Carp fish- a species of freshwater fish belonging to the cyprinid family. Most often, this marine inhabitant is found in the Black, Azov and Caspian Seas, but it also lives in Siberian, Kamchatka and Asian waters.

It is very difficult to confuse carp with any other fish species. It is covered with beautiful large golden scales. Moreover, each scale is outlined with an expressive black outline (see photo). The belly of such a fish is colored lighter, and the back area is darker.

The average life span of a carp is twenty years. However, among the fish of this non-predatory species, there are long-livers, whose life cycle reaches thirty-five years. One way or another, the carp stops growing at the eighth year of life. Consequently, an intensive increase in its mass occurs in the first eight years.

Freshwater carp is otherwise called common carp. Today it has two varieties:

• residential - fish of this type, as a rule, are found in one particular body of water;
• semi-anadromous - this species of carp usually lives in desalinated seas, but during spawning it moves to rivers.

By the age of two years of life, the size of an ordinary carp can reach ten centimeters in length, and young individuals usually weigh up to three hundred grams. But the dimensions of adult fish are very impressive. Their length reaches one hundred and twenty centimeters, and their weight is thirty kilograms.

How to choose and store?

In order for a dish made from carp to turn out really tasty, this type of fish must be chosen correctly. Today, spoiled fish products are often found in stores, and this is primarily due to improper storage. Buy carp only if it meets the following requirements:

• the structure of the eyes is transparent, and the pupils have an expressive black color;
• scales shine and fit snugly to the body of the fish;
• there are no damages and foreign spots on the fish surface;
• the gills are not covered with mucus;
• there is a fresh fishy aroma.

If only frozen carp is on sale, then be sure to pay attention to the presence of ice. Its presence speaks of repeated freezing of the fish product.

Cooking use

Due to its bony structure and excellent taste, this type of fish is widely used in many cuisines around the world. Carp meat has a firm and juicy texture, as well as a pleasant sweetish taste that is difficult to change with the addition of any spices and other ingredients. That is why the flavor of such fish always dominates the cooked dish.

The carp differs in that it is allowed to be subjected to absolutely any type of processing:

• fry;
• extinguish;
• marinate;
• bake;
• cook;
• dry;
• salt.

Fried and baked, this delicious fish has an incredibly appetizing golden crust and a very attractive aroma. Boiled carp meat is often used to make minced fish. From such a mixture, you can make juicy cutlets, as well as unusual pie fillings.

At home, you can cook a lot of delicious dishes from fresh carp, including soups, salads and snacks.

It is noteworthy that this fish product is combined with almost all ingredients:

• vegetables;
• cereals;
• lemon and lime juice;
• mushrooms;
• spices;
• greens
• pasta and more.

Most chefs prefer to cook such fish through the oven as an independent dish. Experienced cooks recommend baking carp at a temperature of two hundred degrees for thirty minutes, and the first fifteen minutes the fish should be cooked in foil so that it is preserved in the dish maximum amount juice.

Benefit and harm

It is scientifically proven that this type of freshwater fish is very beneficial for human health. This is primarily due to the presence of vital substances in the composition of this product. It is high in protein and fat, as well as ash and saturated fatty acids. The carp is also rich in vitamins and minerals, among which the first places are occupied by chlorine, nickel and sodium.

Due to its rich chemical composition, this fish has many beneficial properties. With its regular use, it improves the activity of the brain, as well as well-being and protection. immune system... Most often, carp is recommended to be included in the diet in such cases:

• for the treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
• to enhance the protective functions of the epidermis;
• for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia;
• to restore the functions of blood vessels;
• to improve vision;
• for the full functioning of the liver.

The benefit of this fish product is also due to its low calorie content, which allows it to be consumed not only while observing therapeutic diets, but also when losing weight.

Due to its easy digestibility, carp meat is very useful for children, as well as for the elderly, whose body needs a large amount of protein.

Such a fish cannot cause significant harm to the body, but, given its unpretentiousness in food, it is highly discouraged to abuse this product. Due to the fact that the carp feeds on worms and various insects, some harmful substances gradually accumulate in its body, which can be dangerous to human health.

How to properly fish for carp?

Before you learn how to catch a carp correctly, you need to figure out in what period of the year it begins to peck. The active season for such fish usually begins in early spring, after the winter awakening. At this time of the year, carp usually lives near fish spawning grounds, while eating food not only of animal origin, but also of plant origin. Spring is the most suitable season for catching this fish species, as it is at this time that there is an opportunity to catch a really large fish of the carp family.

It is not recommended to engage in carp fishing in the summer, since during this period of the year it diverges throughout the sea or river. In this case, it will be possible to achieve a successful result only with the help of long-term bait, which is perfectly suited for steamed cereal grains, boiled potatoes, as well as worms and crushed shells. In the hot season, the carp bites on wheat, peas, corn, and also on maggots, boiled potatoes and dough. In spring and autumn, it is better to use worms, leeches, crayfish or maggots as bait.

As a tackle for catching carp, it is better to use powerful fishing rods with a length of at least three and a half meters. With such a long tackle, first of all, it is very convenient to make long casts, which increases the chances of catching big fish... Also, such rods are easily installed in an upright position, due to which the line practically does not stretch even with strong currents.

As for habitats, this type of fish is usually found in large bodies of water, most often accumulates in areas with calm water. Sometimes carp is found among the bays with a lot of algae. At the end of autumn, he settles in deep pits, in which he subsequently remains for the whole winter. Despite the fact that such a fish often swims on the surface, it feeds only at the depth of the reservoir. The carp menu is very varied. It can include both algae and aquatic insects, and even eggs of spawned fish.

Carp is a delicious fish that can be enjoyed at any time of the year!

He is common carp (Cyprinus carpio) - a species of freshwater fish of the ray-finned class, the carp order, the carp family, the carp genus.

The carp is one of the favorite objects of amateur fishing, due to which fishermen are affectionately called "river boar". Although the carp was nicknamed "river pig" for its omnivorous nature.

Two weeks old carp fry eat bloodworms and various microorganisms that can be found on the muddy bottom (ciliates, cyclops, small rotifers, then plankton and tendipedid larvae).

The carp grows pretty quickly. The growth rate depends on the conditions of feeding, the richness of the forage base and the duration of the warm period with water temperatures above + 20 degrees. The carp feeds most intensively at a temperature of 25-29 degrees and stops feeding at temperatures below 8-10 degrees.

Carp hibernation

In autumn, when the water temperature drops below + 8 degrees, carp are one of the first fish species to hibernate. For hibernation, the carp chooses deep bottom depressions with an impressive layer of silt. The body of the fish is covered with a thick layer of mucus, breathing slows down, and food stops until spring. In this state, common carps stay all winter, and they come out of their torpor after the ice melts, with the first floods, although they begin to show activity only before the start of spawning.

Carp males are ready for breeding at the age of 3 years with a body length of 29-36 cm. Females become sexually mature by 3-5 years, growing up to 34-45 cm in length.

Spawning grounds are always located close to the coast, among last year's vegetation. Carp come to their breeding sites a month before the start of spawning, while the water is warmed up by no more than 10 degrees, and remain at a depth of 1.5-2 m. and proceeds very violently. The most intensive spawning is observed at a water temperature of 18-20 degrees and above. For fish breeding, they choose shallow areas near the coast, no more than 0.5 m deep. A school of fish goes out to spawn in the evening, at sunset, and the process can drag on until 10 am, accompanied by noise and frequent splashes when males jump out of the water and fall back ... Dorsal fins, as well as the backs and upper lobes of the tail fins of fish constantly appear from the water. One group usually consists of a female and 2-3 (sometimes 5) males.

Carp are one of the most prolific fish, each female is capable of spawning up to 1.5 million eggs. In the delta of rivers of the southern seas, spawning begins in early May, peaks in mid-May, and ends in June. As you move north, the breeding dates for the carp are shifted by more late time, and spawning can take place in July and even August. Carp caviar is yellowish in color and has a diameter of about 1.5 mm.

The female carp does not spawn all the eggs; some of the unfertilized eggs remain in the ovaries of the fish. In unfavorable years, these eggs dissolve; in years with prolonged floods, re-spawning occurs.

Fertilized carp caviar sticks to the branches of underwater vegetation. After 3-6 days after fertilization, the embryos fully ripen, and larvae are born from the eggs, which are attached to the plants with special glands. They hang almost motionless, occasionally performing oscillatory movements for the inflow of fresh water rich in oxygen. At first, the carp larvae feed on the reserves of the yolk sac. After a couple of days, when the yolk reserves are exhausted, they begin to feed on various microorganisms (small rotifers, ciliates, cyclops), and then find larger food (plankton, tendipedid larvae). Benthic organisms predominate in the diet of fry 18 mm and more. With a sufficient forage base, a young carp by the age of 2 years of age can gain a weight of about 200 g.

Carp is a favorite object of sport fishing. It catches well on worms, steamed cake, peas and specially prepared dumplings. Once on the hook, the carp tries to break the line with acceleration. If this fails, the carp tries to cut the line with its dorsal serrated beam. There is a very interesting way of catching carp, based on its habit of passing inedible objects that got along with food through the gill slit. The fishermen attach a small brass hook without any barbs next to a dumpling or a piece of cake fixed on a leash. The carp begins to suck on the dumpling, the hook tickles the head, throat, front of the belly, and to get rid of it, the carp swallows it and passes it through the gill slit to the outside. As a result, he is caught on the hook and becomes the prey of the angler.

Carp - useful properties

Carp meat is low-fat, tasty, easily digestible and contains only 95 kcal per 100 g. A number of vitamins (A, E, B, PP), minerals (phosphorus, iron, calcium) and unsaturated fatty acids, which are very useful for the human body, are found in meat.

• Despite its high commercial value, the carp is included in the hundred most dangerous invasive species. For example, in Australia, carp has bred so much that it is over 80% of total mass fish that live in the Murray River - Australia's largest waterway.
• According to the testimony of fishermen, the carp is one of the most life-loving species of fish, which will frantically fight for its life, doing everything possible and impossible to get off the hook.

The common carp (common carp) belongs to the category of freshwater fish of the ray-finned class and the carp family. It is an inhabitant of the muddy bottom. In the natural environment, it took root in the reservoirs of Central Asia, Western and Central Siberia, and Kamchatka. Listed in the register of the most dangerous invasive species.

What does this fish look like, its existing species. Where can you catch it, what are its nutritional properties and calorie content?

Description and characteristics of carp, photo

Prefers stagnant or slow-flowing waters, with a hard silted bottom. It is considered an omnivorous fish. The diet changes with the seasons. In spring, preference is given to plant foods: algae, reeds, egg capsules and other aquatic flora. Do not hesitate to caviar early spawning of fish or frogs. In summer, it switches completely to animal food. It eats all the time, as it belongs to the stomachless fish.

What does a carp look like, photo

Outwardly fish resembles a carp, only has a more oily body and small scales. The body is elongated, with high back and slightly flattened sides. Reaches 60 cm in length, some grow up to 1 meter... Some individuals weigh up to 20 kg, but these are rare. The standard weight of fish is 3-5 kg, with a length of 35-40 cm.

A distinctive feature of the carp is the elongated ro T... He constantly blows bubbles to them. Therefore, it is easy for fishermen to determine the place of feeding the fish. Small tendrils hang down the sides of the upper lip. With them, he probes the bottom, for the presence of food. Round, small golden eyes. The fin runs almost along the entire ridge and has a grayish tint. The anal fin is short and brown. All other fins are distinguished by a dark purple color scheme. The dorsal and anal fins are very sharp and can cut fishing line.

The scaly cover is small, smooth, dark golden on top and lighter on the side. Each scale has a characteristic black border with a dark spot in the center. The intestine is 2-3 times longer than the body itself. Powerful three-row chewing teeth. They easily cope with plant foods, split shellfish, seed coats or other hard prey.

Varieties of carp, photo

The main type of carp is subdivided into several subspecies:

• European- inhabitant of freshwater reservoirs in Europe and Asia.
• Amurskiy- lives in the rivers of Mongolia and China, as well as in the Amur basin.
• Aral- widespread in the reservoirs of the Aral Sea basin.
• Vietnamese.
• Carp Cyprinus carpi yilmaz- found in the water area of ​​Indochina.

All representatives have minor external differences. The latter subspecies is isolated in many foreign sources.

What is the calorie content of carp

Carp meat is fatty and rather juicy. Since there are practically no small bones in the skeleton, it is popular in the culinary field. There are 98 Kcal per 100 grams of fish meat... There are no carbohydrates in the composition, and proteins and fats account for 40% and 5%, respectively, of the weight. The chemical composition of carp meat includes many useful substances: minerals, vitamins.

The most increased indicators: phosphorus, vitamin PP, chromium.

In addition, the fish is oversaturated. omega 3 fatty acids... They have a beneficial effect on the nervous and cardiovascular system organism. Improve mood, enhance brain activity... All other components are aimed at increasing the immune system, strengthening the protective functions in humans.

The right approach to cooking carp can be a solid contribution to health human body. Great benefit will be if you serve a fish dish with vegetables.

What are the beneficial properties of carp

Among all the variety of fish from the carp family, carp has a more tender and tasty meat. The absence of small bones gives it a special advantage. Larger individuals store a lot of fat, which is used for culinary purposes.

The main beneficial features fishes:

Milk and fish roe are no less useful than meat. Their beneficial effect extends to the cardiac and vascular system, brain activity. They are widely used in cosmetology for the manufacture of anti-aging masks.

Harm and contraindications

There were no particularly obvious contraindications to fish consumption. However, it should be borne in mind that this aquatic inhabitant is indiscriminate in food. His diet includes any small inhabitants of dirty reservoirs. All harmful substances and dirt accumulate inside the carp and do not disappear during heat treatment. Caution is advised for people with allergies. And also to protect your menu for pregnant and lactating women. This can be costly for the health of the child.

We present a list of the most common freshwater (river) fish. Names with photos and descriptions for each river fish: its appearance, fish taste, habitats, fishing methods, time and method of spawning.

Pike perch, like perch, prefers only clean water, saturated with oxygen and contributing to the normal functioning of fish. it clean fish without any components. The growth of zander can be up to 35 cm. Weight Limit can reach up to 20 kg. The pike-perch meat is light, without excess fat and is very tasty and pleasant. It contains a lot of minerals, such as phosphorus, chlorine, chlorine, sulfur, potassium, fluorine, cobalt, iodine, as well as a lot of vitamin R. Judging by the composition, pike perch meat is very useful.

Bersh, like pike perch, is considered a relative of the perch. It can grow up to 45 cm in length and weigh 1.4 kg. It is found in rivers that flow into the Black and Caspian Seas. His diet includes a medium-sized fish, like a gudgeon. The meat is practically the same as that of pike perch, although a little softer.

Perch prefers reservoirs with clean water. These can be rivers, ponds, lakes, reservoirs, etc. The perch is the most common predator, but you will never find it where the water is muddy and dirty. For perch fishing, rather thin gear is used. Fishing is very interesting and entertaining.

The ruff has a distinctive appearance with very spiny fins, which protects it from predators. Ruff also loves clean water, but depending on the habitat, it can change its shade. It grows in length no more than 18 cm and gains weight up to 400 grams. Its length and weight directly depend on the food supply in the pond. Its habitat extends to almost all European countries. It is found in rivers, lakes, ponds and even seas. Spawning is carried out for 2 days or more. Ruff always prefers to be at depth, as he does not like sunlight.

This fish is from the perch family, but few people know it, since it is not found in such an area. It is distinguished by an elongated fusiform body and a head with a snout protruding forward. The fish is not large, no more than one foot long. It is found mainly in the Danube River and adjacent tributaries. Her diet includes various worms, molluscs and small fish. Chop fish spawns in April with bright yellow caviar.

It is a freshwater fish that is found in almost all bodies of water on the globe, but only in those that have clean, oxygenated water. When the concentration of oxygen in the water decreases, the pike dies. The pike grows in length up to one and a half meters, with a weight of 3.5 kg. The body and head of a pike is characterized by an elongated shape. No wonder it is called an underwater torpedo. Pike spawns when the water warms up from 3 to 6 degrees. It is a predatory fish and feeds on fish of other species such as roach, etc. Pike meat is considered dietary because it contains very little fat. In addition, pike meat contains a lot of protein, which is easily absorbed by the human body. The pike can live up to 25 years. Its meat can be stewed, fried, boiled, baked, stuffed, etc.

This fish lives in ponds, lakes, rivers, reservoirs. Its color is largely determined by the composition of the water that is available in this reservoir. By appearance very similar to rudd. The diet of roach includes various algae, larvae of various insects, as well as fish fry.

With the arrival of winter, the roach goes to wintering pits. Spawns later than pike, somewhere in the end of spring. Before spawning, it is covered with large pimples. The caviar of this fish is rather small, transparent, with a green tint.

Bream is an inconspicuous fish, but its meat is characterized by excellent taste. It can be found where there is calm water or weak current. Bream lives no more than 20 years, but grows very slowly. For example, a 10-year-old specimen can gain weight no more than 3 or 4 kilograms.

Bream has a dark silvery shade. The average life expectancy is 7 to 8 years. During this period, it grows up to 41 cm in length and has an average weight of about 800 g. Bream spawns in spring.

This is a sedentary species of fish with a bluish-gray color. The silver bream lives for about 15 years and grows in length up to 35 cm, with a weight of 1.2 kg. Silver bream, like bream, grows rather slowly. Prefer bodies of stagnant water or not fast flow... In spring and autumn, silver bream gathers in numerous flocks (dense flocks), hence it got its name. It feeds on silver bream on small insects and their larvae, as well as on mollusks. Spawning occurs in late spring or early summer, when the water temperature rises to + 15 ° C - + 17 ° C. The spawning period lasts from 1 to 1.5 months. The thickened meat is considered not tasty, especially since it contains a lot of bones.

This fish has a dark yellow-golden hue. It can live up to 30 years, but already at 7-8 years its growth stops. During this time, the carp manages to grow up to 1 meter in length and gain weight of 3 kg. Carp is considered freshwater fish, but it is also found in the Caspian Sea. Its diet includes young shoots of reeds, as well as eggs of spawned fish. With the arrival of autumn, its diet expands and various insects and invertebrates begin to enter it.

This fish belongs to the carp family and can live for about a hundred years. May eat undercooked potatoes, breadcrumbs, or cake. Distinctive feature carp is the presence of a mustache. Carp is considered a voracious and voracious fish. Carp lives in rivers, ponds, lakes, reservoirs, where there is a muddy bottom. Carp loves to pass the pliable silt through its mouth, in search of various bugs and worms.

Carp spawns only when the water begins to warm up to a temperature of + 18 ° C - + 20 ° C. Can gain weight up to 9 kg. In China it is a food fish, and in Japan it is an ornamental food.

A very strong fish. Many experienced anglers are engaged in its fishing, using powerful and reliable tackle for this.

Crucian carp is the most common fish. It is found in almost all water bodies, regardless of the quality of the water and the concentration of oxygen in it. Crucian carp is able to live in bodies of water, where other fish will die immediately. It belongs to the carp family, and in appearance it is similar to a carp, but does not have a mustache. In winter, if there is very little oxygen in the water, the crucian hibernates and remains in this state until spring. Crucian carp spawns at a temperature of about 14 degrees.

The tench prefers reservoirs with dense vegetation and covered with dense duckweed. Lin is well caught from August, before the onset of real cold weather. Tench meat has excellent taste characteristics. It is not for nothing that the tench is called the royal fish. In addition to the fact that tench can be fried, baked, stewed, it makes an incredible ear.

The chub is considered a freshwater fish and is found exclusively in fast flowing rivers. It is a representative of the carp family. It grows up to 80 cm in length and can weigh up to 8 kg. It is considered a bold fish, since its diet consists of fish fry, various insects, small frogs. He prefers to be under trees and plants hanging over the water, since various living creatures very often fall into the water. Spawns at temperatures from + 12 ° C to + 17 ° C.

Its habitat includes almost all rivers and reservoirs of European states. Prefers to stay at depth, in the presence of a slow current. In winter, it shows the same activity as in summer, since it does not hibernate. It is considered a fairly hardy fish. It can have a length of 35 to 63 cm, with a weight of 2 to 2.8 kg.

Can live up to 20 years. The diet consists of both plant and animal food. Ide spawning occurs in the spring, when the water temperature is from 2 to 13 degrees.

It is also a representative of the carp family of fish species and has a dark bluish-gray color. It grows in length up to 120 cm and can reach a weight of 12 kg. Occurs in the Black and Caspian Seas. Selects fast flowing areas and avoids stagnant water.

There is a sabrefish with a silvery, grayish and yellow color. It can gain weight up to 2 kg, with a length of up to 60 cm. It can live for about 9 years.

Chekhon grows very quickly and gains weight. It is found in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and seas such as the Baltic Sea. At a young age, it feeds on zoo- and phytoplankton, and with the arrival of autumn it switches to feeding on insects.

Rudd and roach are easy to confuse, but rudd has a more attractive appearance. For 19 years of life, it is capable of gaining weight of 2.4 kg, with a length of 51 cm. It is found, for the most part, in the rivers that flow into the Caspian, Azov, Black and Aral seas.

The basis of the diet of rudd is food of plant and animal origin, but most of all he loves to eat shellfish caviar. Sufficiently healthy fish with a set of minerals such as phosphorus, chromium, as well as vitamin P, proteins and fats.

The podust has a long body and chooses areas with a fast flow. It grows in length up to 40 cm and at the same time has a weight of up to 1.6 kg. Lives podust for about 10 years. It feeds on the bottom of the reservoir, collecting microscopic algae. This fish is widespread throughout Europe. Spawns at a water temperature of 6-8 degrees.

Bleak is an ubiquitous fish known to almost anyone who has ever fished with a rod in a pond at least once. Bleak belongs to the family of carp fish species. It can grow to small sizes in length (12-15 cm) with a weight of about 100 grams. It is found in the rivers flowing into the Black, Baltic and Azov Seas, as well as in large bodies of water with clean, not stagnant water.

This is a fish, the same as bleak, but slightly smaller in size and weight. With a length of 10 cm, it can weigh only 2 grams. Able to live up to 6 years. It feeds on algae and zooplankton, while growing very slowly.

It is also referred to the family of carp fish species, and it has a spindle-shaped body. It grows in length up to 15-22 cm.It is carried out in reservoirs where there is a current and there is pure water... Gudgeon feeds on insect larvae and small invertebrates. It spawns in the spring, like most fish.

This type of fish also belongs to the carp family. It feeds practically on food of plant origin. It can grow up to 1 m 20 cm in length and weigh up to 32 kg. Differs in high growth rates. Distributed White amur around the world.

The silver carp's diet consists of microscopic particles of plant origin. It is a large representative of the carp family. It is a heat-loving fish. Silver carp has teeth that can grind vegetation. It lends itself easily to acclimatization. Silver carp is grown artificially.

Due to the fact that it grows rapidly, it is of interest for industrial breeding. It can gain up to 8 kg of weight in a short time. For the most part, it is distributed in Central Asia and China. Spawns in spring, loves water areas where there is an intense current.

This is a very large representative of freshwater reservoirs, capable of growing up to 3 meters in length and weighing up to 400 kg. Catfish has a brown tint, but does not have scales. It inhabits almost all water bodies of Europe and Russia, where there are appropriate conditions: clean water, the presence of aquatic vegetation and a suitable depth.

This is a small representative of the catfish family, which prefers small reservoirs (canals) with warm water. In our time, it was brought from America, where there is a lot of it and most of the anglers are engaged in its fishing.

It spawns when the water temperature reaches + 28 ° C. Therefore, it can be found only in the southern regions.

It is a fish from the family of river eels and prefers freshwater reservoirs. It is a snake-like predator found in the Baltic, Black, Azov and Barents Seas. Prefers to be in areas with a clay bottom. Its diet consists of small animals, crayfish, worms, larvae, snails, etc. It can grow up to 47 cm in length and gain weight up to 8 kg.

It is a heat-loving fish that is found in water bodies located in large climatic zones. Its appearance resembles a snake. A very strong fish that is not easy to catch.

It is a representative of cod-like and looks like a catfish, but it does not grow to the size of a catfish. It is a cold-loving fish that leads active image life in winter time... It also spawns during the winter months. It hunts mainly at night, while it leads a near-bottom lifestyle. Burbot is an industrial fish species.

it small fish with a long body, covered with very small scales. It can be easily confused with an eel or a snake if you have never seen it in your life. It grows in length up to 30 cm, or even more, if the growth conditions are conducive. It is found in small rivers or ponds where there is a muddy bottom. It prefers to be closer to the bottom, and on the surface it can be seen during rain or thunderstorms.

The char belongs to the salmon family of fish species. Due to the fact that the fish has no scales, it got its name. It grows to a small size. Its meat does not decrease in volume under the influence of low temperatures. It is characterized by the presence of fatty acids such as omega-3s, which are able to resist inflammation.

Lives in rivers and feeds different kinds fish. Distributed in the rivers of Ukraine. Prefers not deep-sea areas. It can grow up to 25 cm in length. Propagated by caviar, at a water temperature of + 8 ° C. After spawning, it can live no more than 2- + x years.

The life span of this fish is considered to be about 27 years. It grows in length up to 1 m 25 cm, gaining weight up to 16 kg. It is distinguished by a dark gray-brown color. V winter period practically does not feed and goes to the depth. Has a valuable commercial value.

This fish lives only in the basin of the Danube arm and is not widespread anywhere else. It belongs to the family of salmon fish species and is a unique representative of the fish fauna of Ukraine. Danube salmon is listed in the Red Book of Ukraine and it is prohibited to catch it. Can live up to 20 years, feeds mainly on small fish.

It also belongs to the salmon family and prefers rivers with turbulent currents and cold water... It grows in length from 25 to 55 cm, while gaining weight from 0.2 to 2 kg. The diet of trout includes small crustaceans and insect larvae.

It is a representative of the Evdoshkov family, reaches a size of about 10 cm, while gaining a weight of 300 grams. It is found in the basins of the Danube and Dniester rivers. At the first danger, it buries itself in the silt. Spawning takes place in March or April. Likes to eat fry and small invertebrates.

This fish is caught on an industrial scale in Edver, the Urals. Spawns at temperatures not higher than + 10 ° C. It is a predatory fish that loves fast-flowing rivers.

It is a freshwater fish species that belongs to the carp family. It grows up to 60 cm in length and gains up to 5 kg in weight. The fish has a dark color and is common in the Caspian, Black and Azov seas.

Boneless river fish

There are practically no bones:

• In the sea language.
• In fish of the sturgeon family belonging to the order of chordates.

Despite the fact that the water has a certain density, the body of the fish is ideally suited for movement in such conditions. And this applies not only to river, but also sea fish.

Typically, its body has an oblong, torpedo-like body shape. In extreme cases, her body is spindle-shaped, which facilitates unhindered movement in the water. Such fish include salmon, podust, chub, asp, sabrefish, herring, etc. In still water, most fish have a flat, flattened body on both sides. Such fish include crucian carp, bream, rudd, roach, etc.

Among the many types river fish available as peaceful fish as well as real predators. They are distinguished by the presence of sharp teeth and a wide mouth, which makes it possible to swallow fish and other animals without much difficulty. Such fish include pike, burbot, catfish, pike perch, perch and others. A predator like a pike during an attack is capable of developing a huge initial speed... In other words, she literally swallows her prey instantly. Predators such as perch always hunt in packs. The pike perch leads a bottom life and starts hunting only at night. This testifies to its uniqueness, or rather to its unique vision. He is able to see his victim in absolute darkness.

But there are also small predators that are no different large size graze. Although, such a predator like the asp does not have a huge mouth, such as that of a catfish, for example, and it feeds only on fish fry.

Many fish, depending on the habitat, can have a different shade. In addition, in different water bodies there may be a different food supply, which can significantly affect the size of the fish.

General description. The carp is a schooling fish, it has a moderately long, sometimes high body, which is covered with unusually large dark yellow-golden scales. On the back, it is darker, with a bluish tint, and on the belly it is lighter. The edge of each scale is bordered by a black stripe, and at the base there are dark specks, which give the impression that the golden field is dotted with carnations with dark caps. The dorsal fin is dark gray, the caudal fin is reddish-brown, the rest are gray with a pale purple tint. The broad dorsal fin in front is equipped with a strong, serrated, serrated ray. The same ray is also present in front of the caudal fin.

Dimensions. Average weight 3-4 kg. Reaches a length of 1 meter and a weight of 35 kg. Lives up to 30 years. The carp grows very quickly. By the end of the first year of life, its length is already about 10 cm with a weight of 25-30 g. In favorable conditions, by the end of the second year, it weighs 450-500 g, and in the third year (puberty sets in) its weight reaches 2 kg. The size of an adult carp (and he lives up to 30 years) can be 100-120 cm long with a weight of 20-25 kg or more. The usual length of the carp is 50-70 cm with a weight of 4-6 kg. Produces huge offspring. A large adult female can lay -1.5-1.8 million eggs during spawning.

Habitat. Large lakes, lower reaches of rivers, backwaters and oxbows. Likes to stand in the reeds, under trees and bushes. He loves warm water, but in all other respects he is as unpretentious as a crucian carp: he is content with an insignificant oxygen content in the water, that is, he is not very afraid of water pollution by drains. Carp can be found on steep banks, near the channel, and if the river is not wide, then in the channel itself, on a weak current at a clay or silty-clay bottom. In the lakes, the favorite habitats of the carp are the same as those of the carp. Underwater hills, saddles between the depths, the boundaries of shoals, capes above bays and creeks, deep channels with a reverse current, uneven sections of the bottom with large stones - all these are ways of exiting and returning to the carp camp.

Nutrition. Picky about food. Juvenile carp feeds on plankton (mainly crustaceans) and benthos. An adult carp is a real “pig” among fish: it eats young shoots of aquatic vegetation, worms, insect larvae and insects themselves, various crustaceans, molluscs, and even attacks juvenile fish in little forage reservoirs.

Spawning. The carp spawns in May-June at a temperature of 16-19 ° C. They feed at temperatures no lower than 14-15 ° C. At such a water temperature, in some water bodies in the spring, before spawning, a short-term intense carp food is observed, but in most water bodies it remains unnoticed. Sexual maturity is 5-6 years old.

Breeding. In our reservoirs, three forms of fast-growing carp (domesticated carp) are bred: common, mirror and naked carp. All of them are slightly more humpbacked than a carp. Common carp have larger scales. But it is colored much lighter than that of the carp. In youth, the common carp is very similar to the goldfish. However, they are easy to distinguish in two ways. The carp have a more elongated body, and on the yellow fleshy lips there are two pairs of sensitive antennae, which the carp do not have. An adult carp can no longer be confused with anyone. Mirror carp sharply differs from all other subspecies in its naked body: it either has no scales at all, or the scales are scattered in places, 3-7 pieces each. In naked carp, the scales are located on the body in chains: along the ridge from head to tail and along the lower part of the body. Carp has many economically valuable advantages - relative unpretentiousness to environmental conditions, omnivorous, rapid growth, high fat content of meat. V artificial reservoirs he is the main fish. When compiling a diet with artificial breeding it is important to correctly calculate the amount of feed, because when overfeeding, the fish will ignore the bait, which will lead to a significant decrease in catch, and if underfeeding, it will have a small size and "non-marketable" appearance. Mixed feed recipes and their amount must be changed quite often, based on the amount of fish, its composition, season and a number of other factors.

Carp fishing. Fishing for carp is similar to fishing for carp. The carp keeps warm standing water, in pits, whirlpools and bays with a muddy bottom, near reeds and snags. In summer, at a depth of about 5 meters, in autumn - 10, and even deeper in winter. You can catch carp all year round but the best time is after spawning. The most active bite in the morning and in the evening, if there is no strong wind and pressure drop.

In summer, carp is caught with a float rod with a reel, a donk, an onboard fishing rod, and a line. In winter they catch on winter float rods, fishing rods with rings with a spinning or multiplier reel that dampens fish jerks. Tackle must be strong, better fit braided fishing line at least 50 meters long.

Nozzles in summer: millet, corn, grain, cereals, bran, cake, boiled potatoes, dough, bread, boilies, reed shoots, sometimes pecks on maggots and live bait, after rain on an earthworm. In winter - bloodworms, worms, burdock moth larvae, crayfish meat. They catch carp without a bait, on a spoon or a jig.

You can feed carp with corn, porridge, breadcrumbs, seeds, cake, boiled potatoes, as well as carp bait. Catching large specimens requires regular bait for several days or even weeks.

When playing, the carp resists for a long time and often breaks off the hook.