), we note the most famous cases of the manifestation of Fair Play.
Random goals.
Amsterdam “Ajax” in the 2005/2006 season in the Dutch Cup met with a modest “Cambuyur. In one of the episodes, when the footballer of “Ajax” was injured, the players of “Cambuyur” knocked the ball out of the field. Returning the ball to the opponents, the player of the capital club accidentally scored a goal ... Shrugging out his hands to the sides, the Amsterdamites did not find a better solution than letting the opponents score a goal in return ...
Likewise, the only goal was accidentally scored by the players of the Lithuanian Vetra in the game against the Norwegian Viking in the qualifying game for the UEFA Cup. However, unlike Ajax, the Lithuanians did not allow the score to be equalized.
A similar case, with a slightly altered cause, occurred last year in Italy in Serie B during the Ascoli and Regina encounters.
At the beginning of the first half, Regina's player Carlos Valdez pulled a muscle and tried to knock the ball out-of-bounds to be given medical assistance... Ignoring these intentions, Ascoli's player intercepted the ball and organized a goal attack. This was followed by a trial and the removal of Regina's defender Andrea Costa. Main coach Ascoli demanded that their players concede a goal for justice to prevail
A similar case occurred in the Catalan derby Barcelona - Espanyol, however, among children.
"I don't need your fake penalty."
There are many cases when players challenge their own penalty kicks. The reverse situations, when the players who have earned the penalty spot, do not agree with the referee's gift - to count on one hand.
Within the framework of Romanian championship in football - “Rapid” from Bucharest hosted “Otselul”. When the score was 2: 0 in the 63rd minute, the hosts' midfielder Kostin Lazar, bursting into the penalty area, came across the resistance of the defender, who took the ball away from him in a subcategory. The referee did not hesitate to point to the point, but Lazar began to violently refuse the penalty. The episode ended with the referee nominating a held ball at the corner of the penalty area, and the hosts knocked the shell out of the front.
Liverpool fans should remember the episode involving forward Robbie Fowler. In the match against Arsenal, referee Gerald Ashby awarded a penalty for a foul by David Seaman. After that, Robbie tried to convince the referee that Seaman did not touch him, and there was no violation, but the referee did not cancel his decision. They say, before Fowler came to the point, he told Simen in which corner he would hit
The match ended in a 2-1 victory for Liverpool, and FIFA presented Fowler with the Fair Play award at the end of the 1996-1997 season.
Episode starts at 2:13
Andrei Arshavin was also noted for his thirst for justice.
"Where did we end up there?"
August 2007 - The FA Cup match between Nottingham Forest and Leicester City was canceled after Clive Clarke, the visiting footballer, felt unwell during the break and was admitted to hospital with a heart attack. By that time, “Leicester” was leading 1-0, and on the day of the replay, the players of “Nottingham” allowed the goalkeeper of the guests to restore the status quo without hindrance, since the rules of the Cup did not instruct the teams to start the game with the same score at which it was interrupted
"I will not score! It hurts the man ..."
Match “Everton” and “West Ham” was overshadowed by the injury of the goalkeeper “toffee”, which, nevertheless, was ignored by the players of the “hammer”. The continuation of the attack in the performance of the Londoners promised them (taking into account the empty goal) a goal-completion, but Paolo Di Canio, who could shoot on goal, preferred to catch the ball with his hands (risking a card) than to complete the combination, ignoring the torment of the opponent ...
An Iranian player named Amin with a difficult to pronounce last name also received a Fair Play award when he refused to complete a dangerous attack.
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Fair Play
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fair Play (Fair play in English uses the concept of sportsmanship (English) - an approximate translation of "Fair play") - a set of ethical and moral laws based on the individual's inner conviction of nobility and fairness in sports.
A handshake is an elementary manifestation of fair play
Fair play principles include
Respect for the opponent
Respect for the rules and decisions of the judges - make all decisions of the judges and challenge them correctly in a separate order
Doping and any artificial stimulation cannot be used.
Equal chances - all athletes at the start of the competition can equally expect to win
Self-control of an athlete - restraining his emotions, being able to adequately perceive any outcome of the fight.
These principles constitute sporting behavior and deny victory at any cost.
The world fair play movement is led by CIPSS - the International Council for Sports Science and physical education(ICSSPE The International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education) founded in 1958. There are many different organizations that support fair play at all levels.
At the CIPSS in 1964, the CIFP (Committee International for Fair Play) committee was formed.
The European Fair Play Movement was founded in 1992 as a division of the EOC (European Olympic Committee).
The Russian Fair Play Committee (RCFP), as a subdivision of the NOC of Russia, was formed in 1992.
With all the largest national Olympic committees and the world's largest federations for individual sports such as FIFA (UEFA), IAAF, FIVB and others have special divisions that promote and defend the ideas of fair play.
The main tasks of fair play organizations at all levels are:
Promotion of ideas and principles of fair play, especially among children and youth sports.
Rewarding athletes and teams with prizes. Thus, in 2004, Alexey Nemov received a special CIFP prize.
The origin of the concept is not related to sports, but rather to ethical medieval concepts that go back to the rules of knightly duels. For the first time the phrase fair play is used by Shakespeare in The Life and Death King John.
The modern interpretation of the concept refers to the formation of modern sports as a competition within the framework of established rules in Victorian England of the 19th century. At that time sports were mostly a hobby of the middle and upper class classes. For them, going in for sports was rather an entertainment that did not bring income. Then a certain gentleman's code was formed, for which the main thing is the process, not the result.
Further development of the concept refers to the development of the modern Olympic movement at the end of the 19th century. The humanistic ideas laid down by Baron Coubertin were carried to modern sport disinterested, purely competitive, beginning, contributing to the development of an athlete and a person as a harmonious personality.
Combining sport with culture and education, Olympism seeks to create a way of life based on the joy of effort, on the educational value of good example and on respect for universal basic ethical principles.
- Olympic Charter
Already Coubertin himself and the founders of the modern Olympic movement were forced to admit numerous cases of fraud and not sports behavior from the side of athletes. Including in this regard, in 1920 at Olympic Games in Antwerp, the Olympic oath of athletes was first introduced.
With the growing popularity of sports in the world, it has become increasingly difficult to follow the basic Olympic principle of strict amateur status for athletes. As the stakes have increased, athletes have become all over the place to hide their true professional status or pursue careers as professionals. High performance sports infrastructure, nurturing a world-class athlete, highlighting major sports forums in the media - all this requires significant investment and contradicts the notion of an athlete as an “amateur”.
By the middle of the 20th century, a dialectical opposition between sports and "fair play" emerged. On the one hand, the ancient idealistic concept of an athlete improving himself as a person. On the other hand, there is a cynical approach to sports: victory at any cost, using deception, doping and biased refereeing. The modern post-industrial society is less and less associated with sport with play and entertainment. On the contrary, in the public mind, sport is associated with business.
Sport is an expression of hatred for each other ... This is the last opportunity that our civilization provides two people for physical aggression. Sport is the closest area of human activity to war
- Ronald Reagan
Despite the deep contradictions of the idea of fair play, most experts see no alternative to it. Without a set of ethical laws, sport loses its meaning and attractiveness. Fair play axiologically justifies sport, transferring it from the consumer sphere to the area of the highest spiritual values of a person.
An example of truly sporting behavior was the act of the captain of the USSR national football team Igor Netto. In the group stage match of the 1962 World Cup, the USSR national team met with the Uruguay national team. Netto drew the referee's attention to the fact that the ball scored by the Soviet team flew into the goal of the Uruguayans through a hole in the net, on the side of the post, and should not be counted. The referee canceled the goal (although the USSR team won this match).
The first athlete awarded for fair play was the Italian bobsledder Eugenio Monti, who helped win with his own hands several times olympic gold to their rivals.
Fair play (translated from English) is a set of moral and ethical rules that apply. This code is intended to make sports fair and fair.
The basic principle of fair play is respect for the opponent, for the referees and for the rules of the game. Athletes are ordered to make all decisions of the arbitrators, challenging them in a special manner and as correctly as possible.
Fair play prohibits the use of doping and any other means of artificial stimulation. The rules of fair play stipulate that athletes must have an equal chance of winning at the start of the competition. At the same time, participants are advised to restrain emotions and adequately accept the results of the competition.
Fair play history
This concept began to emerge in the era of the formation of modern sports, in the 19th century. Then sport competitions were carried out mainly between representatives of the middle and upper strata of society. There were certain principles of behavior of a gentleman who paid more attention to the very process of the game than to its result.
Fair play was developed in the Olympic movement, which promoted humanistic ideas, sought to make it disinterested and direct it to the formation of a harmonious personality.
Organization of movement
Globally, the fair play movement is coordinated by the International Council for Sports Science and Physics (ICSSPE), which was established in 1958. Special divisions promoting the idea of fair play also exist under the Olympic committees. different countries and international federations individual sports. Close attention is paid to the work on the dissemination of fair play norms in children and youth.
Examples of fair play
V sports world there have been many instances where competitors followed fair play principles. However, a classic example of nobility in sports is the act of the USSR national team player Igor Netto.
In 1962, the Soviet team played a group stage match of the World Cup with the national team of Uruguay. National team Soviet Union scored a goal for the Latin Americans, but the ball ended up in the net, flying through the hole formed in it. The ball should not have been counted, which was indicated by Netto to the referee. As a result, the goal was rightly canceled, but the USSR team still won that match.
There is such a document - The UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations. It occupies more than 90 pages and in recent times is increasingly mentioned in the press. Let's turn to the original source and figure out what's what.
Last week, the blog posted a translation of material from again The Swiss Ramble's blog about Manchester City, or rather their sponsorship deal with title sponsor Etihad Airways for 400 million pounds.
First of all, a few words about the original source. The Swiss Ramblе blog itself modestly reports: "Usually writes about the business of football". When I created this blog, to my shame, I did not know about the existence of such a resource, even the name somehow came by itself. Now I, at least, have something to strive for - a sea of information, everything is laid out on the shelves, accessible, visual, topical. In a word, I recommend it to everyone interested!
Now let's get back to financial rules.
At their core, they resemble an agreement with a Western bank: football club a large number of obligations are imposed, violating which he is deprived of the right to play in European competitions. Although the main goals of this document are declared as "improving financial condition, stimulating self-sufficiency and reasonable spending, supporting sustainability, etc.", for many teams it will be problematic to meet all the requirements.
First of all, a football club must have:
- youth football development program. In addition to the main team, you need to have two teams from 15 to 21 years old, two teams from 10 to 14 years old, one team up to 10 years old. Moreover, all players must be registered with UEFA, the base players must undergo a special medical examination every year, and the captain of the main squad and the head coach (or their deputies) must take part in UEFA's “advanced training” events.
- Anti-racism policy.
- Accredited stadium and training base. For example, the Spartak stadium in Vladikavkaz received permission to host the 3rd qualifying round of the Europa League between Alania and Aktobe only from the third time.
- Administrative resource, namely: a qualified back office, CEO, CFO, PR manager, doctor, security officer, stewards, a separate service for interaction with UEFA - a separate paragraph is devoted to each of these competencies.
Let's dwell on financial criteria in detail.
First, each football club must provide UEFA with a detailed legal structure in the form of a diagram, including all subsidiaries and affiliates. In addition to the name of legal entities, it is necessary to indicate the amount of capital, assets and proceeds there. It is specifically stipulated that all cash flows associated with players' salaries and transfers must be reflected in the accounting of one of the companies present in the diagram. The motivation here is simple - in UEFA they want to see the full picture and, first of all, this concerns the main cost component of any club - the cost and salaries of the players.
Secondly, you will need audited statements consisting of: balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, explanatory note and general financial overview from management. At the same time, no club can any longer afford to have arrears on transfers, wages and taxes.
Moreover, it will be necessary to report not only on past periods, but also on future ones. UEFA is interested in two criteria: going concern, or confirmation that the club will continue to exist, and the deterioration in net liabilities (liabilities exceeds assets) compared to the previous reporting period.
Finally, the most important condition- break-even requirement - or literally - the requirement of payback. Let's make a reservation right away that it does not apply to two types of clubs:
- Clubs participating in the tournament for sporting merit and with special UEFA approval. The FIFA Order of Dignity was awarded to two clubs - Real Madrid and Sheffield (the most old club in the world, founded in 1857). Real Madrid remain lucrative so far, although UEFA President Michel Platini has already said that the club's excessive transfers pose a serious challenge to the very idea of financial fair play. As for Sheffield, he plays in the eighth division of England and, probably, is still busy with somewhat different problems.
- Clubs with revenues and expenses below € 5 million.
So, let's get down to the essence of financial fair play. The general meaning of this rule is to limit the size of the loss and the transition of all clubs to self-sufficiency. Teams that do not meet UEFA requirements will not be eligible to compete in European competition. The new rule will be applied for the first time in the 2013/2014 season. In this case, for the first time, the financial results of not one year, but two years will be taken into account: 2012 and 2013. In the future, it will be necessary to summarize the results for three periods. For example, the 2015/2016 season should reflect the results of 2013, 2014 and 2015. In the text of the rules, there are a few more exceptions in terms of calculation periods, but they mainly relate to the transition period. The general principle will be as follows: in the year of the beginning of the tournament and for the two previous years, the total loss of the club should not exceed 5 million euros.
Another very important nuance concerns the restrictions imposed on the amount of funding from the team owners. Club shareholders and related parties have the right to cover losses and contribute to the club's capital:
- no more than € 45 million in the seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015;
- no more than € 30 million in the seasons 2015/2016, 2016/2017, 2017/2018;
- further reduction is also planned, which one is not yet determined.
Overall, UEFA requires compliance with the following covenants:
- Auditor's confirmation of going concern.
- No deterioration in terms of net liabilities (negative equity).
- Payback requirement (break-even result).
- No overdue payables.
Clubs that violate these rules will be deprived of the opportunity to play in European competition. In addition, the clubs may require Additional Information with subsequent sanctions if:
- employee benefits exceed 70% of total revenue;
- net debt exceeds 100% of total revenue.
The entry into force of the new rules is just around the corner, and Manchester City and Chelsea are most often named among the first clubs to fail to meet financial fair play requirements.
The former said he plans to renew the current agreement with title sponsor Etihad Airways. The amount of the contract has not yet been disclosed and fluctuates between 100 and 400 million pounds. Moreover, even the lower limit is already a record for world football.
In fact, these are the deals that UEFA is fighting against. The main complaint against the club is: “the contract has nothing to do with football, is not beneficial for Etihad, the amount is not justified in any way, the main objective- close the hole in the budget. "
In addition to the amount of the contract itself, it is also important who will provide the money. In the case of Manchester City, this is Etihad Airways, which belongs to the government of Abu Dhabi and is run by Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the half-brother of the team owner Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan.
The criteria for affiliation are very clear in the UEFA rules: close family members are considered affiliates if one of them has significant influence over the club.
A separate topic is the fair value of the transaction. Is £ 400m Fair for the Abu Dhabi Government? Who is ready to answer this question? Finally, the maximum contribution limit is still capped at 45 million, so any questions about equity should not go beyond that.
In any case, it turns out that if the new rules came into force now, Manchester City would hardly pass the UEFA test.
Very interesting to look at Russian clubs... Something tells me that not everyone will pass the test. So far, no comments have been received from them, we will wait.
Fair play
Fair Tribe(eng. fair play- an approximate translation of "fair play"; also in English the concept is used sportsmanship) - a set of ethical and moral laws based on the individual's inner conviction of nobility and fairness in sports.
Principles fair play include
- · Respect for the opponent
- · Respect for the rules and decisions of the referees- make all decisions of the judges and challenge them correctly in a separate order
- · Doping and any artificial stimulation cannot be used.
- · Equal chances- all athletes at the start of the competition can equally expect to win
- · Athlete self-control- restraining your emotions, be able to adequately perceive any outcome of the fight.
These principles constitute sports behavior and deny victory at any cost
Organization. The fair play movement on a global scale is led by the ICSSPE The International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education, founded in 1958. There are many different organizations that support fair play at all levels.
- · At CIPS in 1964, the CIFP (Committee International for Fair Play) committee was formed.
- · The organization "European movement Fair play" was formed in 1992 as a division of the EOC (European Olympic Committee).
- · The Russian Fair Play Committee (RCFP), as a subdivision of the NOC of Russia, was formed in 1992.
With all the largest national Olympic committees and the largest world federations for individual sports such as FIFA (UEFA), IAAF, FIVB and others, there are special units that promote and defend the ideas of fair play.
The main tasks of fair play organizations at all levels are:
- · Promotion of ideas and principles of fair play, especially among children and youth sports.
- · Rewarding athletes and teams with prizes. So, in 2004, he received a special CIFP prize.
History. The origin of the concept is not related to sports, but rather to ethical medieval concepts that go back to the rules of knightly duels. For the first time the phrase fair play is used by Shakespeare in The Life and Death King John.
Modern interpretation The concept refers to the rise of modern sport as a rule-based competition in 19th century Victorian England. At that time sports were mostly a hobby of the middle and upper class classes. For them, going in for sports was rather an entertainment that did not bring income. Then a certain gentleman's code was formed, for which the main thing is the process, not the result.
Further development of the concept refers to the development of the modern Olympic movement at the end of the 19th century. The humanistic ideas laid down by Baron Coubertin carried an unselfish, purely competitive principle into modern sport, contributing to the development of an athlete and a person as a harmonious personality.
Combining sport with culture and education, Olympism seeks to create a way of life based on the joy of effort, on the educational value of good example and on respect for universal basic ethical principles.
Already Coubertin himself and the founders of the modern Olympic movement were forced to admit numerous cases of fraud and unsportsmanlike behavior on the part of athletes. Including in this regard, in 1920 at the Olympic Games in Antwerp, the Olympic oath of athletes was first introduced.
With the growing popularity of sports in the world, it has become increasingly difficult to follow the basic Olympic principle of strict amateur status for athletes. As the stakes have increased, athletes have become all over the place to hide their true professional status or pursue careers as professionals. The infrastructure for high-performance sports, the upbringing of a world-class athlete, and media coverage of major sports forums all require significant investment and contradict the notion of an amateur athlete. respect unsportsmanlike athlete game
By the middle of the 20th century, a dialectical opposition between sports and "fair play" emerged. On the one hand, the ancient idealistic concept of an athlete improving himself as a person. On the other hand, there is a cynical approach to sports: victory at any cost, using deception, doping and biased refereeing. The modern post-industrial society is less and less associated with sport with play and entertainment. On the contrary, in the public mind, sport is associated with business.
Sport is an expression of hatred for each other ... This is the last opportunity that our civilization provides two people for physical aggression. Sport is the closest area of human activity to war
Despite the deep contradictions of the idea of fair play, most experts see no alternative to it. Without a set of ethical laws, sport loses its meaning and attractiveness. Fair play axiologically justifies sport, transferring it from the consumer sphere to the area of the highest spiritual values of a person. ...
An example truly sporting behavior was the act of the captain of the USSR national football team Igor Netto. In the group stage match of the 1962 World Cup, the USSR national team met with the Uruguay national team. Netto drew the referee's attention to the fact that the ball scored by the Soviet team flew into the goal of the Uruguayans through a hole in the net, on the side of the post, and should not be counted. The referee canceled the goal (although the USSR team won this match).