Privy Councilor, founder and honorary member of the Imperial Russian Technical Society, b. in Taganrog on October 4, 1829, d. July 12, 1889 in Paris. Educated at St. Petersburg University, where, in 1849, he graduated from the course in the department of cameral sciences of the Faculty of Law with a candidate's degree. From March 4, 1851, he was an assistant inspector, and from 1857 he was a class inspector at the St. Petersburg Institute of Technology (at that time not yet a higher educational institution), and in 1853 he temporarily taught geography there, and from 1854 Mr. read the statistics. Sent abroad in 1856 to inspect technical educational institutions and to prepare for the department of chemical technology, Andreev, in the laboratory of the famous chemist Bunsen, in Heidelberg, made a study on the specific gravity and expansion of condensed gases of sulfuric acid, ammonia, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. This study is published in Annalen der Chimie und Pharmacie (Bd. IX, 1, 1859) and is entitled: "Ueber das specifische Gewicht und Ausdehnung einiger condensirter Gase". In 1857 Andreev was summoned to St. Petersburg, before the end of the business trip, to fulfill the duties of a class inspector at a technological institute. The fruit of Andreev's business trip abroad was his article in 1858: "Review of Teaching in German Polytechnic Schools", published in the "Journal of Manufactures and Trade" for the month of May, and a plan for transforming the St. Petersburg Institute of Technology from a secondary to a higher educational institution; This plan, supplemented by observations of the course of educational affairs in the technical institutions of France, Belgium and England, was subsequently put into practice. In 1860, in the month of April, Andreev, leaving his studies at the Institute of Technology, was assigned to the Department of Manufactures and Internal Trade of the Ministry of Finance, with an instruction from the government to consider the issue of levying an excise tax on sugar beet sand prepared in Russia. Andreev studied this issue in detail, making, as a technologist for the excise part, in 1860 and 1861, trips to factories in Russia, the result of which was his work: "On beet sugar production", published in the "Review various branches of the manufacturing industry in Russia "(St. Petersburg, 1862, vol. I). Within two years (1861 and 1862), Professor Ilyenkov's "Course of Chemical Technology" was published, in 2 parts, revised and supplemented by Andreev so thoroughly that, according to Academicians Fritzsche and Zinin, he was awarded for this work Malaya Demidov prize. From 1862 to 1864, Andreev edited the technical department of the journal "Russian Craftsman", where he posted several articles, of which the most remarkable: "Liquid or soluble glass", "Aluminum or glivium", "Wood and its processing", "Metal alloys", "Letters from the London World Exhibition", etc. In 1865-1866. Andreev edited the "Journal of Manufactures and Trade", in which he also published a number of articles: on sugar beet production, aniline and aniline dyes, on the development of peat bogs and peat, on cotton processing, on paraffin, alloys and many small articles. From 1863 to 1878, Andreev held the department of agricultural technology at the Agricultural (now Forestry) Institute, where he was also a dean, after which he was appointed a member of the council of the Ministry of Finance. Service in a technological institute and acquaintance with similar institutes abroad contributed to the fact that all subsequent activities of Andreev were devoted to technical and, mainly, school issues, in theoretical and practical development. Our Russian technical society owes its birth mainly to Andreev, in cooperation with a few comrades. The idea of establishing such a society originated in him initially in the form of a desire to establish a live connection between technologists scattered throughout Russia. Upon the establishment of the technical society (1866), the development of questions on technical education was also included in its program. Paying attention primarily to the establishment of schools for children of artisans and Sunday classes for artisans, the society opened, on March 9, 1869, its first school at the Warsaw Railway, and Andreev, who made a report on the spread of technical education, was appointed a member of the commission for school leadership. Finding that technology needs not only engineers, or persons at the head of factories and factories, but also performers, otherwise average figures, Andreev, at the end of April 1868, presented to the society a report "On the Education of Masters", in which he made overview of existing institutions in Western Europe... This report prompted a proposal to establish at the technical society a permanent commission on technical education, which elected Andreev as its rapporteur, combining in one person the duties of both the chairman and the secretary. The plan of teaching in the lower technical schools that he had drawn up was, with some changes, approved by the commission on March 12, 1869. On his initiative, in May 1874, the following were made in the society: Professor Janson's report on the work of minors in factories in connection with the issue of the education of these workers, and a report on the same subject by A.G. Nebolsin, which served as the basis for the occupation of a special, chaired by Andreev, commission that developed a draft law on the work of minors, which was taken into account by the government when the law was passed on June 1, 1882. All the factual data on the development of questions about the education of youngsters and adolescents who are engaged in factories and factories, and about measures to restrict work are contained in Andreev's voluminous book: "The Labor of Minors in Russia and Western Europe" (St. Petersburg, 1884). The commission is also indebted to him for initiating and working out the question of increasing the benefits brought to industry by the students of our higher technical schools. This question, raised by Andreev at the 1875 congress of machine builders, served a lot to clarify the tasks of higher technical schools. Wishing to present to the technical society and everyone interested in the activities of the commission, a complete and holistic review of the entire system of our school education, both general and special, Andreev undertook a series of readings on the current state and real tasks of our educational institutions - readings, subsequently published as a separate book under with the title "Schooling in Russia" (St. Petersburg, 1882). After Andreev's death, in his papers, among other things, a note was found "On real and vocational schools", compiled in 1887; this note was placed in the journal" Technical Education "(1892, No. 1, October). Andreev's many-sided theoretical activity in technical education did not prevent him, however, from leading the establishment of many schools: two Narva, two Vasileostrovsky , Putilovskaya, the school of the Intercession Brotherhood, and specially craft: the school of foremen, the printing business and the Sunday evening school for workers. provisions on women's vocational schools, partly implemented in the schools of Korobova, Messing and others established with the assistance of the society.In 1878, a commission for the study of the handicraft industry in Russia was formed under the council of trade and manufactories.Andreev took an active part in its work, being at first a representative from the Ministry of Finance, and then the chairman of the commission. ores of the Commission for the Study of the Handicraft Industry of Russia ", posted by Andreev" Review of the Development of Handicrafts "and" Short review actions of the commission for the study of handicrafts in Russia. "With the closure of this commission (1886) Andreev was elected to the chairman of the handicraft department, specially formed under the society for the promotion of Russian industry and trade. As chairman of this department, he attended exhibitions: Copenhagen (1887) and Paris (1889), as the organizer of mainly our handicrafts. The very regulations on these schools were published in 1884. In 1884 he took over the chairmanship of the 1st department of the Russian technical society.In the first year of his chairmanship, the technical and chemical department was engaged in the development of independently initiated questions about the Transcaucasian oil pipelines, about organization and activities of the congress of starch producers, about the device at the society of chemical-technical laboratories, etc. He died in Paris at the world exhibition, where he was sent as the general commissar of the Russian department.
"50th Anniversary of St. Petersburg Technological Institute", pp. 144, 146, 151, 186, 187 and 400. "35th Anniversary of E. N. Andreev". Special meeting of the permanent commission on technical education (reports by Stolpyansky and Abramov) St. Petersburg. 1886 "Technical Education" 1892 No. 1 and No. 2 (October and November). - Encyclopedia. dictionaries: Berezin, Garbel, Efron, Toll, Russian scholars. and letter, (vol. IV), Vengerova, vol. I, pp. 555-559. Obituaries: "Novoye Vremya" 1889 on July 15th and "News" in 1889 on July 14th.
(Polovtsov)
Andreev, Evgeny Nikolaevich
Technologist and prominent figure in the teaching field. Genus. in Taganrog in 1829; after graduating from the course on the cameral department of law. Faculty of St. Petersburg University, was first (1857) an inspector of the Technological Institute, then took the department of agricultural technology at the Forestry Institute (1863-1878) and then was a member of the council of the Ministry of Finance. At the same time, since the sixties, A. has been one of the active members of the "Russian Technical Society" and its secretary, and the commission on technical education that opened on his initiative at the Technical Society, in which he chaired almost until his death, directly owes him brilliant results in the case of technical education. Thanks to A., a whole network of schools for the education of masters has been put on the right foundations. Having secured this business, A. took up the handicraft industry and, having become the chairman of this commission, took an active part in the work of the "Society for the Promotion of Russian Trade and Industry." A working life aimed at improving the living conditions of the working people, as well as many of his studies on chemistry and technology and on general pedagogical issues, brought him public respect and appreciation. A. † in July 1889 at the Paris World Exhibition, where he was the commissar of its Russian department (Compare Vengerova, "Critical-Biographical Dictionary", I, 555).
(Brockhaus)
Andreev, Evgeny Nikolaevich
(04.09.1926-09.02.2000) - Honored Test Parachutist of the USSR (1985), Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1963), Hero of the Soviet Union (1962), Colonel. In 1947-1986 he tested parachutes, ejection seats and spacesuits at the Air Force Research Institute. He tested more than 200 parachute systems, made 4800 parachute jumps, of which 8 were record jumps. The only parachutist who jumped from a height of 25500 m (from the Volga balloon on 01.11.62, he fell to 1000 m without opening the parachute). Author of the book "The Sky Around Me".
- - Andreev Leonid Nikolaevich, writer. In 1891-92 he was in Moscow in transit. In 1893, expelled for non-payment from St. Petersburg University, he transferred to the law faculty of Moscow University ...
Moscow (encyclopedia)
- - Andreev Nikolai Nikolaevich, physicist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, founder of the scientific school of acoustics, Hero of Socialist Labor. Graduated from the University of Basel ...
Moscow (encyclopedia)
- - Privy Councilor, founder and honorary member of the Imperial Russian Technical Society, b. in Taganrog on October 4, 1829, d. July 12, 1889 in Paris ...
- - Full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Department of General Biology, Director of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences; was born on November 5, 1931 in the city of Saratov; graduated from the Agricultural Academy. K. A. Timiryazeva in 1954 ...
Big biographical encyclopedia
- - see Andreeva's article ...
Biographical Dictionary
- - Andreev, Leonid Nikolaevich, gifted writer. Born in Oryol in 1871. His father, a son by blood of a leader of the nobility and a serf girl, was a land surveyor; mother of Polish descent ...
Biographical Dictionary
- - ANDR'EEV Leonid Nikolaevich, Rus. Writer...
Lermontov Encyclopedia
- - - worker and technical education worker in Russia, teacher ...
Pedagogical terminological dictionary
- - Soviet paratrooper, colonel, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, Honored Test Parachutist of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union. Graduated from the Airborne School in Alma-Ata ...
Encyclopedia of technology
- - Writer. Studied at Inst. railway engineers. He served in various departments ...
- - a technologist and a prominent figure in the teaching field. Genus. in Taganrog in 1829; after graduating from the course in the cameral department of legal ...
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
- - famous writer. Genus. in Orel in 1871; his father was a land surveyor. He studied at the Oryol gymnasium and at the universities of St. Petersburg and Moscow, at the Faculty of Law. He badly needed a student ...
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron
- - Russian writer. Graduated from the Law Faculty of Moscow University. He began to publish as a feuilletonist in 1895 ...
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- - test parachutist, Hero of the Soviet Union. I tested parachute systems, spacesuits and other means ...
- - Russian plant immunologist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Basic research on the physiology of relationships between plants and phytopathogenic organisms ...
Big encyclopedic dictionary
- - Russian writer. The early stories were democratic and realistic. Sympathizing with the revolutionaries, he portrayed the revolution as a spontaneous rebellion ...
Big encyclopedic dictionary
"Andreev, Evgeny Nikolaevich" in books
Roman Senchin LOOKING INTO ABOUT Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev (1871-1919)
From the book Literary Matrix. A textbook written by writers. Volume 2 author Buksha KseniaANDREEV Leonid Nikolaevich
From the book The Silver Age. A portrait gallery of cultural heroes at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries. Volume 1. AI the author Fokin Pavel EvgenievichANDREEV Leonid Nikolaevich 9 (21) .8.1871 - 12.9.1919 Prozaik, playwright, publicist. Publications in magazines and newspapers "Courier", "Magazine for all", "Life", "Pravda" and others, almanacs "Rosehip", "Torches", collections of "Knowledge", "Earth", etc. Separate publications: " Stories "(St. Petersburg, 1902;
Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev 1871-1919
From book Summary works of Russian literature of the first half of the XX century (collection 2) author Janko SlavaLeonid Nikolaevich Andreev 1871-1919 The life of Vasily of Thebes - Story (1903) Father Vasily built his life like an ant - a grain of sand to a grain of sand: he married, became a priest, gave birth to a son and a daughter. After seven years, life crumbled to dust. His son drowned in the river, a wife with grief
Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev
From the book All the masterpieces of world literature in a summary. Plots and characters. Russian literature of the XX century author Novikov VILeonid Nikolaevich Andreev The life of Vasily of Thebes Story (1903) How an ant - a grain of sand to a grain of sand - Father Vasily built his life: he married, became a priest, gave birth to a son and a daughter. After seven years, life crumbled to dust. His son drowned in the river, a wife with grief
Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev
From the book of Aphorisms the author Ermishin OlegLeonid Nikolaevich Andreev (1871-1919) writer Fight is the joy of life. When one honest person is beaten, all honest people must experience pain, indignation, and torment of trampled human dignity. Lying to oneself is the most widespread
Andreev Leonid Nikolaevich
TSBAndreev Nikolay Nikolaevich
From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (AN) of the author TSBAndreev-Burlak Vasily Nikolaevich
From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (AN) of the author TSBANDREEV, Leonid Nikolaevich
From the book Big Dictionary of Quotes and Expressions the authorANDREEV, Leonid Nikolaevich (1871–1919), writer 209 And me! And I! The Abyss Story III (1902)? Andreev, 1: 363 Two villains attack a defenseless girl; the third one shouts to them from afar: “And me! And I!" 210 Someone in gray, called Him. A character in the play "Life of a Man" (1907)? Andreev, 2: 443 211 It is necessary that
ANDREEV LEONID NIKOLAEVICH
From the book Dictionary of Aphorisms of Russian Writers the author Tikhonov Alexander NikolaevichANDREEV LEONID NIKOLAEVICH Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev (1871-1919). Russian writer. Author of stories, including "Bergamot and Garaska", " Grand slam"," Thought "," Red Laughter "," Governor "," Judas Iscariot "," Darkness "," My Notes "; novel-pamphlet "The Diary of Satan", plays, articles
ANDREEV Leonid Nikolaevich (1871-1919), writer
From the book Dictionary of Modern Quotes the author Dushenko Konstantin VasilievichANDREEV Leonid Nikolaevich (1871-1919), writer 57 And me! and I. Story "The Abyss", III (1902) Two villains attack a defenseless girl; the third one shouts to them from afar: “And me! and
Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev (August 9 (21), 1870 - September 12, 1919)
From the book History of Russian Literature of the XX century. Volume I. 1890s - 1953 [In the author's edition] the author Petelin Viktor VasilievichLeonid Nikolaevich Andreev (August 9 (21), 1870 - September 12, 1919) Born into a wealthy family of land surveyor-taxator Nikolai Ivanovich Andreev (1847-1889) and Anastasia Nikolaevna Patskovskaya (1851-1920), an early orphaned daughter of a Polish landowner. Grandfather, leader of Orlovsky
Evgeny Andreev WITHOUT MASK
From the book Newspaper Tomorrow 323 (6 2000) author Tomorrow NewspaperEvgeny Andreev WITHOUT A MASK In all the previous special issues "Project" Putin "we patiently, in detail and impartially peered at the one who, in an unprecedentedly short time, by the will of either chance or someone's plan, found himself at the very top of Russian power.
Evgeny Andreev BESY FROM TOBACCO
From the book Newspaper Tomorrow 427 (4 2002) author Tomorrow NewspaperLeonid Nikolaevich Andreev
From the book Faith in the Crucible of Doubt. Orthodoxy and Russian literature in the 17th-20th centuries the author Dunaev Mikhail MikhailovichLeonid Nikolaevich Andreev One of the most popular writers of the early XX century was Leonid Nikolaevich Andreev (1871-1919). In his own way, he tried to overcome the problem of truth in art, professing aesthetic theory"two realities", in which the "truth of fact" he
ANDREEV EVGENY NIKOLAEVICH
Andreev, Evgeny Nikolaevich, technologist and teacher, 1829 - 80, graduated from the course in the cameral department of the law faculty of St. Petersburg University; was an inspector of the Institute of Technology, held the Department of Agricultural Technology at the Forestry Institute; later he was a member of the council of the Ministry of Finance. Since the sixties A. is one of the active members of the "Russian Technical Society" and its secretary. The commission on technical education, which opened on his initiative at the technical society, in which he chaired almost until his death, owes to him the fruitful results achieved by it. Through the efforts of A., a whole network of schools for the education of masters was created. He did much to attract public interest in the handicraft industry and took an active part in the work of the society to promote Russian trade and industry. A. published a number of works on chemical technology and articles on technical education, etc. In 1889 A. was the commissar of the Russian department of world industry in Paris, where he died. - Wed S.A. Vengerov, "Critical Biographical Dictionary".
Brief biographical encyclopedia.
2012See also the interpretation, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is ANDREEV EVGENY NIKOLAEVICH in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- ANDREEV EVGENY NIKOLAEVICH
(b. 1926) test parachutist, Hero of the Soviet Union (1962). I tested parachute systems, spacesuits and other means. In 1962 he was the only one in the world to perform ... - ANDREEV EVGENY NIKOLAEVICH
technologist and prominent figure in the teaching field. Genus. in Taganrog in 1829; after graduating from the course on the cameral department of law. faculty ... - ANDREEV EVGENY NIKOLAEVICH
? technologist and prominent figure in the teaching field. Genus. in Taganrog in 1829; after graduating from the course on the cameral department of law. ... - ANDREEV in the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons:
Prokofy, Saadashny master. Russia. Near … - ANDREEV in the Encyclopedia of Russian Surnames, Secrets of Origin and Meanings:
- ANDREEV in the Encyclopedia of Surnames:
The tenth place in the first hundred of the most common surnames in Russia is taken by this one. Its origin is extremely clear - on behalf of Andrey, ... - ANDREEV in the Sayings of great people:
Lying to oneself is the most widespread and lowest form of human enslavement by life. L.N. Andreev ... - EVGENY
Flavius the Roman emperor 392-394 Died in 394, Eugene was first a grammar and taught Roman literature, and then, leaving ... - ANDREEV in the Handbook of Characters and Cult Objects of Greek Mythology:
Andrey Andreevich (1895-1970). A native of workers, Andreev became the head of the railway workers' trade union in 1920-28. A reliable supporter of the Stalinist apparatus, A. was ... - ANDREEV in 1000 biographies of famous people:
Leonid Nikolaevich (1871-1919). Russian writer, born in Orel, in the family of a land surveyor. In 1897, his first story "Bergamot and ... - EVGENY in the Literary Encyclopedia:
- the hero of Alexander Pushkin's poem "The Bronze Horseman" (1833), a petty St. Petersburg official. The poem does not indicate his surname, age, or ... - ANDREEV in the Literary Encyclopedia:
Leonid Nikolaevich is a fiction writer and playwright. He came from a semi-intelligent bureaucratic family, studied at Moscow University. Graduated from the Faculty of Law. Young … - ANDREEV in the Pedagogical Encyclopedic Dictionary:
Evgeny Nikolaevich (1829-1889), worker and technical education worker in Russia, teacher. One of the founders of the Russian Technical Society (RTO), initiator ... - EVGENY in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(Eleutherius) Bulgaris (1716-1806) Greek Orthodox theologian. He taught on Athos and in Constantinople, then in Germany and Russia, where in 1775 ... - NIKOLAEVICH in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(Yuri) - Serbo-Croatian writer (born in 1807 in Srem) and Dubrovnik "prota" (archpriest). Published in 1840, wonderful for ... - EVGENY in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
Eugene of Savoy, Prince of Carignan, Margrave of Saluzzo, Austrian Generalissimo (1663 - 1736), the youngest son of Prince E. Moritz of Savoy, offended by the refusal of Louis XIV to give ... - ANDREEV in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
the pseudonym of N.G. Chernyshevsky (see), under which he placed in last years life of the article in "Russian Vedomosti" and "Russian Mysl". ... - EVGENY
Eugen von Savoyen (1663-1736), prince, austr. commander, generalissimo (1697). In the 90s. 17th century inflicted a number of defeats on the French. ... - EVGENY in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
EUENIUS (Eleutherius) Bulgaris (1716-1806), Greek. theologian. He taught on Athos and in Constantinople, then lived in Germany and Russia, where in ... - EVGENY in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
EVENY (in the world Evfimy Al. Bolkhovitinov) (1767-1837), church. activist, historian, archaeographer, writer, acad. Petersburg. AN. Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia (with ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Pav. Zach. (1874-1950), singer (bass-baritone), nar. art. USSR (1939). In 1909-48 in Leningrad. (Mariinsky) opera and ballet theater. Prof. ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Nick. Nick. (1880-1970), physicist, founder of the Fatherland. scientific. school of acoustics, acad. Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1953), Hero of the Socialist. Labor (1970). Tr. on … - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Nick. Andes. (1873-1932), sculptor, Hon. active lawsuit in the RSFSR (1931). The author of the psychologically expressive, penetrated internal. the tragedy of memory. N.V. Gogol (1904-09), ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREIEV Mic. Step. (1873-1948), ethnographer and linguist, Ph.D. Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1929), acad. AN Uzbek. SSR (1943). Tr. at home, bunk. ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Leon. Nick. (1871-1919), Russian. Writer. In the early realistic. stories - the search for social justice ("Bargamot and Garaska", 1898). Sympathizing with the revolutionaries ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Lev Nick. (b. 1931), immunologist of the district, acad. RAS (2000). Main research on the physiology of the relationship between districts and phytopathogenic ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Iv. Yves. (1880-1919), dew. chemical technologist. He was the first to develop (1915) and implement (1917) on a factory scale a method for producing nitrogen to-you catalytic. ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Ev. Nick. (b. 1926), Hon. test parachutist of the USSR (1958), reg., Hero of the Sov. Union (1962), zm USSR (1963). I also experienced ejection ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Dan. Leon. (1906-59), Russian. poet, mystic-visionary. The son of L.N. Andreeva. In early poetry (since 1931) - anxious expectation of impending catastrophes ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEEV Vl. Al. (b. 1930), actor, director, nar. art. USSR (1985). Since 1952 in the T. Ermolova (in 1970-85 ch. ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Vikt. Sem. (1905-88), architect, nar. arch. USSR (1978). Worked in Moscow: adm. building on st. Gorky (Tverskoy; 1949), embassy ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREYEV You. You. (1861-1918), musician, balalaika performer. Organizer and leader of the first Russian orchestra. bunk bed instr-tov (1888, from 1896 - ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Bor. Fed. (1915-82), film actor, nar. art. USSR (1962). His characters are endowed with spiritual breadth, strength, good nature ("Tractor Drivers", "Big Life", "Two ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV And. Andes. (1895-1971), polit. and state. activist. Bolshevik from 1914. In 1924, 25 sec. Central Committee of the RCP (b). In 1930-31 before. CCC ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Al-dr Fed. (b. 1939), physicist, acad. (1987), vice-president. (since 1991) RAS. Tr. on physics of low temp-r. Constructed a theory of dynamic. ... - ANDREEV in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
ANDREEV Al-dr Ign. (1887-1959), historian, archaeographer, Ph.D. Sciences (1940), prof. (since 1945). Tr. on diplomacy, history of Rus. North, source study ... - NIKOLAEVICH in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
(Yuri)? Serbo-Croatian writer (born in 1807 in Srem) and Dubrovnik "prota" (archpriest). Published in 1840 wonderful for ... - ANDREEV in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
? the pseudonym of N. G. Chernyshevsky (see), under which he placed in the last years of his life articles in "Russian Vedomosti" and "Russian ... - EVGENY in the Dictionary for solving and compiling scanwords:
Male ... - EVGENY in the dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian language.
- EVGENY in the Complete Russian Spelling Dictionary:
Evgeniy, (Evgenievich, Evgenievna and Evgenievich, ... - ANDREEV in the Modern explanatory dictionary, TSB:
Alexander Ignatievich (1887-1959), Russian historian, archaeographer, doctor of historical sciences, professor. Works on diplomacy, history of the Russian North, source study of Siberia, historical ... - POGOZHEV EVGENY NIKOLAEVICH in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "DREVO". Pogozhev Evgeny Nikolaevich (1870 - 1931), Russian publicist and religious writer, literary pseudonym - ... - EUGENE (EUGENE MERCALOV) in the Brief Biographical Encyclopedia:
Evgeny, in the world Evgeny Mertsalov is a spiritual writer (born in 1857), a graduate of the Moscow Theological Academy. Consists of Bishop of Yuryev, Vicar ... - SERGEY NIKOLAEVICH TOLSTOY in the Wiki Quote:
Data: 2009-08-10 Time: 14:22:38 Sergei Nikolaevich Tolstoy (1908-1977) - "the fourth Tolstoy"; Russian writer: prose writer, poet, playwright, literary critic, translator. Quotes * … - EUGENE ONEGIN (ROMAN) in the Wiki Quote:
Data: 2009-08-22 Time: 15:37:50 Navigation Wikipedia = Eugene Onegin Wikiteka = Eugene Onegin (Pushkin) Eugene Onegin is a novel in verse named after ... - EVGENY ABRAMOVICH BARATYNSKY in the Wiki Quote:
Data: 2009-01-03 Time: 15:27:31 Navigation Topic = Evgeny Baratynsky Wikipedia = Baratynsky, Evgeny Abramovich Wikiteka = Evgeny Abramovich Boratynsky Wikipedia ...
From 1937 to 1942 he was brought up in an orphanage in the city of Serov Sverdlovsk region... He worked at a plant in the city of Nizhny Tagil. He graduated from a vocational school, receiving a working specialty as a turner.
At the beginning of World War II, Zhenya Andreev as a teenager worked in the Urals at a defense plant as a runner of tanks, tried to secretly go to the front, but was returned to the plant.
In 1943, E. Andreev was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army. He studied at the Armavir school of fighter pilots.
He began to practice parachuting in 1945. He worked as a parachute stacker, then became a test parachutist.
Since November 1947 - in the group of parachute equipment testers at the Research Institute of the USSR Air Force. In 1955 he graduated from the Ryazan Airborne School.
November 1, 1962 E.N. Andreev jumped from the Volga balloon from a height of 25,500 meters, fell without opening the parachute, 24,500 meters. Its freefall flight lasted 270 seconds at a minimum speed of 900 kilometers per hour.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 12, 1962, for the courage and heroism shown during the testing of parachute equipment, Evgeny Nikolaevich Andreev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
E.N. Andreev tested new designs of parachutes, ejection installations, oxygen devices. On account of the Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, Honored Test Parachutist of the USSR, Aviation Colonel E.N. Andreeva - 8 world records, over 4500 difficult parachute jumps, including 8 jumps from the stratosphere, as well as in the most difficult conditions: at high speeds, from low and high altitudes, in mountainous terrain, at sea, etc.
His world record for a parachute jump from a height of 25 kilometers has not yet been repeated by anyone. NS 
The last world record he set was in the group jump in 1975.
He tested high-altitude uniforms for pilots and equipment for cosmonauts, developed rules for leaving aircraft and helicopters in critical situations and was the first to test them in the air. Evgeny Nikolaevich Andreev was the first in the Soviet Union to leave the plane at supersonic speed.
He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Star. For outstanding sports achivments E.N. Andreev was awarded a large gold medal by the Union of Sports Societies of the USSR. For world records - small gold medals. He was awarded a large medal "50 years of gliding in the USSR", a medal named after academician S.P. Queen.
Evgeny Nikolaevich - judge on parachuting All-Union organization, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, has 14 government awards. He is the trainer of the Air Force paratroopers team, and has twice trained the high-altitude paratroopers in Bulgaria.
He lived in the village of Chkalovsky (within the city of Shchelkovo), Moscow Region.
Andreev Evgeny Nikolaevich died on February 9, 2000. He was buried at the cemetery of the village of Leonikha, Shchelkovo district.
In Novosibirsk, the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union Yevgeny Nikolaevich Andreev is immortalized on the Alley of Heroes at the Monument of Glory.
Andreev Evgeny Nikolaevich- hero Soviet Union, order bearer, unrecognized winner, record holder Guinness. Andreev Evgeny Nikolaevich- Soviet test parachute equipment Research Institute USSR Air Force, colonel. Lived in the village Chkalovsky(microdistrict Chkalovsky Shchelkovo) Moscow region.
Was born 4 september 1926 years in the city Novosibirsk in the family of an employee. Russian. Member of the CPSU since 1972. In 1937-42 he was brought up in the orphanage of the city Serov Sverdlovsk region. Worked in a factory in the city Nizhny Tagil.
In the Soviet Army since 1943. He studied at the Armavir Pilots School. From November 1947 years - in the group of parachute equipment testers Research Institute of the USSR Air Force... IN 1955 year graduated from the Ryazan Airborne School.
In 1957 he made jumps from a height of 14 800 meters both day and night, opening his parachute at an altitude of 600 meters. He tested various ejection seats of supersonic jet aircraft.
November 1, 1962 E.N. Andreev performed a jump from a balloon “ Volga" from high 25500 meters and fell, without opening the parachute, 24,500 meters. His free fall continued 270 seconds with a minimum speed of 900 kilometers per hour.
Interestingly, in Guinness book of records entered Jonathan Flores as the first person to jump from a similar height in a flying suit.
So 29-year-old Colombian Jonathan Flores became the first person who managed to break 4 world records in one jump: a man in a flying suit jumped from a height of over 11,000 meters.
The maximum speed that the stuntman managed to achieve at the moment of free fall reached 160 km / h. The flight time was 9 minutes and 6 seconds.
Officials of the Book of Records Guinness said that Jonathan's jump was the longest in length, carried out from the highest altitude, the fastest in time, and the stuntman became the first person who managed to free fall 10 kilometers: only 1 kilometer from the ground, the athlete's parachute opened. Colombian Jonathan Flores set four records at once Guinness jumping with a parachute. He became the first to fly ten kilometers in free fall, and left the plane at the highest altitude for such records - 11 kilometers.
All these records of Jonathan Flores pale before the achievements of our compatriot Andreeva Evgeny Nikolaevich, if Jonathan I knew from what heights I was jumping Evgeny Nikolaevich then most likely did not dare for your jumps ...
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 12, 1962, Evgeny Nikolaevich Andreyev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the courage and heroism shown during the testing of parachute equipment, with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 11092).
On account of the Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, Honored Test Parachutist of the USSR, Colonel E.N. Andreeva - 8 world records, over 4500 difficult parachute jumps, including 8 jumps from the stratosphere.
He lived in the village until his death Chkalovsky(microdistrict Chkalovsky, Shchelkovo-3) Moscow region. Died 9 February 2000 of the year. Buried in the village cemetery Leonikha Shchelkovsky district.
He was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Star, medals. Hero of the Soviet Union (1962), Honored Test Parachutist of the USSR (1985), Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1963).
A story from memories Andreeva Evgeny Nikolaevich:
While preparing for a flight into the stratosphere, I made my anniversary one and a half thousandth bounce. This happened in the morning, and a little later the postman in batches began to wear congratulatory telegrams. I also brought a welcome address with many signatures of my workmates.
November 1, 1962. Five o'clock in the morning. We go through a thorough medical examination and put on high-altitude equipment. An hour later the bus brings you to the airfield. Specialists are checking the ship, and we take our seats. A comprehensive check of all systems begins.
All systems are working fine, - reports Pyotr Ivanovich Dolgov to the flight director.
The time is seven hours forty four minutes. The command followed “ Start“, And a huge structure more than a hundred meters in height slowly moved upward. There is no usual roar of engines, there is silence, only the arrows of numerous instruments came to life and asked for the first data on the radio.
Each of us fills out the flight schedule, transmits data to the ground. Special sensors by means of telemetry report downward about our state: heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, heart function. With increasing height, the sky changes color. First it turns pale blue, then blue-violet and finally black. It is warm and comfortable in the ship, but cold outside. At an altitude of thirteen thousand meters, the thermometer reads sixty-five degrees below zero, then it warms a little, and the temperature is set at around minus sixty-one degrees Celsius.
The height is twenty two thousand meters. For the first time in the world, such a milestone was reached on January 30, 1934 by our Soviet strato-nauts P.F. Fedoseenko, A. B. Vasenko and I. D. Usyskin on the stratospheric balloon Osoaviakhim-1“.
A little more than half an hour of ascent, and we go into the balance zone. Rate of climb is zero. Height twenty five thousand four hundred fifty eight meters. It took us two hours and twenty minutes to dial it.
Pyotr Ivanovich Dolgov requests land for permission to carry out the task.
I give permission, - the flight director answers.
Get ready to jump! - This is a command to me.
I begin to depressurize the cabin, wait for oxygen to enter the high-altitude suit under excess pressure. The suit's compensating device is triggered, and I am squeezed from all sides. I report to Dolgov:
There is overpressure - and get permission to depressurize completely.
Through the glass wall of the thermal partition I see the calm, smiling face of Pyotr Ivanovich.
Goodbye, Petya!
Have a good trip!
According to the old tradition, I apply right hand to the helmet for greeting. Then I move it to the handrail of the chair. I sharply squeeze the levers of the chair and shoot into the void.
The usual elasticity of the air is not felt. To make the helmet glazing less freezing, I roll over onto my back.
In the endless darkness of the black sky, the stars are shining, they seem very close and somehow not real. I look at the altimeter - already nineteen thousand meters. At this height, the fall occurs with the greatest speed. When he reached an altitude of twelve thousand meters, the speed decreased, the tensioners of the high-rise suit loosened. I sigh freely, straighten my body and turn over on my face. It becomes very easy to fall. Below is the Volga with its numerous tributaries. Although a marine life jacket is put on over the high-altitude equipment, I do not want to swim, I decide to get away from the water, choosing a huge field as a reference point, turn around and plan in its direction at an angle of forty-five degrees. At an altitude of one thousand five hundred meters, a signaling device is triggered. In twenty seconds, the device will open the parachute. IN last time I examine my gear and grab the pull ring with my left hand. You don't have to pull it out, the parachute opens automatically.
I examined the dome - everything is in order. He took off the glazing of the pressure helmet and determined the approximate landing point. Here is the land. I stood on my feet and ran about twenty meters until I extinguished the parachute. He spread the dome on the ground so that they could find me faster from the air, and lay down in the center.
All thoughts were now with Dolgov. How is he there? Looking intently at the sky, I saw, far away, two open domes, on which a friend was descending. But Pyotr Ivanovich was no longer alive. At the moment of leaving the cabin of the ship, an absurd accident occurred - the depressurization of the spacesuit. A pinhead hole - but oxygen burst out instantly.
The tester had the strength to open the parachute, the scheme he proposed worked flawlessly, but his consciousness was already leaving him. The parachute domes gently lowered Dolgov's body to the land of the Motherland, for which he lived and worked ...
A few days after the flight into the stratosphere, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was issued on the assignment P.I. Dolgov and for me the highest distinction of the Motherland - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. "
Sources of information:
- Babkin V.S., Biryukov A.I. Leap from the stratosphere. M., 1963.
- Heroes and feats. Book 1. M .: Voenizdat, 1963
- Heroes of the Soviet Union: a short biogr. words. Vol. 1. - Moscow, 1987.
October 14, 2012 Austrian extreme parachutist Felix Baumgartner about 39 kilometers, having developed a speed of 1357.6 kilometers per hour in free fall. October 25, 2014 Google top manager Alan Eustace surpassed the result of Baumgartner, having made a jump from a height of 41 420 m and developing a speed of 1321 km per hour.
It is worth noting, however, that experts single out Eustace's achievement in a special category - he used a stabilizing parachute when jumping, which greatly facilitates the position of a person when jumping and eliminates the deadly "spin" in which the body goes into uncontrolled rotation.
So Felix Baumgartner's achievement is cleaner. But the Austrian extreme, who updated many records during his jump, did not surpass the achievement of the Soviet parachutist Yevgeny Andreev in terms of the duration of the free fall. Baumgartner was in free fall for 4 minutes 20 seconds, and Andreev - 4 minutes 30 seconds.
Parachute instead of the front
Unlike Baumgartner and Eustace, parachute jumping for Yevgeny Andreev was not a sport, not an extreme hobby, but a real profession.
When the war began, 14-year-old Zhenya studied at a vocational school, after which he got up to the factory machine, sharpened blanks for shells.
At the height of the war, he was drafted into the army, sent to study in a reserve regiment. Eugene dreamed of a navy, but when he got into the infantry, he was still eager to go to the front to fight the Nazis.
However, the physically strong and healthy guy was left in the reserve regiment, from which he was then sent to the medical board. After her, the young soldier was announced: he was going to the Armavir pilot school, where he was to master the profession of a parachutist.
Like all cadets, he first thoroughly mastered the duties of a parachute handler and only then was he allowed to jump. The very first jump cadet Andreev made confidently, without fear, which earned the approval of the instructors.After passing special training Evgeny Andreev became a member of the Air Force Research Institute parachute equipment test group.
See the shark? But she is!
In 1947, Andreev, together with his colleagues, began to test the means of rescue for the pilots of new jet aircraft that were just entering service.
Among the test jumps were splash jumps, and not in the warm Black Sea, but in the cold Barents Sea.
As they say, only fools are not afraid of anything. Test parachutist Andreev was not afraid of anything in the sky, but in the sea he felt uneasy from ... sharks. On the eve of the jumps, an experienced sailor told him how in these waters during the war years, a pilot who jumped into the sea with a parachute was eaten by a shark.
It is not known how much this story was true, but only, as Andreev himself recalled, all night he dreamed exclusively of sharks.
However, work is work, and the next day the parachutist, wearing a test suit, performed the jump. Together with him should have splashed down rubber boat tied to it with a cord.
However, things went awry. The boat was blown away by a strong wind, and the cord connecting it with the parachutist tore a detail from Andreev's suit. Ice water began to enter the life suit, which lost its buoyancy. With great difficulty, Andreev managed to inflate the collar of the suit, remaining afloat.
But the parachutist himself admitted that all this seemed to him trifles against the background of a possible "shark threat." However, nothing happened - the helicopter that arrived safely took the tester.
Following the example of Maresyev
Testing ejection seats and other equipment was fraught with dangers for parachutists. During one of the bailouts from a high-speed bomber, which Andreev himself considered not very difficult, the paratrooper immediately after leaving the cockpit felt wild pain. The fall went abnormal, and he suddenly saw his right leg, which was lying horizontally in the stream of air at an angle of ninety degrees to the body, like a foreign object.
In some incredible way, the injured tester managed to make a relatively soft landing. As it turned out later, at the moment of separation, a chair hit his thigh. The trauma was monstrous - the leg turned into a bloody mess, 16 centimeters of bone were shattered into small pieces.
Doctors of the Sklifosovsky Institute issued a verdict: amputation! But the 27-year-old parachutist insisted - save your leg, I want to return to the profession. I decided to do the impossible surgeon Alexey Smirnov, who, together with his colleagues, spent two months “gluing” the crippled bone piece by piece. Another year went to rehabilitation, after which Andreev appeared before the medical board.The members of the commission, having studied the medical documents, announced: you will serve, but no jumps.
And then Evgeny Andreev did almost the same as pilot Alexey Maresyev, - I decided to demonstrate to the commission my capabilities.
From the memoirs of Evgeny Andreev: “Doctors are watching, shaking their heads. No, they say, friend, serve, but jump - forgive me. Ah well?! - think. Yes, as he ran away, did a back somersault, fixed the stand on one hand ... “Damn you,” the general, the chairman of the commission, waved his hand. - Jump "".
After that terrible injury, one leg of the parachutist became shorter than the other by 4 centimeters. But this did not stop him from making unique test jumps.
Why cows don't like parachutists
Sometimes the testers had completely unexpected landing problems. Once the group, which included Andreev, made jumps for precision landing in the indicated area. They had to land on an ordinary meadow that did not bode well for any problems.
But when the parachutists began to descend, it turned out that a herd of cows was peacefully grazing at the landing site. And the testers had to sit down right among the cows.
The first parachutist sat on the cow on horseback. He hastened to jump off it, but then a dome fell on the poor animal, covering it entirely. The cow, in panic, began to rush, dragging the parachutist who did not have time to unfasten. A few minutes later, real chaos began on the field. Cows mooed desperately, parachutists tried to collect parachutes and get out of this nightmare. And then a bull appeared, clearly intending to teach the intruders a lesson.
Order was restored only with the appearance of an old shepherd, who drove the bull away, helped the paratroopers to get out and bitterly complained: "Well, you falcons, did you disperse all the cattle for me?"
Experiment on the instructions of Korolev
In the early 1960s, Yevgeny Andreev, as one of the best test parachutists, was included in a group that worked on testing rescue equipment for the first Soviet cosmonauts.
After Gagarin's flight, in the fall of 1962, on assignment chief designer of Soviet space technology Sergei Korolev, it was planned to conduct an experiment with a parachute jump from "near space" - from a height of 25,000 meters.
Pyotr Dolgov - test parachute equipment, Air Force colonel. Photo: wikimapia.org
The secret experiment was named "Star". Its participants were appointed Evgeny Andreev and Pyotr Dolgov.
Dolgov had to test the parachute automation of his own design, which should open the parachute immediately after the jump. He had to make the jump in a special spacesuit. Andreev's jump was to be carried out in a conventional high-altitude anti-overload suit for fighter pilots. He was to fly about 24 kilometers in free fall, opening the dome only a kilometer from the ground.
On November 1, 1962, the Volga stratospheric balloon rose from the test site located near the city of Volsk in the Saratov region, the cabin of which imitated the descent vehicle of the Vostok spacecraft. Before the ascent, Dolgov and Andreev were subjected to desaturation - the lungs were purged with oxygen, nitrogen was removed from the blood so that it would not "boil" at large differences in atmospheric pressure.
The ascent lasted three hours and 25 minutes. During this time, the Volga reached a height of 25,458 meters. According to the program of the experiment, Evgeny Andreev was the first to make the jump.
4 minutes 30 seconds
From the memoirs of Evgeny Andreev: “I shot off the cover of my hatch, through which I had to eject, wave goodbye to Dolgov, turned over on my back so that the heat transfer was less, and - forward. Before that, I had to jump a lot at night. And nevertheless, the sky struck: a thick, inky color, and the stars - close, close. He looked down over his shoulder, and there was blue, bright orange sun ...
Free fall from "near space" began at 10:13. Andreev flew to the ground with his back down, in a position in which it is extremely difficult to control his body. They managed to roll over at about 12,000 meters. Hands froze so that they lost sensitivity, and the glass of the pressure helmet froze. Trying to warm the hands, which are necessary for the parachutist as rudders, Andreev squeezed and unclenched them, which led to a break in a tailspin. But squeezing and unclenching gave an effect - the returned sensitivity in the hands allowed the parachutist to stabilize the flight.
Suddenly Andreev shook sharply - triggered automatics released a parachute. He soon landed safely.In free fall, Evgeny Andreev spent 4 minutes 30 seconds, flying down 24,500 meters during this time.
"Only he did not return from the battle ..."
Once on the ground, the first thing the parachutist looked at was the sky - the canopy of Pyotr Dolgov's parachute was visible there. It seemed that the second tester's jump was also going according to plan.
The technique really did not disappoint, but Andreev's partner landed already dead.
The specialists who developed the program of the Zvezda experiment did not take into account one nuance - at an altitude of over 25 kilometers, the stratospheric balloon cabin needed more time in order to come to a state of stability in rarefied air after Andreev's jump.
Pyotr Dolgov began the task at the time stipulated by the experiment plan. But at that moment, the cockpit continued to sway. Because of this, when leaving the cockpit, Dolgov hit a pressure helmet on a small pin in the hatch opening. The pin punched a 9x16 mm hole in the helmet. The tester died as a result of depressurization.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 12, 1962, for the courage and heroism shown during the testing of parachute equipment, Yevgeny Andreev was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal. The same award was posthumously awarded to Pyotr Dolgov.
Evgeny Andreev completed military service in the rank of colonel, and in 1985 he became one of the first in the country to be awarded the title "Honored Test Parachutist of the USSR". Andreev received a badge number 3.
His predecessor did not live to see Felix Baumgartner's record. Evgeny Nikolaevich Andreev died on February 9, 2000 at the age of 73. He was buried in the cemetery of the Leonikha village of the Shchelkovsky district of the Moscow region.