A person's voice is one of the main means of communication with other people. That is why its loss creates a lot of inconvenience and problems. The vocal cords are responsible for the presence of a voice in a person - they are two elastic muscles that are located in the larynx and are attached to the cartilage of the larynx. For the appearance of sound, it is necessary that the ligaments completely close, unfortunately, there are many reasons that lead to problems with the voice and its complete absence.

There are many reasons that lead to loss of voice, the main ones are:

• Various infectious diseases respiratory system in particular - the larynx, such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis.
• Constant stress on the vocal cords - for teachers, military, singers.
• Exposure to dust, smoke, cold air and drinks.
• Burns, both chemical and thermal.
• Tumors of the larynx.
• Paralysis or paresis of the ligaments.

Symptoms of loss of voice

There are certain symptoms that are characteristic of diseases accompanied by loss of voice, these include:

1. Appearance of hoarseness.
2. Gradually, a person turns to a whisper.
3. Complete aphonia - that is, the absence of a voice.

In children, the main cause of voice loss can be papillomas - benign tumor-like neoplasms that must be removed as soon as possible. The main symptom of this disease is the incessant hoarseness of the voice.

Treatment methods

The main factor in determining the methods of treatment for loss of voice is finding out the cause of this condition. Very often, treatment consists in eliminating the symptoms of the underlying disease, which led to the lesion. vocal cords and loss of voice.

To date, for the development of vocal cords, special complexes exercises. They were mainly developed by phoniatrists (the so-called specialists who are engaged in voice restoration), therefore they are quite effective. However, it is often possible to achieve complete restoration of the voice only through complex treatment prescribed by a doctor.

The main thing that should be paid attention to patients who have lost their voice is the observance of silence.

In no case should one tear the ligaments and speak through force, this can lead to aphonia, after which it will be very difficult to restore the voice in full. In addition, hot, spicy, salty and cold foods should be avoided. You will also need to forget about alcoholic beverages, sour fruits, for example, citrus fruits, should be completely excluded from the patient's diet.

Ways to restore voice

As mentioned above, to restore the lost voice, special breathing exercises. To date, there are various complexes, which help to restore the voice and improve its sound.

First you need to squat down, while the distance between the knees should not be more sizes 1-2 fists. The back should remain straight, hands should be placed on your knees. While in this position, you need to exhale, straining your arms, throat and neck as much as possible. After 6-10 seconds, you can relax and take a few regular breaths and exhale again.

Similar exercises should be done 6-10 times, they can be repeated after a couple of hours.

1. First you need to lie on your back and take breaths in such a way that the stomach participates in them, then you will need to hold your breath and exhale slowly, while pronouncing the sound “C”, this exercise is done for about 5 minutes. After that, as you exhale, you should pronounce the sounds "З" and "Ш".
2. The next stage of this set of exercises is the pronunciation of the sound "M" on the exhale, while the body position remains the same as during the previous exercise.
3. After that, try to hum the letter "M", making each sound as long as possible. The duration of this exercise is at least 5 minutes.
4. Then you should pull the sound “H” with your mouth open, while making sure that the pronounced letters sound without rattling.

Other Ligament Recovery Methods

To restore the ligaments, first you need to relieve tension and relax them. For this, a special exercise is used, called the “Yawning Lion”. During this procedure, you need to tilt your head back and open your mouth wide, after that you need to try to make a sound similar to a loud yawn, while its tone should change. It is yawning, according to experts, that is the best way relax the larynx, in which the vocal cords are located.

one more effective way to relax the ligaments is to relieve tension from the diaphragm, it is for this reason that many people have problems with their voice. In this case, special methods of breathing exercises are used, among them the Strelnikova system occupies a special place. This technique is used in leading clinics and centers of our country for the treatment of other diseases of the respiratory system.

How to strengthen ligaments

A good way to strengthen the ligaments is to gargle with a decoction of herbs, for its preparation you need to take: chamomile flowers, calendula and eucalyptus leaves.

A great way to strengthen the ligaments is to take a mixture of raw egg yolks pounded with sugar and butter.

Doctors with hoarseness recommend gargling every two hours with a solution of furacillin, sea salt or propolis tincture. Often they are alternated with taking antibacterial drugs, if infections are the cause of aphonia or hoarseness, this improves the patient's condition.

When conducting therapeutic gymnastics and other procedures for the restoration of the vocal cords, it is necessary, if possible, to exclude all factors that contribute to irritation of the larynx, in particular, to refuse long telephone conversations. This, according to experts, irritates the vocal cords more than ordinary live communication. It is also undesirable to leave a warm room in the cold. In addition, you should stop smoking, as inhaling nicotine irritates the ligaments.

With excessive tension on the ligaments, nodules are formed, which are growths, they will interfere with the normal sound of your voice.

To strengthen the ligaments, you need to pronounce words only on the exhale. It is possible to improve the sound or completely restore the lost voice only if the doctor's recommendations are strictly observed and the prescribed treatment methods are regularly carried out, including the exact performance of breathing exercises.

Nature has endowed man with an amazing, complex musical instrument. Today, the skill of communication is required everywhere and when there is a loss of voice, we seem to lose the most precious thing, it interferes with communication. On cold days of winter, this problem is especially relevant.

And the causes of voice loss can be: infectious diseases such as laryngitis, tonsillitis. Increased vocal loads when screaming or, for example, during prolonged oratory action, exposure to dust, smoke, cold drinks are factors that affect the vocal apparatus, which consists of vocal cords located deep in the larynx, and from the pharynx, oral and chest cavities.

The strength of the sound coloring of the voice, the characteristic pronunciation of vowels and consonants are the elements that make up a complex system. Most often, voice loss occurs due to a disruption in the functioning of the ligaments; for such disorders, the presence of any congenital or acquired pathologies of the vocal apparatus is not necessary. But the voice sits down, hoarse and a whisper appears, and sometimes it is completely absent due to throat diseases. If you constantly train your throat and ligaments, these problems will not affect you or pass by.

It is useful to perform the following exercise cycle:

Sit on knees bent, put your heels apart, touch with one thumb another, adhering to the distance between the knees of 1-2 fists. Keep your back straight, hands on your knees. Exhale, squeezing all the air out of yourself, straining your neck, throat and arms. The eyes are wide open, as much as possible you should try to reach the chin with your tongue. Maintain this pose for 6-10 seconds. Having taken the initial position, relax. When, after a few breaths and exhalations, the breath evens out, you need to try to repeat the same exercises again, you need to complete 6-10 such approaches every two hours. After two times you will feel relief.

The following set of exercises helped out more than once those whose voice was partially set.

1. Starting position lying. Breathing in, make sure that the stomach breathes. Holding your breath, exhale slowly while pronouncing the letter "C". The exercise is performed for 5 minutes. Then the sounds "Z" and "Sh" are pronounced.

3. Then hum the consonant "m", with the effect of "casting" the tip of the melody up, as when performing a lullaby melody.
4. With your mouth open, pull the consonant "H", control that the sound does not rattle.

Remember, if your voice is broken, first of all you need to be more silent. Any doctor, first of all, will prescribe a voice mode. It is impossible to sing, shout, even whisper through force; when whispering, by the way, the load on the ligaments is the same as when screaming.

Healing with breathing exercises

It is known that the vocal apparatus and breathing are an inextricable union. For the treatment of the vocal cords, ideal breathing exercises according to Strelnikova. When it is performed, all parts of the body are included in the work, due to which there is a general physiological reaction of the whole organism, including the vocal cords.

You can use a harmonica to blow into it while inhaling and exhaling, without breaking away, the sound should be even. Inhale and exhale start from 20 seconds, increasing to 1 minute.

Another set of exercises has a great effect on restoring the functional ability of the vocal cords:

1. inhale and exhale through the nose, on the exhale we pull sound i-i 5-6 times;

2. inhale through the nose - exhale through the mouth, while exhaling we pull A-A 5-6 times;

3. inhale through the nose - exhale through the mouth, while exhaling we pull C-C-C 5-6 times;

4. inhale through the nose - exhale through the mouth, while exhaling we pull Sh-Sh-Sh 5-6 times;

5. inhale through the nose - exhale through the mouth, while exhaling we pull F-F-F 5-6 times;

6. inhale through the nose - exhale through the mouth, while exhaling we pull X-X-X 5-6 times. An exercise called "Yawning Lion" perfectly relaxes the muscles of the jaw and relieves tension from the vocal cords. It is performed by throwing the head back, the mouth should be opened as wide as possible, while making a sound resembling a loud yawn. An open throat brings peace and relaxation. Exercises that help stretch the vocal cords and improve existing articulation are effective. The breath should be deep.

Inhale through the nose, exhale through the nose in three sets.

Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth. To produce friction between the palms of one another.

Inhalation through the nose, exhalation reminiscent of the action of cooling hot tea with the breath.

Inhale through the nose, exhale with a hiss.

Inhale through the nose, exhale whistling.

Expert editor: Mochalov Pavel Alexandrovich| MD therapist

Education: Moscow Medical Institute. I. M. Sechenov, specialty - "Medicine" in 1991, in 1993 "Occupational diseases", in 1996 "Therapy".

In this article you will find exercises, after which you will start.

To open the voice

Your voice may not actually be yours. The reason is in the clamps or the wrong way of speaking (for example, on the same ligaments). The exercises below will help you deal with these issues and unleash your true natural voice.

sound engineer

First, understand how others hear you. To do this, you can simulate a recording studio. Your left palm will be an earpiece - press it with a "shell" to your left ear; the right one will be a microphone - hold it near your mouth at a distance of a few centimeters. Start the test: count, say different words, play with sound. Do this exercise for 5-10 minutes for nine days. During this time, you will understand how it really sounds, and you can improve it.

Q-X

To open the voice, you need to free the throat and transfer the main work to the lips and diaphragm. To do this, pronounce the syllables "Q-X". Round your lips on Q, stretch them in a wide smile on X. After 30 repetitions, try giving a short speech. You will feel that the ligaments are less tense, and the lips are better at following your commands.

yawn

The easiest way to relax the muscles of the larynx is to yawn well. Do this simple exercise for 5 minutes a day and you will notice how the blocks and clamps in your voice disappear.

Exhale-groan

This exercise will help bring out the natural sound of your voice. Its essence boils down to voicing your exhalation.

Position: feet on the floor, jaw open and relaxed. Begin to inhale the air, and as you exhale, make any sound. Do this without any effort - if everything is correct, you should get a groan.

When performed correctly, the sound comes from the solar plexus. It is from there that you need to speak so that the voice is voluminous and expressive.

To make the voice pleasant

Three smiles

This exercise is performed in the same way as the previous one, but with rule of three smiles. Smile with your mouth, forehead and imagine a smile in the solar plexus area. After that, start exhaling with a sound. Just 5 minutes a day - and your voice will start to sound more pleasant and trusting.

Yogi exercise

This exercise is practiced indian yoga to achieve a deep and beautiful voice.

Position: standing, feet shoulder-width apart. First, take a few calm breaths and exhalations, then - and a sharp exhalation with the sound "ha-a". The exhalation should be as full and loud as possible. In this case, the body can be slightly moved forward.

drawling syllables

Inhale deeply, and as you exhale, say a long “bom-m”, “bim-m”, “bon-n”. Drag the last sounds as long as possible. Ideally, vibration should occur in the region of the upper lip and nose.

A similar exercise can be done with the syllables "mo-mo", "mi-mi", "mu-mu", "me-me". But in this case, first pronounce them briefly, and only then drawl.

Both exercises are best done every morning for 10 minutes. They will not only make your voice more pleasant, but will also help strengthen your vocal cords.

Long tongue

Stick out your tongue. First, point it down as far as possible, trying to reach the chin. Keeping this position, tilt your head down. Then stretch your tongue up, trying to reach the tip of your nose. At the same time, raise your head as high as possible.

To make your voice stronger

Sounds "i", "e", "a", "o", "y"

Exhale, then take a deep breath and on the second exhale, say a long “and” sound. Do it freely, as long as there is enough air. Do not force air out of your lungs. In the same way, pronounce the remaining sounds: "e", "a", "o", "u". Do three reps.

The sequence of these sounds is not random: they are distributed along the pitch. Accordingly, "and" is the highest (activates upper region head), "y" - the lowest (involves the lower abdomen). If you want to make your voice lower and deeper, practice the “y” sound more often.

Tarzan exercise

Follow the previous task, only now beat yourself in the chest with your fists, like Tarzan. The exercise is designed to fill the voice and clear the bronchi, so if you feel like clearing your throat, don't stop yourself.

lowing

This exercise activates the work of the chest and abdomen. Exhale and inhale. On the next exhale, begin to pronounce the sound "m" with your mouth closed. Perform three approaches: first, low low, then - at a medium volume, and finally - very loudly.

Growl

Raise your relaxed tongue to the palate and begin to pronounce the sound “r”. It should turn out “rrrr”, like a tractor. Repeat the exercise three times, and then expressively read a dozen words that have the sound "r". Be sure to accompany the reading with a rolling "r".

Chaliapin's exercise for tuning the voice

The great Russian singer Fyodor Chaliapin also began every morning with a growl. But he did not do it alone, but together with his bulldog. After training the sound “r”, Fedor Ivanovich began to bark at his pet: “av-av-av”.

You can repeat Chaliapin's exercise or, if you can't relax your larynx, replace it with villainous theatrical laughter. This is done simply. With your mouth open on the exhale, you laugh angrily: "ah-ah-ah-ah-ha-ha-ha-ha-ah-ah-ah-ah." The sound should come out easily and freely. At the same time, you can jump and beat yourself in the chest with your hands. This exercise will instantly clear the voice and prepare it for work.

Important to remember

When performing all exercises, you need to maintain the correct one. The stomach should be relaxed, and the chest should protrude forward. However, if you keep your back straight, these areas of the body will automatically take the correct position.

It's winter outside. Although the weather in different parts our country is very diverse, but health hazards are present everywhere. It is worth getting wet or cold feet, or getting into a draft, unpleasant consequences, such as the flu or a cold, are guaranteed. Especially careful should be those whose work is connected with the tension of the vocal cords - priests, singers, teachers, etc. The voice is a fragile instrument. and it needs to be protected no less than a Stradivarius violin. Even if he is far from opera heights, he needs to be protected no less than a Stradivari violin. So, recipes for eliminating hoarseness and strengthening the vocal cords:
* Strengthening the vocal cords - carefully chew after eating a piece of raw onion. Do this 2-4 times a day for a week.
*In case you urgently need to restore your voice - drink tea brewed with lavender flowers.
* 100 grams of carrots and boiled in half a liter of milk. Then the broth is filtered and drunk two teaspoons three times a day.
* You can gargle a strained throat with an infusion of onion peel before going to bed and in the morning before breakfast. Three teaspoons of crushed husks are poured over the floor with a liter of boiled water and brought to a boil. The resulting solution should be infused for 3 hours.
*To strengthen the vocal cords, it is recommended to periodically chew dry red rowan, as well as gargle with sage or lavender oil. Oils add 4 - 5 drops per 200 ml of water. In the evening it is good to drink a glass of warm milk with a tablespoon of honey.
* Medicinal herbs will help strengthen the voice. For example, it is useful to drink tea with black elderberry, coltsfoot or hibiscus. In this case, it is good to hold the liquid in your mouth for several minutes before swallowing.
* Common horseradish that grows in any garden will cure hoarseness. Take a small piece of horseradish, about the size of a quarter of the palm, cut the chalk and pour a third of a glass of boiling water. Cover the bowl with the solution and leave for half an hour. After that, add a pinch of sugar, stir and drink a teaspoon every 60 minutes, keeping the liquid in your mouth. As a rule, in the morning there will be a feeling of significant relief.
*If you lose your voice, you need to take 3 large leaves of aloe, rinse them well and chop them, preferably through a food processor. Get a slurry, juice is removed from it, which is mixed with slightly chilled boiled water in a ratio of 1 to 2. This infusion can gargle up to 5 times a day.
*One more folk recipe to strengthen the vocal cords - the use of tinctures.
To prepare it, add 100 grams of anise seeds to a glass of water and boil for 15 minutes. After that, cool and add a quarter cup of honey and bring to a boil. Pour a tablespoon of cognac into the hot liquid. Take hot in a tablespoon 5 times a day every 30 minutes.
*Many, breaking their voices, drink hot tea or water. This is the most common mistake: hot drinks are contraindicated in such cases. If you have lost your voice, it is better to use cool drinks that contain saline solutions and iodine.
*Exist medications to strengthen the vocal cords. First of all, these are vitamins. Their choice is now very wide. Good effect on the vocal cords "Complivit", "Supradin", "Gerimaks", "Centrum". Recently, a novelty appeared on sale - vitamins with amino acids "Amiaton" and "Aviaton". They also help to strengthen the vocal cords.
*People whose work is connected with the constant "talking room" will not interfere twice a year with injections of vitamins B1 B6, B12, ATP and aloe. You will experience fewer problems with your vocal cords if you always have honey and propolis in your diet.
* Inhalations on mineral water are very effective. The recipe is quite simple: Heat mineral water and add a few drops of some oil to it - sea buckthorn, rosehip or olive. Cover yourself with a towel and inhale these vapors deeply for 10-15 minutes. After this procedure, you will immediately feel relief.
* Inhalations on medicinal herbs and decoctions and infusions from them can also help. To moisturize the mucous membrane of the larynx and strengthen the vocal cords, linden, oak bark, sage, succession, nettle are useful. They can be taken without fear.
* There is also a special gymnastics for the voice - massage of the ligaments. The first exercise: bend your head, press your chin to your chest, close your lips and pronounce the sound “Mmmmmmmmmmm”, as long as there is enough air. You need to pronounce it in the manner of Buddhist monks, long and drawn out. Rule: lips should be ticklish.
Next: All the same sound "Mmmmmmmmmmmmm", only turn your head to the right.
Then to the left.
Then head up.
When all these exercises are over, they should be repeated with a different sound, “Mmmuu, mmmmu, mmmmu, mmmmu.” You look like a lunatic, but it helps very quickly. The voice returns.

Today, the success and future of a person often depends on the quality of articulation, therefore it is necessary to regularly train speech muscles, conduct classes to develop correct pronunciation and dictions become fundamental. Usually, similar exercises children, starting from the smallest age. From infancy, experienced teachers and educators train the children's speech apparatus. Later, the speech therapist corrects the difference between deviation and complexity, but they arise due to insufficient training and muscle development.

Is it necessary for adults?

Speech muscles are the basis of our speech, the guarantee of its quality, attractiveness, the basis of the ability to render. Few people want to listen to a person who lisps, burrs or stutters. All these problems are in our mouths, and let such a literal statement scare no one. After all, a person who cannot fully and beautifully speak suffers from poor muscle development. For adults, this problem will become especially acute if the choice of profession falls on a teacher, announcer, actor, marketer.

Dreams of becoming a successful leader will sink into oblivion if the speech is incoherent and unattractive.

What to do?

Numerous special programs and exercises have been developed for the development of speech muscles. But the most important thing in this process is the regularity of training and the desire to achieve real results. Because tongue twisters will only be the beginning important exercises, because the course should start with classes for the development of certain muscle groups. For example, stretching the lips with a tube and pronouncing the lip "O" or "U" will help in training. lower muscles, but if you pronounce poems and special phrases with the letter "E" and "E", the muscle tone will be provided to the cheeks.

Therefore, it is important that the exercises please. They need to be held in front of a mirror, and before starting, be sure to wash your hands to ensure hygiene. Then you should start with a little warm-up, like pulling and stretching the lips, stretching the tongue and others. It is enough to show your tongue in the mirror, smile, so that the speech muscles stretch a little.

To consolidate the result, do not forget about speech training, and therefore singing, pronunciation of complex words, tongue twisters and other exercises should become indispensable elements of classes.

It is advisable to work with professionals, however, even self-training of the speech apparatus and muscles will help get rid of many problems. Don't forget that similar workouts incredibly useful for women, because with constant exercise, the skin of the face remains young longer.

Not only opera singers, but also many public people whose activities are related to lecturing, teaching people, must daily perform special exercises for the development of the vocal cords. This is breathing exercises, and acupressure, and chanting, aimed at warming up the vocal cords. An indispensable condition for the qualitative strengthening of the vocal cords is the systematic training. After all, training the vocal cords, like training the muscles of the body, is a very responsible event.

So, gymnastics for the vocal cords begins with respiratory complex. First of all, it is worth learning that it is useful for the vocal cords to learn how to breathe in the stomach. This will help to save the throat in the future. Each exercise is performed while sitting, at least 12 times.

1. Deep breath in through the nose, exhale through the nose in three approaches.
2. Inhale deeply through the nose, exhale through the mouth. At the same time, we rub our hands as if we are trying warm them up.
3. Deep breath in through the nose, exhalation is like trying cool with breath hot tea.
4. Deep breath through the nose hissing breath.
5. Deep breath through the nose wheezing.