Past weekend open championship Mongolia in freestyle wrestling (Mongolia open - 2017) clearly showed that several Buryat wrestlers at once look decent even against the background of the best Mongolian freestyle wrestlers.
And in the Mongolia open - 2017, as many as five Mongolian teams took part, in which the entire color of the Mongolian free-style wrestling was collected. Note that two athletes from Buryatia, who represented Russia at this tournament (along with wrestlers from Yakutia, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk and Moscow), became the champions of Mongolia this year. They are Baldan Tsyzhipov, who competed in the over 125 kg weight category, and the middle weight Evgeny Zherbaev (over 70 kg).
All Mongolian experts in principle agree that today the bronze medalist of the Russian Championship in 2016, Baldan Tsyzhipov, who, according to the results of last year, is actually the fourth or fifth most powerful Russian wrestler in this weight, is clearly stronger than all Mongolian wrestlers.
Nothing is clear about my participation in tournaments for Mongolia. Work is currently underway to resolve this issue. I myself have a great desire to play for Mongolia, as it gives good chance to enter major international competitions - world championships, Asia, the Olympic Games. And in general I really like Mongolia, I like to come here, to participate in competitions, - says the champion of Mongolia in 2017 Baldan Tsyzhipov.
Boris Budaev's carpet friend
In this Olympic cycle until 2020, among Mongolian wrestlers heavyweight(over 125 kg) there is no equal to Baldan Tsyzhipov yet, - the vice-president of the Mongolian Freestyle Wrestling Federation Buyandelger Bold told us. - He could play for Mongolia, as do many athletes playing for other countries. Freestyle wrestling federations of Mongolia and Buryatia can agree on this. But finally, such issues should be resolved at the level of the Ministry of Sports of Mongolia. In this sense, Baldan Tsyzhipov has a good chance. Since, as far as I know, his wife is a citizen of Mongolia.
Mr. B. Bold himself is a titled athlete, champion of Asia and Mongolia, medalist of world championships, honored master of sports of Mongolia, who performed in the same weight category with the 1989 Buryat world champion Boris Budaev. By the way, the first major international success of the famous Buryat wrestler, when he won the title of world youth champion in 1979, was achieved not without the help of Bold. The fact is that Boris Budaev defeated Bold at that tournament, but lost on points to a wrestler from the United States. And in order for Budaev to become a champion, it was necessary for Bold to beat the American cleanly (on the carcass or with a clear advantage).
Before the last fight, I didn't care, because I was in second place in this championship anyway, - says B. Bold. - But I won purely against the rival Bory and helped him! And Borya became the first among the Buryats the world champion in freestyle wrestling among youth. And then, in 1989, Boris Dugdanovich became the world champion among adults! And I didn’t, although I was second in the world three times ...
Zherbaev's triumph
It is interesting that even today an excellent wrestler is still growing in this weight (68 - 70 kg) in Buryatia. This is yesterday's junior 24-year-old Evgeny Zherbaev, who recently added the title of Mongolian champion to his title of bronze medalist of the 2015 Russian Championship.
We really liked Evgeny Zherbaev, who showed a fairly confident and spectacular wrestling, '' said Doctor of Sciences Lubsanzunduin Nyam, an international master of sports and one of the leading Mongolian experts in physical fitness freestyle wrestlers. - Participation of Buryat wrestlers in tournaments for the Mongolian national team - good idea... We just need to all of us agree well and promote this idea in the public field, in the media.
At the Mongolia open - 2017, Evgeny Zherbaev won all his fights ahead of schedule and with a clear advantage. It was not lucky to grapple with the athlete from Yakutia Alexei Ivanov, who is gaining shape, Evgeny, and the three best Mongolian wrestlers in this weight category: Ulziymunkh (1/4 finals, score 0:10), Mandakhnaran (semifinal, score 7:17) and Sukhbat (final , score 0:12)!
By the way, Ganzorig Mandakhnaran is the same Mongolian wrestler who represented his country at the Olympics last summer and around whom the biggest scandal at the wrestling tournament in Rio happened then. Recall that in order to win the Olympic bronze medal, Mandahnaran was only four seconds short.
In the last seconds of his fight for third place with a wrestler from Uzbekistan Ikhtior Navruzov, the score was 7: 7, but the Mongolian wrestler had an advantage due to the fact that it was he who performed the last hold, assessed by the judges. Four seconds before the end of the bout, Mandakhnaran began to celebrate the victory, but the judges assessed this as evasion from the fight and gave the victory point to Navruzov. It was at that moment that the coaches of the Mongolian national team, indignant at the actions of the judiciary, began to rip off their clothes and shoes and throw them on the wrestling carpet on a grand scale.
I am sure that if Yevgeny Zherbaev had played for Mongolia then in Rio de Janeiro, Mongolian coaches would not have had to show the audience their naked torsos and, waving their arms, loudly cry out to higher powers in search of justice. Since Evgeny Zherbaev in this situation, most likely, would have won by more than one point!
Example of Bazarguruev
According to international rules, an athlete can represent any country at the Olympics if he participated in domestic competitions in this country or played for it at international tournaments at least two years before Olympic Games... Thus, the upcoming sports year (2017 - 2018) will be decisive for our wrestlers.
Today fighters with North Caucasus and from Sakha-Yakutia are in favor of many countries of the world. There is an example of our wrestler Bazyr Bazarguruev. Playing for Kyrgyzstan, he won the Olympic bronze in Beijing, was the bronze medalist of the World and Asian Championships. Our archer Miroslava Dagbaeva also participated in tournaments for the Mongolian national team, the famous wrestler, world champion Boris Budaev performed at the end of his sports career for Uzbekistan, became the champion of Asia. The athlete's age is short, and why don't we give our athletes - the second, third, fourth numbers in the Russian national team - the opportunity to participate in international competitions for other friendly countries? - considers former minister sports of Buryatia Vladislav Bumboshkin.
Today, a number of sports and public figures from Buryatia held the Mongolian Freestyle Wrestling Federation and Olympic Committee there were several meetings in the neighboring country, at which the prospect of participation of Buryat athletes in the competition for the Mongolian national team was considered. Recall that today it is quite difficult to obtain Mongolian citizenship, since the laws of this country do not allow dual citizenship for Mongolians. And in order to become a citizen of Mongolia, you must renounce the citizenship of another country.
According to the participants of these meetings, the deputy of the People's Khural of Buryatia Stepan Kalmykov and the honored trainer of Buryatia, professor of the Belarusian State University Kirill Baldaev (the current trainer of Baldan Tsyzhipov), their Mongolian partners at the level of sports figures are all in favor of attracting athletes from Buryatia (wrestlers, archers, boxers) to the national team of Mongolia. And now it is the turn of the politicians.
The fight of the Buryats during the holidays. 1904 postcard (based on the first photograph of the Buryat struggle)
The first mention of the struggle is found in the "Secret History of the Mongols" (): "Once, at a feast, Genghis Khan proposed to fight Buri-Buke with Balgudei."
Wrestling competitions were an integral part of the Buryat folk holidays Tailgan, Sagaalgan, etc., were part of the wedding ceremony. The wrestlers' competitions reached a special scale at traditional games eryn gurban naadan(three games of husbands), which were arranged during various holidays and significant events. Besides the fight bүhe barildaan, the participants competed in the races - mori urildaan and archery - surkharbaan (һүr harbalga) .
Grand Duke Nikolai Alexandrovich, future Emperor Nicholas II, as the heir to the throne, visited the Trans-Baikal region in June 1891 and met with representatives of the Aginsk Buryats on the Tura River, where they were arranged in honor of the Tsarevich. traditional games eryn gurban naadan... This event is captured in the photo, which became the first photo of the Buryat struggle.
rules
A variety of techniques are used in the fight, various techniques both with grips and without grips.
Mongolian wrestling has its own rituals, rules and specific features: earlier the fights were not limited in time (now time restrictions have been introduced), there are no weight categories, the fight is in open space, the one who first touches the ground with any part of the body, except for the soles of the feet and hands, each wrestler has his own second - "zasuul", after the fight, the loser must pass under the raised right hand the winner as a sign that he admits defeat. The winner performs the traditional eagle dance.
Rank
On the national holiday - Nadome, which takes place from 11 to 13 July, from 512 to 1024 wrestlers fight. They fight in pairs, for elimination. Accordingly, there are from 9 to 10 rounds - "davaa". Depending on the passage of "davaa", special honorary titles are awarded:
Costume
The wrestlers are dressed in a special wrestling costume: national boots with bent toes - "Mongol gutal", short shorts - "Shuudag" and a kind of short shirt with an open chest - "zodog".
V bukhe-barildaan (Buryat wrestling) before the fight, the wrestlers took off their clothes and wrestled barefoot in trousers with trousers rolled up on their hips. Such clothes are described in sources and are typical for
We present to our readers a translation of the text from a video made by a Japanese journalist and judo fan after the Grand Slam Tokyo-2013.This is a kind of reportage about how the Japanese Ono - a former judoka himself - came to Mongolia in order to find out what the secret of success is. Mongolian athletes. V last years judokas from Mongolia amaze the whole world with an unexpected phenomenal increase in their level. The Japanese, as "legislators" and the forefathers of this and other martial arts, are simply puzzled by this. And one of them, sports journalist and judoka Ono, decided to find out for himself what is happening in Mongolia, why this country began to give the world invincible judo fighters ...
From the translator: As an author and translator, I want to add something about this. Once upon a time, the great man Oyama Masutatsu also thought the same way as this Ono and sought the roots of Karate in the Mongolian wrestling. The great Masutatsu Oyama said: "... Karate and sumo have the same roots. As a child, in Manchuria, I saw Mongolian wrestling competitions several times (it is similar to sumo wrestling). The movements of powerful wrestlers, their captures and sweeps, clearly showed that the roots of the Mongolian wrestling in the ancient Chinese fist fighting, from which karate comes. Mongolian wrestling appeared in Japan in the Nara era. You can now read about this in the chronicle "Nippon seki" ... ". Sosorbaramyn Maidar, Mongolia.
Below you can see my story about how the Japanese Ono searches for the “secrets of Mongolian judo” in this video:
This is the 2013 Tokyo Grand Slam. In the hall is Marius Weiser (President International Federation judo - ARD). Japanese sports journalist Ono asks him only one question.
- What do you think, judokas of which countries are the strongest?
Judo has become a world sport. In many countries, the level of athletes is increasing from year to year. But today the best are from Mongolia.
The country he named first is Mongolia. And athletes from other countries agreed with his opinion:
About two years ago, the Mongols suddenly became stronger. They wrestle in a low position, like in freestyle wrestling.
Mongols are distinguished by their physical strength, they are powerful fighters. Many of them are still young, but they should not be underestimated.
The best fighters of other countries are shocked. Because the abilities of the Mongols are growing rapidly. This year at the World Cup they beat the Japanese and the Russians and received 68 medals. And at the Grand Slam of Tokyo, the Mongols gave four Japanese people a bitter experience ...
Trying to understand what is the source of the success of Mongolian athletes, this Japanese guy, Ono, specially came to the cold Ulaanbaatar.
Hello! Oh, it's really cold! In such difficult conditions as they train ... interesting. V recent times their fighting techniques have improved. Even in a direct fight, the level has increased a lot. As if they have something that the Japanese can never master. Therefore, I came myself, to find out at least something about this.
Ono arrived at the Central House of Sports in Ulaanbaatar directly from the airport.
It says "Judo" here.
So this is where Mongolian athletes train.
Oh, Big hall... And it's warm. It smells like it should smell in a judo hall.
Mongolian judokas are trained here. And they improve their performance here too. Every day, morning and evening, they train for two hours. But the most needed room is not in very good condition. Even the floor is not in proper condition. But the best athletes come out of this hall!
They are different from the Japanese judokas, who in Japan meet each other several times a year. Here the Mongolian judokas all gather under one roof. For example, this year's world champion Mankhbatyn Uranchimeg, silver medalist among men 60 kg Dashdavaagiin Amartyvshin are also here.
And the one that showed the level of Mongolian judo to the whole world at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing is the pride of his homeland, this guy, Naydangiin Tuvshinbayar. Then best athlete Japan, Suzuki Cage, lost to him. And Tuvshinbayar won the first Olympic gold medal for Mongolia.
Naydangiin Tovshinbayar (in a white kimono) - Olympic champion in judo from Mongolia.
Thanks to the Tүvshinbayar gold medal, the number of judokas in Mongolia has increased dramatically. Only in the last five years - 10 times. Now judo in Mongolia is the number one sport, people of any age are interested in it. “I dream of getting gold at the Olympics,” “I want to become a famous judoka,” they say.
When there are many competitors, the level rises. But even so, judo is not simple game, not everyone can fight on the Olympic tatami. Maybe this is the secret of training the Mongols? How did Mongolian judokas appear in Ono's eyes?
In Japan, athletes learn one technique that is convenient for themselves - thanks to which they are used to winning. And the Mongols can capture from anywhere and fight using different techniques. You think he fell - but he gets up and attacks again. Fight hard. Until they touch the tatami with their backs, they will fight to the last. This is their strength.
World champion in judo in 2014 - Mankhbatyn Uranchimeg (in a white kimono).
Yes, exactly as Ono said - the Mongols will fight to the last, if their back does not touch the tatami. They also love to fight in close combat. They are different from Japanese judokas.
The Japanese first like to take a good position, and then they already think about winning or collect points. Why do the Mongols fight in this style? Ono decided to ask the coach.
The peculiarity of Mongolian judo is that we use the techniques of the Mongolian national "bukh barildaan". Most often, Mongolian top judokas first practiced the Mongolian national wrestling. This means that buh barildaan has the techniques and strength training needed for judo.
There are many similarities in the Mongolian national wrestling and judo. But how are these two types of struggle related? Ono went to the training hall for the Mongolian national wrestling.
The first fights are like judo. Pulling underfoot is very similar. In the Mongolian national struggle, if your elbows, knees and back touch the floor or the ground, then you have lost. Not like on the tatami - there are no push techniques.
This is not like sumo, but judo. The Japanese asks those athletes who are engaged in both Mongolian wrestling and judo:
- Are there any techniques in Mongolian wrestling that can be used in judo?
Of course have. For example - somersault ...
Ono noticed what interested him.
- In Mongolian wrestling, there are no throws? And they don't like to attack from below to grab a leg?
We cannot use this here. Otherwise, the elbows touch the ground. And that means losing.
- You strong legs... This helps not to fall.
- Understood. Many thanks.
Master Masutatsu Oyama was also looking for a “new breath” for karate - in Mongolia. Photo karate-wko.ru
reference
Masutatsu Oyama (Japanese 大 山 倍 達 O: Yama Masutatsu?), 1923-1994) - an outstanding master and teacher of karate, one of the most famous representatives of martial arts, owner of 10 dan, creator of the Kyokushin style, popularizer of karate in Japan and other countries, author of a large number of popular books about karate, organizer of national and world sporting events in karate. Having founded his own style, which quickly gained the fame of "the strongest karate", Oyama created and until his death in 1994 headed An international organization Kyokushinkai (IKO), of which several million people worldwide have become members.
In nomadic communities, where 30% of the population of Inner Mongolia lives, the ancient art of special wrestling, beh barildaan, has been preserved. This sport symbolizes high status, and for many men in the country, it becomes the main part of life - therefore, when a boy is born in a family, relatives pray that he becomes a fighter. Photographer Ken Hermann and art director Gemma Fletcher went to the steppe and captured Mongolian wrestlers for the Beh project.
I publish interesting travel stories about places I have not yet managed to get to myself. A joint heading with BigPicture.ru is published daily
1 According to the photographer, he is fascinated by Mongolia and has long wanted to go there: “When I found out about these wrestlers, I realized that this was the perfect excuse to travel. Gemma and I worked together on several projects, we came out pretty good team... She is very creative, and I am technically savvy, these qualities complement each other well "
3 “We got to know our heroes a little, and one feature stands out in them - the movement between the past and the present. They are passionately devoted to the centuries-old tradition of wrestling and at the same time are interested in modern fashion and culture, although they live far from cities, without free access to the Internet. "
4 "The wrestlers move as if they are performing a dance, and their every gesture is carefully planned."
5 Even Genghis Khan forced his fighters to do physical exercises so that they are always ready for battle.
6 In the Mongolian wrestling, the fight takes place in open space, each wrestler has his own "second" - zasuul. The second protects the interests of the ward before the judges, monitors the fight, encourages the wrestler, holds his hat, and in case of victory raises his right hand up.
7 When the wrestlers enter the field, they reproduce the flight of the mythical bird Garuda: they wave their arms, crouch, pat themselves on the thighs.
8 Weight categories in this fight, no. Previously, there were no time limits, but now they have been added.
9 The winner is the one who first touches the ground with any part of the body except the soles of the feet and hands. After the fight, he must pass under the winner's raised right hand as a sign that he admits defeat. The winner performs the traditional eagle dance.
10 More than 400 techniques are used in Mongolian wrestling. Trips are permitted, but trips are prohibited.
11 Opponents wrestle in special costumes: they include national boots with curved toes - "Mongol gutal", shorts - "Shuudag", a shirt with an open chest - "zodog" and a headdress with the image of the "knot of happiness" - "ulziy".
12 In Mongolia, there is a legend about why wrestlers wear open shirts. As if once upon a time an invincible hero appeared in the steppe, who had no equal. The hero defeated all the strongest fighters, and then it turned out that he was not him at all, but a woman. Then one old man suggested wrestling in shorts and with open breasts - so that women "would not meddle in men's affairs."
13 From 11 to 13 July, the country hosts a national sports holiday - Nadom; from 512 to 1024 people participate in wrestling competitions. For nine or ten rounds, they fight in pairs, for elimination. For victories, special titles are awarded: "nach" ("falcon") - for a victory in five rounds, "kharzag" ("hawk") - for a victory in six rounds, "zaan" ("elephant") - for a victory in seven rounds , “Garuda” (“sacred bird”) - for winning in eight rounds. The winner in nine rounds is called "arslan" ("lion"), and in ten, when 1024 wrestlers are fighting, - "avraga" ("giant").
14 Since 2002, wrestling competitions have been held according to new rules: the time of the fight is limited, monetary penalties have appeared, bonuses for each victory have increased, the judges began to take into account the discipline and level of preparation of the wrestlers for the competition. If earlier titled wrestlers named their opponents themselves, now the commission is engaged in this.
15 Mass fascination with wrestling helps the development of other sports as well: classical and freestyle wrestling, sambo, judo, sumo.
16 Of the 69 yokozun, as they call greatest fighters Sumo, there are four non-Japanese in total, and two of them are Mongols.