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Sprint run presentation
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Sprint running is one of the popular disciplines of running competitions and is overcoming distances from 60 to 400 meters. The popularity of the sprint is due to its dynamism, high speeds throughout the distance and a sharp, intense struggle. The types of sprint running include the relay race in different options- 4 x 100 or 4 x 200 meters and hurdles.
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Sprint running, despite its seeming simplicity, is one of the most difficult disciplines in running. In a short period of time that an athlete spends at a distance, he must give his best, demonstrate his best speed qualities and excellent coordination of movements. To win the competition, you need to cover the distance at the highest speed, without reducing it to the very finish. Such races require high speed endurance, the ability to navigate the track and adherence to the rules of short-distance running technique.
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In sprint running, the most common is a low start. It makes it possible to group and quickly enter the starting acceleration. To begin with, you need to put your feet correctly at a low start - the stronger leg is placed in front, and the weak one, respectively, in the back. Hands are shoulder-width apart, on the starting line. Then, when the command "attention!" strong leg, put your shoulders forward a little, and raise your pelvis to shoulder level. At the command "march!" it is important to push off as much as possible from the starting blocks and at the same time begin to work intensively with your hands. The second stage of the distance, the starting run, it is important to start in a deep forward bend, when the whole body weight allows you to gain maximum speed.
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The starting acceleration is the portion of the distance in which it is necessary to maximize the frequency and stride length. This is facilitated, firstly, by strong repulsion during the start, and secondly, by the speed qualities of the athlete. As the number of steps increases, the body assumes an upright position, with a slight forward tilt. The speed that you gain in the first 25-30 meters of the distance must be maintained until the finish line. It is necessary to run only on toes - this makes it possible to powerfully push off from the track surface during running and gradually increase the intensity of movement. Vigorous hand movements also help to increase speed.
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Excellent coordination of movements, composure and good reaction you will need it at the finish line. It is important not only to finish at maximum speed, but also to resist the urge to jump on the ribbon in order to improve your result. Multiple studies have shown that a jump sometimes even reduces the time it takes to cover the distance, since the athlete reduces speed before performing it and loses precious fractions of a second to prepare for the jump. It is more effective to throw to the finish line with one shoulder or chest. But for such techniques, you need to have a lot of experience and perfectly control your body.
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Sprint running stimulates the work of the heart, helps to train speed endurance, and provokes a powerful adrenaline rush. Sprint running is recommended only for trained athletes, and not only for runners. Speed qualities are simply necessary in long and high jumps, in throwing, as well as in almost all game types sports.
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Runners for middle and long distances they often practice sprinting in training, to work out the finish jerk at high speed and the ability to navigate the track, when running with high intensity. Overcoming segments of 100-400 meters are also used by marathon runners in the interval training method. These methods, which alternate between running at maximum speed and walking, are excellent at training the aerobic capacity needed to successfully complete a marathon distance.
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Without appropriate physical fitness sprinting is undesirable. It puts an increased load on the heart, makes your body look for additional sources of energy. Elements of sprinting can be included in weight loss workouts, but only after consulting a doctor.
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The health benefits of sprint running are as follows: Develop stamina, motor coordination and agility; The load on the heart allows you to effectively train the entire cardio vascular system, however, before starting classes, it is recommended to conduct an examination with a doctor in order to obtain permission to practice this type of running. To sprint, you need to have good physical fitness and running training. The efficiency of the lungs due to the high load allows you to supply oxygen to all organs and tissues of your body, as well as to most actively remove metabolic products and toxins. Raising muscle tone and maintaining them in the most developed and developed state is also a consequence of sprint running. Sprint running is very beneficial for weight loss, as this level of stress contributes to the faster burning of fat in your body.
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What could be easier than running? Why study here? The legs of a man seem to be running on their own. Yes, of course, you can just run a little, somehow. And beautifully, quickly, for a long time - It must be studied ...
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1. What does the poem say? 2. Is it true that running needs to be learned? 3. Formulate the topic of the lesson.
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KNOW WANT TO FIND OUT (A)
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We will find out:
1. How did running appear as a sport. 2. Connection of running with history, mathematics and biology. 3. Types of running in athletics... 4. High and low starts. 5. Who is the most fast man planets. 6. Are there monuments to runners.
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Historical aspect
On one of the rocks in Greece, an inscription was found: "If you want to be strong - run, if you want to be beautiful - run, if you want to be smart - run." Scientists have established that these words were carved by the ancient Hellenes 2.5 thousand years ago. A number of other literary and artistic monuments of the distant past testify that running was a favorite exercise of the ancient Greeks, and that running competitions were a kind of ritual and holiday for them. So, in the poems of Homer "Iliad" and "Odyssey", created presumably in the 8-7 century. BC e., it is said that running competitions were held in honor of the fallen heroes or as a sign of any important events.
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The first Olympic competitions in BC were held only in running. According to legend, the first Olympic Games were organized by Hercules in 1210 BC. NS. From 776 BC NS. records were kept of the games of the olympiads that were held only in the course of one stage (192 m). In 724 BC. NS. added competitions in two stages. In 720 BC. NS. a seven-stage run was added and, as an example to the winner, athletes began to compete in the nude, aided by a culture of society that extolled tanned athletic bodies. Only men competed in the race. We started running from a special threshold - "balbis", in which holes were made to support the legs. Another stone threshold marked the finish line at the end of the track - "telos". Before the start of the competition, a draw was held among the runners - from the silver urn they took out tokens with numbers indicated on them. According to these numbers, the judges placed the competitors at the start. The start consisted of races and finals, the best of the races got to the quarter finals, then to the semifinals and finals, where the winner was determined. The race began on a special command. Athletes who started ahead of time were punished with rods or sentenced to a monetary fine.
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Runners. Painting on an ancient Greek vase.
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Mathematical aspect
Length of the distance Time to cover the distance Running speed
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Biological aspect
Running strengthens the heart muscle Running stimulates the liver by improving the flow of bile. Running develops airways and lung capacity. Running helps to cleanse the body of toxins and toxins. Running trains almost all muscle groups, and healthy muscles are the key to healthy joints. Running improves performance and improves mental performance. Running forms personal qualities: self-control, willpower, dedication.
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What is running?
Running is the second, after walking, natural way of movement, which has been used by humanity since its inception. Unlike walking, while running, a person has a flight phase, that is, the moment when all his points of support (legs) are in flight. In addition, unlike walking, when running, a person does not have a two-support phase, the moment at which both legs touch the support.
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Types of sports running:
Short distance running (30-400m) Sprint (100m, 200m and 400m) Barrier run (100m, 400m); Running at medium distances (usually the distance from 800 to 3000 m is equated to medium distances, this also includes running with obstacles at 3000 m); Long distance running (there are usually two of them - 5000 m and 10 000 m); Cross (cross country running); Marathon (running along the track for very long distances); Relay (the most command type of running athletics, including the following options: 4 × 100 m, 4 × 200 m, 4 × 400 m, 4 × 800 m or 4 × 1500 m).
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Sprint phases
1.Start 2.Start acceleration 3.Running the distance 4.Finishing
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Low start
The beginning of any run is called a START. In running for short distances, where it is required to gain maximum speed as quickly as possible, use a LOW START. The athletes borrowed the low start from the kangaroo. Compressing like a spring, the runner, after a shot or command, rapidly throws his body forward. For this, the runner usually uses special STARTING PADS. They are installed in front of the line beyond which the running distances begin. The pads give the runner a solid footing for an instant, powerful take-off. The start is divided into three consecutive parts. Each of them is accompanied by a special refereeing team. After the runners have set the pads in a comfortable position, the judge commands: "TO START!" The athlete, without haste, comes to the starting point and kneels down, as you can see in the upper figure on the right. This takes about 10 seconds. At the next command "ATTENTION!" the runner transfers the weight of the body to his arms, coming to a state of full readiness to run (middle drawing). After 1.5–2 seconds, at the command "MARSH" (on the shot of the starting pistol), the athlete flies out of the blocks with a bullet, trying to develop maximum speed from the very first moments.
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High start
At the command "Get Started!" the runner approaches the starting line: - puts his strongest foot close to the starting line; - slightly turns the sock inward; - puts the other leg on 1.5-2 feet behind; - distributes the weight of the body to two legs; - the trunk is straightened; hands are freely lowered. At the command "Attention!" runner: - tilts the body forward at an angle of 45 °; the weight of the body is transferred to the strongest leg. When performing the command "March!": - the runner rushes forward - after 5-6 steps the body takes a vertical position.
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The sculptor Kostas Varotsos, who preferred to work with metal and glass, dedicated the work to the national hero of Greece, Spyridon Louis, a man who served as an ordinary postman in the suburbs of Athens. Spiridon took part in the first Olympic Games modernity in 1896, in which he won the 40-kilometer race. At the start, Louis was not the leader of the race at first, but gradually, the leaders began to withdraw from the race. Catching up with his rivals, Luis led the race a few kilometers before the finish line and finished with a score of 2:58:50. He won an important medal for his country. No doubt it was a real feat. The feat of an athlete with a 6-day sports career... Since then, the route of each marathon necessarily passes by this monument, which carries a fragile, but, at the same time, colossal power and willpower to win. Athletes are inspired and have strength for the rest of the journey.
Runner Monument
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From the book of records
The fastest man in the world The fastest man on earth is a native of Jamaica, his name is Bolt Usain. The sprinter managed to overcome the distance of one hundred meters in a time of 9:69 seconds. This happened in 2008 on August 16 at the Beijing Olympics. With this result, Bolt achieved not only a gold medal, he also set the best time indicator for the 100 meter distance, which became a world record. In the same year, at the same Olympic Games on March 20, Bolt Usain puts new record only already at a distance of 200 meters. Its result is 19:30 seconds. He wins the second gold, and, most importantly, hits earlier. set record which was choreographed by Michael Jonsan. The gap was only 0.02 seconds - not enough, but the fact remains that Bolt Usain is the fastest man in the world.
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Verification test
1. What is the name of the beginning and end of the distance? A) "March" - "Stop"; B) "Start" - "Finish"; C) "Start" - "Stop". 2. What kind of start is used in short distance running? A) High; B) Low; C) Medium. 3. Running for short distances is: A) 800 - 3000m; B) 1000 - 1500m; B) 30 - 400m. 4. What is cross? A) Running around the stadium; B) Slow running; C) Cross country running. 5. The most team type of running in athletics A) Marathon; B) Sprint; C) Relay. 6. What quality is important in short-distance running A) Speed; B) Strength; C) Endurance. 1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-C, 5-C, 6-A.
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The body is straight, without tilting, Only a little bit forward, Like the sun from the sky, In the distance it calls you with a ray. Swing your hip, foot elastically push the Earth away from you. Just put it down without knocking, Do not reject it to the side. Should run smoothly, Like the flow of a river. Only forward should strive All your movements. Hands to the beat, bent at the elbows, Do not lift strongly up, Along the line of the route Direct them freely. Do not hold your breath, Breathe to the rhythm of the movements, And your lungs will be in good condition. Try to observe this technique while running And, of course, try to understand its subtleties.
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Internet resources:
https://ru.wikipedia.org http://sprintexpress.ru/ http://www.fizkultura-vsem.ru http://www.sport-ugolok.ru
LONG DISTANCE RUNNING is a collection of track and field running disciplines in the stadium, combining various distances and running hours. LONG DISTANCE RUNNING is a collection of track and field running disciplines in the stadium, combining various distances and running hours. Classic, Olympic, are the distances of 5,000 and 10,000 meters.
This positioning of the foot requires high work of the arms and a slight tilt of the body in the direction of movement. This positioning of the foot requires high work of the arms and a slight tilt of the body in the direction of movement. In addition, high arm work increases the frequency of movements and allows you to maximize your running speed. The breathing technique is significantly different from similar jogging techniques. In addition, abdominal breathing should prevail. Ideal when the rhythm of breathing is fully coordinated with the frequency of steps and the work of the hands.
PROBLEMS AND DISEASES DURING RUNNING AT LONG DISTANCES: IN SPRINTERS: injuries of the biceps femoris and gastrocnemius soleus muscle tibia sprains, damage to the Achilles tendon, ligamentous apparatus of the ankle joint IN RUNNERS FOR MEDIUM AND LONG DISTANCES: inflammatory diseases of the foot and lower leg - tendovaginitis and paratenonitis of the Achilles tendon, myofasciitis, which occur during training on solid ground, with physical overload of the calf muscles, and with physical overload mostly, sciatic nerve
SPEED QUALITIES EXCELLENT DEVELOPES: SPEED QUALITIES EXCELLENTLY DEVELOPES: hurdles running on different terrain ACHIEVING HIGH RESULTS IN ENDURANCE: running with weights, running uphill on sand or soft ground and also running in difficult weather conditions. choosing the right tactics for the distribution of forces
Kenyan KIP LAGAT explained the dominance of his compatriots in long-distance running. Kenyan KIP LAGAT explained the dominance of his compatriots in long-distance running. The key to success in long distance running is of course endurance.
INTERESTING INFORMATION INTERESTING INFORMATION FROM THE BOOK OF GUINNESS RECORDS: Long distance races. Longest distance. In 1929 it took place in the USA, along a 5898 km highway. American JOHNNY SALO overcame it in 79 days, showing a result of 525 hours. 57 minutes 20 sec. (average speed 11.21 km / h).
Run long distances. Longest distance. Longest distance - New York 1,300 mile run. In September 1995 GEORG ERMOLAEVE (Latvia) covered this distance with a record result: 16 days 16 hours. 28 minutes 19 sec. Run long distances. Longest distance. Longest distance - New York 1,300 mile run. In September 1995 GEORG ERMOLAEVE (Latvia) covered this distance with a record result: 16 days 16 hours. 28 minutes 19 sec. Run long distances. Longest runs. ROBERT SWITGALL (USA) ran 17,071 km around America, starting and finishing in Washington, DC. This race lasted from October 9, 1982 to July 15, 1983.
Run long distances. Record mileage. DOUGLAS ALISTAIR GORDON PERI (Great Britain), who set 5 world records in the 50s, in 40 years sports life(until 1981) ran a total of 347 600 km. Run long distances. Record mileage. DOUGLAS ALISTER GORDON PERI (Great Britain), who set 5 world records in the 50s, ran a total of 347,600 km in 40 years of his sports life (until 1981). Extra Long Distances (Stadium Track Run) (Women). 6 days. 6 days: 883.681 km SANDRA BARVIK ( New Zealand) Campbeltown, Australia, 18-24 November 1990
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Description of the presentation for individual slides:
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Presentation on physical culture on the topic "Running at medium distances" Physical culture teacher Kuzmenko O.A., YMK
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Medium-distance running Medium-distance running is a run between 800 meters and two kilometers. He is one of popular types athletics, as it is not as long as a long distance run and not as fast as a sprint.
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Medium-distance running technique various techniques for each of the stages of the running segment, correctly calculate the speed. At the start, it is important to pick up the optimal speed, set the general pace of passing the entire distance. If this pace is too high, there is a risk of unnecessary energy consumption, which will lead to a poor result at the finish line.
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In the process of starting acceleration, it is recommended to increase the frequency and stride length to about 70 meters of distance, in order to gradually switch to the distance speed. The ability to pick up the starting acceleration and smoothly move to the optimal pace of running is achieved by long workouts that develop the technique and correct running tactics. When running on a distance, the body must be kept straight, with a slight forward bend. The arms are bent at right angles and move freely to the rhythm of the movement. The foot is placed on the forefoot and smoothly rolls over its entire surface. To ensure effective take-off from the lane, the jogging leg must be fully extended while swinging the free leg. This technique allows the athlete to relax for a moment. 200-400 meters before the finish line, it is necessary to tilt the body forward, increase the length and frequency of stride and the speed of hand work. Overcoming the finish line is carried out at maximum speed and requires special sprint training.
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Features of Medium Distance Running Medium-distance running requires excellent overall body endurance. Therefore, during training process great attention is paid to the development of this particular quality. The uniform method is best for endurance training, but the alternating method of training is perfect for novice athletes, in the process of which segments of fast running and walking alternate.
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For more experienced runners, cross-country cross-country endurance and continuous running at an even pace for a certain amount of time will help develop endurance. The duration of the lesson depends on the level physical fitness athlete and can reach one and a half hours. The most important thing is to select the load strictly individually, taking into account the physical state runner, constantly monitor his pulse and blood pressure, change the training intensity depending on these indicators.
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ATHLETICS Short-distance running technique Physical education teacher MBOU "Gymnasium No. 2" Voronezh Pugovichnikova RM
Running is a natural form of transportation that is included in many sports. In athletics, running is divided into smooth, obstacle course, relay, and cross country.
A characteristic feature of running is the presence of a flight phase. Running is performed with a wide step on the front of the foot, with full extension of the leg at the moment of pushing off from the ground and bringing the thigh of the other leg forward and upward, the body is slightly tilted forward, the arms are bent at the elbows, breathing is free.
Short distance running (sprint) Start; Starting acceleration; Distance running; Finishing.
High start Used at almost all running distances.
The athlete approaches the starting line and puts his strongest foot to it. The other leg is put back, resting against the ground with a toe. The body is straightened, the arms are freely lowered. At the command "ON START!"
The athlete slightly bends the leg, transferring the weight of the body to the front standing leg... The arms are slightly bent at the elbows. The gaze is directed forward. At the command "ATTENTION!"
Vigorously pushing off the ground with your feet, start running, trying to quickly pick up speed. At the command "MARSH!"
START RUN The athlete vigorously performs running movements with his legs and working his arms. The body is tilted forward. With the lengthening of the steps, the torso gradually straightens, and the runner gains maximum speed, which is maintained until the end of the run.
RUNNING ON THE DISTANCE running on the distance should be rhythmic and free, with a slight bend of the body forward (the gaze is directed forward); the leg touches the track with the front of the foot
The final effort to maintain your running speed is FINISH. You cannot finish by jumping. After the finish, you need to gradually, slowing down your run, switch to walking.
The rules in athletics are quite simple: the winner is the athlete or team who has shown top scores in the final race or final attempt in technical disciplines.
On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Outline of a physical education lesson in the 6th grade in athletics "Teaching the technique of running for short distances"
This material is a detailed summary of the physical culture lesson "Teaching the technique of running short distances" ....
The work specifies the technique of low and high start, the execution of the commands: "At the start!", "Attention!", "March!". Errors allowed at a low start are indicated. Correct setting feet, hand position when ...
METHODOLOGICAL TOOL: "Preparation for athletics competitions in sprinting for students, pupils with disabilities (HH)"
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