase in the pause after expiration.

Exercise "Watch"

The child is in a standing position, legs slightly apart. The leader invites him to imagine that he is a little watch. You can ask how they "speak?", The child will answer: "Tick-tock"

After that, swings with straight arms are added to the words, along with the pronunciation of an imitation of a clock.

"Trumpeter"

Starting position- sitting, the back is straight, but not tense.
The child's arms are bent into a tube, raised to the level of the mouth. Exhaling slowly, the child says "pf". Repeat the exercise 4-5 times.

"The little train"

A fun exercise that is of great interest to children. The teacher invites them to imagine that they are a big train.
The children line up and walk in a circle, saying "chukh-chukh." Time to complete this exercise: 20-30 seconds.

"Rooster"

The child stands calmly, straight. The leader invites him to dream up and imagine that he is a cockerel. All children are happy to show with their voices how the roosters crow.

After that, the leader needs to demonstrate the exercise itself - you need to pronounce "kukareku!", Clapping both hands on the hips for each syllable. Then the child raises his hands to the sides and, slapping them on the hips, says: "Ku-ka-re-ku." Repeat the exercise 5-6 times.

"On the horizontal bar"

The exercise is performed using a gymnastic stick. The child is in a standing position, holding it in front of him.
With a breath, the child rises on his toes, and at this time his hands raise the stick up. Exhalation occurs with the lowering of the stick, and the pronunciation of the sound "F".

"Dwarfs and Giants"

Children go in a circle, following the instructions given by the teacher. He invites them to show them the dwarfs - squatting, and walking on their haunches, and then giants - the children stretch out and walk on tiptoes. Breathing is calm, not confused. For greater involvement in the game process, the leader should choose appropriate lines of the poem and musical accompaniment.

Such an exercise is included in the hardening complex, therefore, it must be performed without socks and shoes, and in a T-shirt and shorts.

Hatha yoga gymnastics for children from 5 years old

To introduce children to healthy way life, many teachers use this modern technique like hatha yoga. Its implementation allows to improve the physical and mental ability of children, to foster a culture of health in them.

Respiratory gymnastics, which has an extensive card index, together with a rational regimen, proper nutrition and hardening in kindergarten, gives excellent results.

More specifically:

The number of children suffering from acute respiratory infections and influenza is decreasing.
In children, there is an increase in vitality.
Improves memory and physical development.
Children cope better with the assimilation of the program.
Communication skills and endurance increase.

Exercise "Snake"

Children sit comfortably. The right hand squeezes the left nostril, and inhalation occurs through the right. Then the right nostril is clamped, and exhalation occurs through the left. The caregiver needs to use various techniques imitations: breeze blowing, hurricane, balloon inflation.

"Divers"

The teacher uses a play situation: children imagine that they are brave divers who dive in search of sunken ships. Find the right pictures, video clips, and entertaining stories. This exercise teaches children to hold their breath. It must be repeated several times.

"Ball"

Starting position - lying down. The teacher asks the children to focus on breathing, and take a deep breath, inflating their chest, "like a ball."

Exercise helps children get used to breathing from the diaphragm.

"Wind"

The teacher asks the children to imagine that a warm, summer breeze has flown through their window. Children breathe in deeply through their noses and exhale with a "U" sound. Then the teacher says that a cold wind has blown, the children breathe in through their noses, and as they exhale, they close their teeth tightly and say "Aaa".

Games and exercises for breathing in verse

In the kindergarten, exercises from the card index of breathing exercises in verse are actively used.

Respiratory gymnastics in kindergarten. Card file of exercises in verse

During the implementation of such a technique, it is important for the manager to observe:

For the inhalation of children - it is carried out through the nose.
For complete relaxation of the shoulders.
As you exhale, it is moderate and relaxed.
Behind the cheeks - they should not puff up.
Per general condition child - if dizziness occurs, exercise should be stopped.

Exercise "Football"

To complete the exercise, you need small ball and a gate (can be made from a constructor). The child's task is to "score" a goal into the goal. The tongue at this moment should be on the lower lip.

Before the exercise, the child recites the lines of the poem:

"My funny ringing ball»(During the first acquaintance with the exercise, the leader pronounces the lines);
"Where have you set off to gallop?" (then the exercise is performed directly, and after it it is necessary to read 2 more lines);
“I’m keeping up with you” (when the children do the exercise together, you can offer to read the lines to one child while the other completes the task);
"And I'm hammering into the goal" (repeat the poem several times).

"Magician"

The exercise develops a strong, directed exhalation. The lateral edges of the child's tongue are pressed against the upper lip (a gap is obtained in the middle). There is a small piece of cotton wool at the tip of the nose.

The child reads a line of the poem:

“I want to become a skillful magician,” and at this moment he blows sharply, trying to drop a piece of cotton wool.
"In a magical way, I will lift a cotton swab into the air!" - after reading the phrase, the child repeats the exercise again.

"Snowman"

The exercise is performed on a table with cotton balls on it. The leader invites the child to "blind" the snowman in an unusual way, namely by breathing.

In the first lesson, the leader himself reads the lines of the poem, and then the child himself tells them.

“I love to play with snow” - the child takes a breath, rolls the balls on the table.
"And snowballs to roll" - after these lines a short pause.
"I blind the perky snowman" - the child again blows on the pieces of cotton wool.
"And I will give you (or the teacher's name) for your patience" - the child takes the balls with his hands and "collects" the snowman.

"Adjuster"

The child stands upright, the teacher recites a line of the poem:

“He will show us the right way” - the child inhales through the nose, raising his right hand up, and his left hand to the side.
"Turns will show everything" - exhales with the sound "R", now the left one is at the top, and the right one is to the side. The child pronounces the sound "F" and at this time exhales.

The card index of breathing exercises is quite wide. You can do the exercises both in kindergarten and at home. They can be modified and supplemented depending on the age and capabilities of the children.

Performing this breathing exercises will provide excellent prevention of diseases in children, as well as raise their vitality, improve the work of many internal organs, and allow them to rally with each other.

Respiratory gymnastics video

Respiratory gymnastics according to Strelnikova in kindergarten:

The speech therapist will show you several breathing exercises for children:

Respiratory gymnastics in kindergarten

IN recent times there is an increase in the number of children with various developmental disorders, learning difficulties, difficulties in adaptation. Such children are disinhibited, often aggressive for no reason, unable to switch quickly, perceive themselves and others negatively, are not able to independently suppress negative emotions, control their soul and body. To overcome their existing disorders, prevent the development of pathological conditions, strengthen physical and mental health, it is necessary to carry out complex corrective work, one of the most important components is the system of breathing exercises, breathing exercises. A person can do without food for some time, without water, but without air he cannot live even ten minutes.

So, it is believed that proper breathing relieves a person from many diseases and prevents them from occurring. It improves digestion because before food can be digested and absorbed, it must absorb oxygen from the blood and oxidize. Proper breathing stimulates the heart, brain and nervous system... The ability to control breathing allows you to control yourself. A slow exhalation helps to relax, calm down, and cope with anxiety and irritability. This is very important for young children, since most of them are hyperactive, easily excitable children.

In addition, most of them have enlarged adenoids, chronic runny nose, which leads to the habit of constantly breathing through the mouth.

Yogis note that breathing through the mouth is as unnatural as taking food through the nose. They argue that children who breathe through the mouth are lagging behind in mental development.

The habit of breathing through the mouth is harmful, leads to diseases of the thyroid gland, tonsils (tonsils), respiratory system... Nasal breathing protects the throat and lungs from cold air and dust, ventilates the lungs well, the middle ear cavity, and has a beneficial effect on the blood vessels of the brain. In addition, such gymnastics significantly increases the strength of the protective mechanisms that protect the brain from insufficient blood supply. Slowing down and holding the breath, accompanied by a decrease in the oxygen content and an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood, sets in motion the corresponding mechanisms, including reflex vasodilation and an increase in cerebral blood flow. Of course, the breathing process affects the brain. It is especially important for children to learn how to lengthen the exhalation. It helps to improve the breathing process, cleanse the respiratory organs and ensure proper inhalation. In addition, with a smooth, calm, lengthened exhalation, the vessels expand and are well filled with blood.

Our speech is carried out thanks to clear and correct work all organs involved in the speech act. Breathing is an important part of speech. Respiratory organs include: chest, lungs and respiratory tract (external nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi). The breathing apparatus provides gas exchange between the inhaled air and blood, as well as purification of dust particles, humidification and warming of the inhaled air.

Physiological, or vital, breathing consists of inhalation and exhalation, which replace each other. It is designed to maintain life in the body through gas exchange.

Speech breathing is designed to participate in the creation of vocal sound on a uniform exhalation. It differs from life in that it is a controlled process. In speech, inhale is short and exhale is long. Therefore, the amount of air exhaled depends on the length of the phrase. Speech breathing is considered incorrect if breathing is rapid, exhalation is shortened, too much inhalation or air intake is noticeable to others. The most correct, appropriate and comfortable for speech is diaphragmatic-costal breathing.

Regular breathing exercises contributes to the education of correct speech breathing with an extended gradual inhalation, the prevention of respiratory diseases.

Diseases such as rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, adenoiditis, nasal polyps are often the cause of sound production in children, impede the process of correct speech breathing, change the intonation of the voice, cause changes in the structure of the organs of articulation.

Correct nasal breathing promotes training of the respiratory muscles, improves local and cerebral blood circulation, prevents the proliferation of adenoids, and protects against hypothermia.

In preschool, special attention should be paid to breathing exercises.

Correct speech breathing is the basis for normal sound pronunciation, speech in general.

Some sounds require an energetic strong exhalation, a strong air jet.

During the lessons, we try to comply with the following requirements:

- do exercises every day for 3 - 6 minutes, depending on the age of the children;

- carry out exercises in well-ventilated rooms or with an open window;

- engage in before meals;

- practice in loose clothing that does not restrict movement;

- dose the amount and pace of exercise;

- inhale air through the mouth and nose, exhale through the mouth;

- inhale easily and shortly, and exhale for a long time and economically;

- in the process of speech breathing, do not strain the muscles in the neck, arms, abdomen, chest; shoulders not

raise with inhalation and lower with exhalation;

- after exhalation, before a new inhalation, make a stop for 2 - 3 seconds.

GAME EXERCISES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SPEECH BREATHING

(for younger children preschool age)

"Porridge is boiling"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Children sit on the floor, put one hand on their stomach, the other on their chest. Pulling in the stomach, inhale, and pushing it out, exhale, while uttering the sound: "pf-f-f-f".

Repeat 3-4 times.

« Balloon»

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Lying on your back, legs are freely extended, eyes are closed, palms are on the stomach.

1. Slow inhalation - only the stomach rises.

2. Slow exhalation - the stomach goes down.

Repeat 3-4 times.

"Komarik"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Standing, the body is relaxed, the eyes are closed, the palm of one hand is on the front of the neck. A breath is taken through the nose. On exhalation, the sound "zzz" is pronounced for an extremely long time, quietly.

Repeat 3-4 times.

"A lion"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Standing, depict the roar of a lion. Inhale, hold your breath, while exhaling, pronounce the sound "rrr".

"Pump"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

On inhalation, slowly raise your hands up through the sides, on exhalation, just as slowly lower them saying "s-s-s"

"Bee"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Inhalation is done slowly through the nose. As they exhale, children continuously pronounce the sound "f - f - f" and lightly wave their fingers.

"Airplane"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Take a deep breath, without raising your shoulders, as you exhale, pronounce the sound "u - u - u" for a long time

"Hours"

Standing. Spread your legs slightly, lower your arms. Waving straight arms back and forth, pronounce as you exhale

"Tick - tock"

"Animal"

Standing with hands down. Bare upper arms making a grin. Make sharp, short breaths through the nose, hold your breath, and exhale for a long time. Repeat 3 - 5 times.

"Breeze"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Standing, legs slightly apart, hands lower. On inhalation, gently raise your arms up. Exhaling, lower your arms and say: "f"

"Flower"

(according to B. Tolkachev's method)

Sitting in Turkish, closing your eyes, take a calm breath through your nose, hold your breath. On a long exhale, say "a - a - ah"

"The balloon rises up"

Sit down in Turkish style, with one hand between the collarbones.

1. Calm inhalation with slow lifting of the shoulders.

2.Exhale calmly, shoulders droop

Repeat 3 times.

« Sail"

I.P. - the main stand. At the expense of "time" - inhale; at the expense of "two, three, four" - a long exhalation with the words: "the wind blows the sail"

"North is a breeze"

While walking around the hall, children pronounce the call: on inhalation - "se-ve-rock", on exhalation - "ve-te-rock", raising and lowering their hands. Repeat 3-4 times.

"Frog"

1. Deep breath through the nose - hold your breath. Exhale quickly through the mouth with the word "kva".

2. A quick breath through the nose - hold your breath. Slow exhalation with the mouth "kva - a - a"

3. Place your palms on the lower abdomen and exhale vigorously in the words "kva - kva - kva", drawing in the stomach.

Respiratory gymnastics "At sea"

1 . "Big Sea" - I. p. - o.s. (3-4 times)

inhale, arms to the sides, rise on your toes.

exhale, return to I. p.

2 . "Seagulls catch fish" - I. p. - legs apart. (3-4 times)

inhale, tilt forward, arms to the sides.

exhale, return to I. p.

3 . "Dolphins swim" - I.p. - o.s. (3-4 times)

inhale.

exhale, bend over, touch the left knee with the right elbow.

inhale. Return to i.p.

exhale, tilt to the right knee.

"Hug yourself"

Standing, legs are shoulder-width apart, arms to the sides at shoulder level, hands are turned forward, fingers are spread.

1. Take a deep breath.

2. Lightning fast cross your arms in front of your chest so that the brushes whip on the shoulder blades.

3. Smoothly and slowly return to the IP, taking a deep, slow breath.

Blow out the stubborn candle- hold colored strips of paper in your right hand; put your left palm on your stomach; inhale with your mouth, inflate your stomach; then exhale for a long time, "extinguish the candle."

"Locomotive"- walk around the room, imitating the movements of a steam locomotive stake with bent arms, while pronouncing "chukh-chukh" and changing the speed of movement, volume and frequency of pronunciation.

"Geese are flying"- walk slowly and smoothly around the room, waving his arms like geese; raise arms-wings while inhaling, lower them while exhaling, pronouncing "gu-oo-oo" (8-10 times).

"Who is Louder"- straighten your back, close your lips, put the index finger of your left hand on the side of your nose, tightly pressing the left nostril, inhale deeply with your right nostril (close your mouth) and pronounce (exhale) "mmm", while patting your index finger right hand on the right nostril (the result is a long chanted exhalation); the sound [m] must be directed to the nose, it must be sonorous; perform the same actions, pressing the right nostril.

"Stork"- stand straight, raise your arms to the sides, bend one leg at the knee, bring it forward and fix the position for several minutes, keeping balance; as you exhale, lower your leg and arms, quietly saying "shhhh" (6-7 times).

"Pendulum"- sit down in Turkish, hands on the back of the head; inhale calmly (pause 3 seconds), lean forward - exhale, return to the starting position - inhale. Repeat 3-4 times.

"Ball" - imagine yourself as balloons; at the expense of 1, 2, 3, 4, take four deep breaths and hold your breath. Then, for a count of 1 to 5, slowly exhale.

"Crow" - sit up straight, quickly raise your arms through the sides up - inhale, slowly lower your arms - exhale. Say: Kar-rr!

"Roll your pencil"- inhale through the nose and, exhaling through the mouth, roll a round pencil across the table.

"We warm our hands" - inhale through the nose and blow on chilled hands, exhaling smoothly through the mouth, as if warming the hands.

"Firewood saw" - stand opposite each other in pairs, hold hands and imitate sawing wood; hands on yourself - inhale, hands on yourself - exhale.

"Woodcutter" - stand up straight, legs slightly narrower than shoulders; as you exhale, fold your hands with a hatchet and lift up. Sharply, as if under the weight of an ax, lower your outstretched arms down as you exhale, tilt the body, allowing your hands to "cut through" the space between your legs. Say "uh". Repeat 6-8 times.

"Harvesting" - stand up straight, raise your hands up to get apples - inhale (pause 3 seconds). Lower your arms, tilt your body forward and downward - exhale. Repeat 3-4 times.

"Let's play the accordion"- stand up straight, legs slightly apart, hands on the belt. Inhale (pause 3 seconds). Tilt to the left - exhale slowly, stretching the right side. Starting position - inhalation (pause 3 sec). Tilt to the right side - exhale slowly. Repeat 3-4 times.

"Trumpeter" - bring an imaginary pipe to your lips. Imitating the movements of the trumpet player, press the imaginary keys with your fingers, while exhaling saying "tu-tu-tu" (10 - 15 sec).

"Beetle" - sit down, spread your arms to the sides, pulling them back a little - inhale. Exhaling, show how long the big beetle is buzzing - "zh-zh", at the same time lowering his hands down.

"The tire was punctured"- take a light breath, exhaling, show how slowly air comes out through a puncture in the tire - "shhhh".

"Swing"

Target:

A child in a prone position is placed on the stomach in the diaphragm area with a light toy. Inhale and exhale through the nose. An adult pronounces a rhyme:

Swing up(inhale) ,

Swing down(exhalation) ,
Hold on tight, buddy.

"A tree in the wind »

Target:

IP: sitting on the floor, legs crossed (options: sitting on your knees or on your heels, legs together). The back is straight. Raise your arms up above your head with an inhalation and lower them down to the floor in front of you with an exhalation, while bending slightly in the body, as if a tree is bending.

"Woodcutter"

Target:

Stand straight with your feet slightly wider than your shoulders. As you inhale, fold your hands with a hatchet and lift them up. Sharply, as if under the weight of an ax, lower your outstretched arms down as you exhale, tilt your body, allowing your hands to "cut through" the space between your legs. Say bang. Repeat with your child six to eight times.

"Angry hedgehog"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

Stand with feet shoulder-width apart. Imagine a hedgehog curling up into a ball in times of danger. Bend as low as possible without lifting your heels off the floor, grab your chest with your hands, lower your head, uttering "p-f-f" as you exhale - the sound made by an angry hedgehog, then "f-rr" - and this is already a happy hedgehog. Repeat with your child three to five times.

"Blow the balloon"

Target:

IP: the child is sitting or standing. "Inflating the ball" widely spreads his arms to the sides and inhales deeply, then slowly brings his hands together, joining his palms in front of the chest and blowing out air - fff. "The ball burst" - clap your hands, "air comes out of the ball" - the child says: "shshsh", stretching his lips with his proboscis, lowering his hands and settling like a ball from which air was released.

"Leaf fall"

Target:

Cut out various autumn leaves from colored paper and explain to the child what leaf fall is. Invite the child to blow on the leaves so that they fly. Along the way, you can tell which leaves from which tree fell.

"Geese are flying"

Target: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children.

Walking slowly. On inhalation - raise your arms to the sides, on exhalation - lower downward with the uttering of a long sound "g-oo-oo-oo".

"Fluff"

Target: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

Tie a light feather to the string. Invite your child to blow on it. Care must be taken to inhale only through the nose, and exhale through the lips folded into a tube.

"Beetle"

Target: train the strength of inhalation and exhalation.

IP: the baby is standing or sitting with his arms crossed over his chest. He spreads his arms to the sides, raises his head - inhale, crosses his arms over his chest, lowers his head - exhale: “ zhu-u-u- said the winged beetle, I'll sit and buzz. "

"Cockerel"

Target: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children.

IP: standing straight, legs apart, hands lower. Raise your arms to the sides (inhale), and then slap them on your hips (exhale), say "ku-ka-re-ku."

"Crow"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

IP: the child stands straight, legs slightly apart and hands down. Inhale - spreads his arms wide to the sides, like wings, slowly

lowers his arms and pronounces on the exhale: "karrr", maximally stretching the sound [p].

"The little train"

Target: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

Walking, making alternating movements with the hands and saying: "chukh-chukh-chukh." At regular intervals, you can stop and say "tu-tuuu". Duration - up to 30 seconds.

"Grow Big"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

IP: standing straight, legs together. Raise your arms up, stretch well, rise on your toes - inhale, lower your hands down, lower your entire foot - exhale. On the exhale, pronounce "y-x-x-x"! Repeat 4-5 times.

"Hours"

Target: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children.

IP: standing, legs slightly apart, hands lower. Waving straight arms back and forth, pronounce "tick-tock". Repeat up to 10 times.

"Porridge is boiling"

Target: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

IP: sitting, one hand rests on the stomach, the other on the chest. Pulling in your belly and

drawing air into the lungs - inhale, lowering the chest (exhaling air) and protruding the stomach - exhaling. When exhaling, pronounce the sound "f-f-f-f" loudly. Repeat 3-4 times.

"Balloon"

Target: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children.

IP: Lying on the floor, the child puts his hands on his stomach. Taking a slow deep breath, inflates the belly, while simultaneously imagining that the belly is inflating balloon... Holds breath for 5 seconds. Exhales slowly, belly deflates. Holds breath for 5 seconds. Runs 5 times in a row.

"Pump"

Target: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children.

The kid puts his hands on the belt, squats slightly - inhale, straightens - exhale. Gradually

squats become lower, inhalation and exhalation are longer. Repeat 3-4 times.

"Adjuster"

Target: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

Stand straight, feet shoulder-width apart, one arm raised up, the other laid aside. Inhale through your nose, then change the position of your hands and pronounce "rrrrrr" during an extended exhalation. Repeat 5-6 times.

"Scissors"

Target: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

I. p. - too. Straight arms extended forward or to the sides at shoulder level, palms facing down. Inhale left hand goes up, the right goes down. With exhalation - left hand down, right up. After the child has mastered this exercise, you can change it: not the arms move from the shoulder, but only the hands.

"Snowfall"

Target: development of a smooth, long inhalation and exhalation.

Make snowflakes out of paper or cotton wool (loose lumps). Explain to the child what snowfall is and invite the child to blow "snowflakes" from the palm of his hand.

"Trumpeter »

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

IP: sitting, hands are clenched into a tube, raised up. Exhale slowly with a loud pronunciation of the sound "p-f-f-f-f". Repeat up to 5 times.

"Duel »

Target: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children.

Roll a ball - "ball" from a piece of cotton wool. Gate - 2 dice. The child blows on the "ball", trying to "score a goal" - the cotton wool should be between the cubes. With a little exercise, you can play soccer matches with one cotton ball.

"Spring"

Target: the formation of the respiratory apparatus.

IP: lying on your back; legs straight, arms along the body. Raise your legs and bend them at the knees, press them to your chest (exhale). Return to PI (inhale). Repeat 6-8 times.

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

Sit down with your baby at the table, put two cotton balls in front of you (the multi-colored ones are easy to find in supermarkets, and the white ones are made from cotton wool yourself). Blow the balls as hard as possible, trying to blow them off the table.

"Blow on the dandelion"

Target: train the strength of inhalation and exhalation.

IP: the baby is standing or sitting. Take a deep breath through his nose, then exhale for a long time.

through his mouth, as if he wants to blow the fluff off the dandelion.

"Windmill"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

The child blows on the blades of a spinning toy or windmill from a sand set.

"Hippo"

Target: train the strength of inhalation and exhalation.

IP: lying or sitting. The child puts his hand on the diaphragm and breathes deeply.

Inhale and exhale through the nose
The exercise can be performed in

sitting position and accompanied by rhyme:

The hippos sat down and touched their tummies.

Then the tummy rises(inhale),

Then the tummy goes down(exhalation).

"Hen"

Target: the development of a smooth, long inhalation.

IP: the child stands straight, legs slightly apart, arms lowered, spreads his arms wide to the sides, like wings - inhale; as he exhales, he bends down, lowering his head and hanging his arms freely, says: "takh-takh-takh", at the same time patting himself on the knees.

"Soaring butterflies"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

Cut out butterflies from paper and hang them on threads. Offer the child to blow on the butterfly so that it flies (while making sure that the child makes a long, smooth exhalation).

"Stork"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

Standing straight, spread your arms to the sides, and one leg, bent at the knee, bring forward. Lock the position for a few seconds. Keep your balance. As you exhale, lower your leg and arms, quietly saying "shhhhhh." Repeat with your child six to seven times.

"In the woods"

Target:

Imagine that you are lost in a dense forest. After inhaling, as you exhale, say

"ay". Change intonation and volume and turn left and right. Repeat with your child five to six times.

"Wave"

Target: train the strength of inhalation and exhalation.

IP: lying on the floor, feet together, hands at the seams. As you inhale, your hands rise above your head, touching the floor, while exhaling, they slowly return to their original position. Simultaneously with the exhalation, the child says "Vni-i-i-z". After the child has mastered this exercise, pronunciation is canceled.

"Hamster"

Target: development of a smooth, prolonged exhalation.

Invite the child to walk a few steps (up to 10-15), puffing out his cheeks like a hamster, then slap himself lightly on the cheeks - let the air out of his mouth and walk a little more, breathing through his nose.

"Frog"

Target: form correct speech breathing.

Place your feet together. Imagine how the frog jumps quickly and sharply, and repeat his jumps: crouching slightly, inhaling, jump forward. After landing, "croak". Repeat three to four times.

"Battle Cry of the Indians"

Target: form correct speech breathing.

Invite your child to imitate the Indian battle cry: screaming softly, quickly covering and opening his mouth with his palm. This is a fun element for children and is easy to repeat. An adult can "lead

volume ", showing alternately with the hand" quieter-louder ".

Respiratory gymnastics card file

for preschoolers

Educator: Sabaeva M.A.

Respiratory gymnastics for preschoolers

Exist various complexes respiratory gymnastics - gymnastics according to Strelnikova, gymnastics according to Buteyko, gymnastics borrowed from hatha yoga, and others. All of them are based on exercises, the main elements of which are: deep breathing, artificial difficulty in breathing, holding the breath, slowing down breathing, as well as shallow breathing.

But strict standard complexes of breathing exercises are performed by adults, and a number of simple exercises are usually offered for children.

Exercises for children 5-7 years old

For older children, the following can be added to the exercises described above:

Rose and dandelion

Performed in a standing position. First, the child takes a deep breath through his nose, as if he is smelling a rose, trying to draw in all its aroma, then "blowing on a dandelion" - exhales with his mouth as much as possible.

Hen

The child sits on a chair with his hands down, then takes a quick breath and raises his arms to the armpits, palms up, depicting the wings of a chicken. On exhalation, he lowers his “wings”, turning his palms down.

Hamster

Invite your baby to portray a hamster - you need to puff out your cheeks and walk a few steps like that. After that, turn around and slap yourself on the cheeks, thus releasing the air. And then go a few more steps, breathing through your nose, as if sniffing out new food for a new filling of your cheeks.

Crow

The child stands with legs slightly apart and arms down. He takes a breath, spreads his arms wide to the sides, like wings, as he exhales, slowly lowers his arms and pronounces "karrr", stretching the sound "r" as much as possible.

The Dragon

We invite the child to imagine himself as a dragon breathing alternately through each nostril. The child squeezes one nostril with a finger, the other deeply inhales and exhales air.

Throw the ball

The child is standing, holding the ball in his hands, hands are raised up. Inhales, then, on exhalation, throws the ball forward from the chest, while pronouncing a long "yhhhhh".

Each exercise is performed 4-6 times.

Fun and games that train the respiratory system

In addition to the proposed special exercises some of the usual children's entertainment is also good exercise strengthening the respiratory system. These are such interesting activities as inflating balloons, blowing soap bubbles, "gurgling" in a glass of water through a straw, whistling in a whistle, playing the pipe, pipe, harmonica.

Also, children can be offered such useful games:

Aerial soccer

We take a ball for table tennis or we make a ball of cotton wool, put on the table a "gate" from cubes or a constructor. You need to "score a goal" - blow on the ball so that it rolls across the table and rolls into the goal. You can try to complicate the task - to drive a cotton ball, blowing on it not with your mouth, but with your nose.

Drawing on the window

The child exhales onto the glass or mirror so that it becomes foggy, after which he draws a given figure on it with his finger.

Snowfall

Make "snowflakes" - small lumps of cotton wool or paper. We ask the kid to make a snowfall - put "snowflakes" on the palm and blow them off.

Butterflies

Cut out small butterflies from paper and hang them on threads. Offer the child to blow on the butterflies so that they fly.

I am a wind

Make a propeller-type spinner out of paper (or take a purchased one) and blow on it so that it rotates. Pour water into a bath or basin, put a light boat on the water and blow on it so that it floats

Respiratory gymnastics A. N. Strelnikova

It was developed to restore and expand the range of vocals of professional singers. Along with improving the sound of the voice, Strelnikova's breathing exercises relieve fatigue, increase vitality, improve mood and reduce temperature. This gymnastics does not require large rooms, it is easy to perform. Therefore, the problem of adaptation of this breathing exercises for preschool children becomes relevant in modern reality. This technique became widely known thanks to the efforts of Mikhail Nikolaevich Shchetinin, a student and follower of Strelnikov breathing exercises. This is a unique method of natural healing of the whole organism.

Execution rules:

1. Try to put as much emotion as possible in the inhalation Inhale as active as possible, short, like a prick, short and interested. Sniff the air like a dog's footprint.

2. While performing the exercises, observe the simultaneity of inhalation and movement, do not control exhalation - let it be arbitrary. Breathe in at the same time as movement. The movements create a short breath of sufficient volume and depth without much effort.

3. We breathe in at the count of "2", "4", "8", that is, we inhale in series. Make sure that the inhalation is somewhat louder than the exhalation. For children, 8-16 episodes are enough.

4. Do not do the exercises in passing.

Respiratory gymnastics complex for children.

1. "Warm-up"

We play like that today

We begin to sniff the air

Inhale-inhale-inhale-inhale

Garyu smells-ooh-ooh.

2. "Steps"

March in place

Inhalation is done for each step, exhalation is spontaneous

Aty-bats, aty-bats.

And today we are soldiers

Left-right we walk.

We breathe in air quickly.

3. "Cat"

Standing in place, the arms are bent at the elbows, the hands are freely lowered.

Make 4 short noisy breaths through the nose, 4 passive breaths. When performing on inhalation, we clench our fingers into fists (the cat catches the mouse, when exhaling, we unclench it.

We will imitate the cat

We squeeze our palms into fists

We release claws,

We'll catch the mouse quickly.

4. "Curious Barbarian"

Standing. The neck muscles are relaxed, only the head turns to the left and right. Inhaling and turning the head are performed in a measured rhythm of walking in place.

Curious Barabara

Looks to the left, looks to the right

What does it smell like not to understand

You need to inhale with a nose

5. "Ears"

Starting position: legs are slightly narrower than shoulder-width apart, back is straight, arms are lowered, eyes look forward. Tilt your head alternately to the right and left shoulder. A short and noisy breath is taken simultaneously with each shake of the head.

Shake our head

We tilt left and right.

We do not raise our shoulders -

We inhale the air with our nose.

6. "Garden-vegetable garden"

Standing straight. We look up-inhale, look down-inhale. We sniff fruits at the top of the tree, vegetables at the bottom in the garden.

We will raise our heads up-

We'll see ripe fruits

And a radish grows below

And the cabbage is close, close.

7. "The cat hunts"

Standing, arms are bent at the elbows. Slightly sit down, turning to the right, make a grasping movement with your hands - a short and noisy breath, (prey on the right, the same to the left (prey on the left).

The cat went out to hunt-

Sparrow catch hunting.

Left-right squat-

We inhale the smell of a sparrow.

8. "Chasers"

Standing, hands are clenched into fists and pressed to the belt. At the moment of a short noisy breath, forcefully push your fists to the floor, while unclenching your fingers.

We clench our hands into fists-

Now we push our hands down-

We unclench the cams here-

We inhale the air with our nose.

9. "Pump"

Standing, hands down, body tilted slightly forward. Pick up a pencil like a pump handle and inflate a car tire, Inhale through your nose in the final phase of the tilt.

We drove onto the hill-stop!

The wheel is flat-bang!

Inflate the tire quickly

We breathe the air below.

10. "Hug your shoulders"

Standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms bent at the elbows and raised to shoulder level. Begin the movement by throwing your hands towards each other, while the left hand hugs the right shoulder, and the right-left armpit and vice versa. Inhalation occurs when the arms are crossed.

Oh guys, we're freezing

We hug the shoulders in unison.

Breathing exercises:

1. "Watch" I. P. - standing, legs slightly apart, hands lower. Waving straight arms back and forth, say "Tick-tock"

2. "Trumpeter" I. P. - sitting on a chair, hands clenched and raised up. Slow exhalation with a loud pronunciation of the sound "f-f-f-f"

3. "Rooster" IP - stand up straight, legs together, arms out to the sides. Slap your hands on your hips and, exhaling, pronounce "Ku-ka-re-ku"

4. "Steam locomotive" IP - arms bent at the elbows. Walk around the room, rotating bent arms along the body, clenched hands into fists and say "Chukh-chukh-chukh"

5. "Pump" IP - stand up straight, legs together, arms along the body. Lean forward with the pronunciation of the sound "s-s-s"

6. "Regulator" I. P. - standing, feet shoulder-width apart, one hand is raised up, the other is set aside. Breathe in. Change the position of the hands with an elongated exhalation and pronunciation of the sound "rrr"

7. "Skier" IP - legs are bent and spaced to the width of the feet. Imitation of skiing. Exhale through the nose with the pronunciation of the sound "m"

8. "Geese" I. P. - the main stand. Walking slowly around the hall. To inhale, raise your hands to the sides, exhale to lower them down with a long pronunciation of the sound "oo-oo-oo"

9. "Semaphore" IP - sitting, legs together. Raise your arms to the sides and slowly lower them with a long exhalation on the sound "S-s-s"

10. "Porridge boils" IP - sitting on a bench, one hand is on his stomach, the other on his chest. Pulling in the stomach and drawing air into the chest - inhale, lowering the chest and protruding the stomach - exhale. When inhaling, pronounce the sound "Sh-sh-sh"

11. "Partisans" I. P. - standing. In the hands of a stick. Walking with knees raised high. Inhale for 2 steps, exhale slowly for 6-8 steps with the pronunciation of the word "Ti-shi-na"

12. "On the horizontal bar" I. P. - standing, feet together, gymnastic stick in both hands in front of you. Rising on toes, raise the stick up - inhale, lower the stick on the shoulder blades - long exhalation with the pronunciation of the sound "FF-f-f-f-f"

13. "Geese hiss" IP - feet shoulder-width apart, arms down. Lean forward while moving your arms to the sides and back. Slow exhalation on the sound "Sh-sh-sh"

14. "Hedgehog" IP - sitting on the mat, legs together, rest on the back of the hands. Bend your knees and pull them to your chest, exhale slowly on the sound "f-f-f". Straighten your legs-inhale.

15. "The ball burst" I. P. - legs slightly apart, hands down. Dilution of arms to the sides - inhale. Clap in front of you - a slow exhalation on the sound "Sh-sh-sh-sh"

16. "Woodcutter" IP - feet shoulder-width apart, arms along the body. Raise the clasped hands up - inhale, lower them down - exhale with the pronunciation "Wow-x-x".

Respiratory relaxation according to M. L Lazarev's method:

The program "Hello" by ML Lazarev is developed on the basis of modern scientific approaches to the education and training of preschool children within the existing framework of educational standards. Important role the program is played by music, which for the first time in the pedagogical literature on the formation of health is not an additional material, but an integral basis of the entire course.

Breathing relaxation technique: quiet calm music sounds (music supplement on SD No. 1)

“Let's lie on our back ... Close our eyes ... Imagine that you are inhaling the scent of a flower ... Try to inhale it not only with your nose, but also with your whole body ... with your skin ... Inhale, exhale ... You are well rested ... The body is energized ... I count to 5 ... At the count of 5 open your eyes. The eyes open. Freshness in the body ... cheerfulness ... Good mood… ».

Full breathing.

Full breathing - yogis breathing is the most rational way of breathing, this is the basis correct breathing... Full breathing promotes the best ventilation of the lungs, the movement of energy and oxygen exchange in the body. This breathing has a wonderful effect, heals the lungs and the whole body as a whole.

A set of exercises:

1. "Wind"

I. p.: Lying, sitting, standing. The torso is relaxed. Exhale completely through your nose, drawing in your stomach and chest. Take a full breath, protruding your belly and ribs. chest... Hold your breath for 3-4 seconds. Through pursed lips, forcefully release air with several abrupt exhalations. Repeat 3-4 times.

2. "Rainbow"

I.P .: standing or in motion. Take a full breath with your nose, spreading your arms to the sides. Hold your breath for 3-4 seconds. Stretching your lips in a smile, pronounce the sound "s", exhaling air and drawing in your stomach and chest. Hands first direct forward, then cross in front of the chest, as if hugging the shoulders: one hand goes under the armpit, the other on the shoulder.

3. "We breathe quietly, calmly and smoothly"

I. P. sitting, standing, the body is erect, but not tense.

Close the right nostril with the index finger of the right hand, take a quiet long breath in the left nostril (successively lower, middle, upper breathing).

As soon as the inhalation is over, open the right nostril and close the left one with the index finger of the left hand - make a quiet long exhalation through the right nostril with maximum emptying of the lungs and pulling the diaphragm up as far as possible so that a "pit" is formed in the stomach.

The same is the opposite.

4. "Balloon" (we breathe in the belly, lower breathing)

I.P .: lying on your back, legs are freely extended, the body is relaxed, the eyes are closed. Attention is focused on the movement of the navel: both palms are on it. In the future, this exercise can be performed while standing.

Slow, smooth inhalation, without any effort - the stomach slowly rises up and swells like a round ball. Slow, smooth exhalation - the stomach is slowly drawn towards the back.

Natalia Krainova
The use of breathing exercises in a preschool educational institution

The introduction of the Federal State Educational Standard requires new non-standard approaches to the health improvement of children, since the previous forms and methods cannot adequately resist the deterioration of the health of the younger generation.

Many modern methods of reducing the incidence of diseases in children and adolescents provide nice results, but require material costs. Some techniques require a separate room and additional time.

Breathing exercises gives great positive result in strengthening the health of children. Actively involves all parts of the body (arms, legs, head, hip belt, abdominal Press, shoulder girdle, causes a general physiological reaction of the whole organism, oxygen consumption increases.

Performing exercises, simultaneously with a short noisy inhalation and passive exhalation, tissue breath, the assimilation of oxygen by tissues increases. These exercises irritate a large area of receptors on the nasal mucosa, which provides reflex communication between the nasal cavity and almost all organs. This ensures the body's resistance to various diseases.

For these and other parameters breathing exercises out of competition.

Respiratory gymnastics - universal... It can be therapeutic and prophylactic, health-improving and developing, restoring strength and improving mood. It can be done at home and on the street, standing, sitting and lying, all at once or in parts. It has no contraindications and is very effective. For breathing exercises you need one square meter of room and an open window. 10 minutes after the start of classes, something completely different appears. well-being: cheerfulness, lightness throughout the body, great mood. That is, in the shortest possible time - the maximum result. And this is necessary modern man with our way of life.

It is important to note that in order to teach children this health-improving technology, it is necessary for the teachers themselves to master the principle of this gymnastics, exercises, their sequence and technique. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly follow guidelines, indicated by the authors of the methods for breathing exercises.

Thanks to breathing exercises solve problems:

Strengthening the health of children;

Restoration of normal physiological breathing through the nose;

Directing the energy of children "In a peaceful direction" and full satisfaction of the need for physical activity;

The choice of this health technology is explained by the fact that breathing exercises helps children overcome severe speech impairments.

When conducting breathing exercises with children, you need to do the following necessary conditions:

- Respiratory gymnastics to carry out on an empty stomach, excluding 20 minutes before meals or 1 hour after meals;

Before doing gymnastics clear nose;

Particular attention should be paid to children's clothing, i.e. - tightening garments (tight collar, belt) should be loosened to improve the movement of the chest and diaphragm.

- Respiratory exercises are included in the morning complex gymnastics, in physical minutes during classes, on a walk (when the air temperature is above 10 -12 degrees Celsius, after a nap.

After graduation gymnastics attention of children more"Collected", they listen and hear the words of the educator. At this time, you can tell the children what else you can do on the walk, organize the activities of the children.

Children easily master the exercises and perform them with pleasure, in a good mood.

Related publications:

Didactic manual for breathing exercises "Insects" The goals of breathing exercises: - training of the respiratory system - consolidation of the names of insects - development of concentration of attention - development.

Respiratory gymnastics game complex The offered complex of breathing exercises is suitable for children from two years of age. Promotes the development of the respiratory muscles of the speech apparatus.

Game exercises for breathing exercises WATCHES-watch goes ahead, I. p. Stands behind them. legs slightly apart 1-swing of the arms forward -tik (inhalation) 2-swing of the arms back so. (exhalation).

The use of breathing exercises in the process of educational activities An approximate complex of breathing exercises Let's listen to your breathing Purpose: to teach children to listen to their breathing, to determine its type.

Respiratory gymnastics card file 14.1. "Swing" Purpose: to strengthen the physiological respiration in children. The child, who is in the supine position, is placed on his stomach in the area of the diaphragm.

Synopsis of morning exercises with elements of breathing exercises, exercises for the prevention of postural disorders Summary of the organization and conduct morning exercises(with elements of breathing exercises, exercises for the prevention of posture disorders).

Now in our modern world everything is computerized. And our children are not playing table games, but into a computer and a telephone. Due to this.