Apres-ski- après ski - rest after skiing.
Backcountry- backcountry - skiing on unprepared, wooded slopes, preferably away from settlements. This also includes freeride.
Big air- big air - big springboard for high jumps, this word is also called jumping competition.
Carving- carving (cut slip) - style of carving - "fitted" skis with an extended front and rear parts, with this skiing technique, skis slip very little in a turn.
Cant- Edging - the lower edge of the ski, covered with a steel plate (edging). Tilting - changing the angle of setting the skis on the ribs in relation to the snow crust.
Free-ride- freeride - free skiing without style, outside the prepared tracks. These tracks are marked with black dotted lines on the map and are intended for professionals ONLY.
Freestyle- Freestyle is a type of competition (free skiing) on ​​alpine skiing, which has become widespread in recent decades. Freestyle includes mogul (hill descent), ski cross and aerial acrobatics.
Gear hire- equipment rental.
Half-pipe- halfpipe - an artificial tube for snowboarders, usually in a snow park.
Heliski- heliskiing - off-piste off-piste skiing, delivered to the top by helicopter.
Quarter pipe- quarter pipe - "quarter pipe", another popular figure for a snowboard park.
Medical center- first-aid post.
New school (ns)- "new school". This concept has recently appeared in our country and is used to describe a new, modern application of alpine skiing, in particular - skiing on the railing (slope style, jibbing), riding in the park, performing various tricks. The direction appeared in the 90s, and such athletes as Johnny Moseley and Glen Plake can be safely considered the first newschoolers. Modern new school is not professional sports, but rather a new application of alpine skiing; a way of expressing yourself for alpine skiing professionals. New names appear every season, a lot of young people are drawn to the already famous newschoolers, and who knows, maybe this one, as they call it, extreme view sports will also someday become Olympic. Notable names: Jon Ollson, Candide Tove, Tanner Hall.
Nursery- snow Kindergarten("paddling pool") - a small fenced snow town on a gentle slope, designed for teaching and skiing children.

Off piste- off-piste skiing.
Old school – « old school". Classic skiing and riding style. Among the younger generation, it is sometimes used as a curse.
Pharmacy- pharmacy.
Piste / Slope- track, slope. The slopes are considered according to the steepness: very gentle (4-7 degrees), gentle (8-15 degrees), medium (15-25 degrees), steep (25-35 degrees) and very steep (over 35 degrees).
Powder- powder - freshly fallen snow, soft as powder.

Ski-bus- ski bus - a ski bus that runs around the resort town and takes people from hotels to ski lifts and back.
Ski lift- lift.
Belt lifts operate on golf courses, snowboard parks, children's parks, year-round indoor complexes, as auxiliary lifts in ski resorts.
Cable car / Gondolas- gondola (ski lifts) - high-speed cabins can accommodate from 6 to 24 people. They accumulate at the lower and upper stations, so you can safely enter and exit them.
Funicamp- cable-rail lifts - a funicular, a cable car, along which modern closed cabins with a capacity of 24 people go.
Chair lift – chair lifts- (single, double and multi-seat).
Surface lift- towing lifts:
Baby lift- a towing lift for children or a lift of the "baby-lift" type. The hoist is a cable with brackets attached to it. You grab this brace and it will drag you along.
Drag lift- drag lift, tows skiers in the snow. It is a bare cable, which is driven by an electric motor located at the bottom of the slope.
Platter lift (USA), Вutton lift and Poma lift (Europe)- "push-button" towing lift or "plate". It is a continuously moving cable, to which poles are attached, at the ends of which plates are fixed. These poles can move continuously with the cable, or they can accumulate below, waiting for the skier to grab them. But the main thing for you is to slip your plate between your legs and go to the top of the slope.
T-bar lift- T-type towing hoist or mop. The lift itself looks like a large, upside-down "T" attached to the cable by the leg. Designed for lifting 2 people at once.
J-bar lift- towing "anchor" lifts, the shape of which resembles an anchor. Usually, two people can cling to one barbell at once.
Ski-pass- ski pass for the lifts.
Ski-stop- ski-feet - a ski attachment in the form of two opening horns, designed to hold the unfastened ski on the snow.

Ski terrain- ski area.
Valley- Valley ¾ a place under the slope of a mountain in the form of an elongated depression between mountains or hills, where a skier descends.
Flat- Plain - flat, without ups and downs, terrain located at an altitude of 500 m above sea level.
Soil- Virgin lands - huge fields of untouched snow, which can only be found off the track. Snowboarders are usually involved in off-road skiing, as a skier's narrow skis can sink in deep, soft snow.
Low-mountain relief- low mountains - terrain at an altitude of 600 m to 1200 m above sea level.
Middle mountains- middle mountains (or moderate heights) - an area located at an altitude of 1000–2000 m above sea level.
High mountain- highlands - an area at an altitude of more than 2500 m above sea level.

Snowblade- a variety of skis (short and wide).
Snow canon- snow cannons for the production of artificial snow.
Snow park- an artificial park built on the slope for freestyle, jumping (mainly for snowboarders).
Telemark Is a skiing style with a free-running heel that is now gaining popularity among the masses, especially in the Scandinavian countries. Named after the province in Norway where it comes from.

Run- ski slope - a specially prepared and equipped area of ​​the slope with a relief that meets the requirements of a particular type of skiing or recreation.

In terms of complexity, the tracks are subdivided into:
Green run- green track - the easiest track (for beginners).
Blue run- blue track - the next track in terms of difficulty (also suitable for beginners).
Red run- red trail - difficult trail (for advanced skiers)
Black run- black track - the most difficult track (for professionals)
By destination there are: sports, educational, tourist, specialized ski slopes. Examples of specialized sports trails are:
Mogul run- a mogul track - a track with a large number of hillocks, on which a kind of skiing is practiced - mogul (for well-trained skiers).
Slalom run- slalom track - as a rule, in terms of difficulty level not lower than red, designed for downhill skiing, made for competitions.

Avalanche- avalanche - falling masses of snow, firn and ice. Distinguish between avalanches and ice avalanches.
Christy, christie- turn (synonym - turn) - change the direction of descent.
Glacier- glacier - a mass of ice, mainly of atmospheric origin, experiencing a viscous-plastic flow under the influence of gravity. In the ski resorts, it is possible to ski downhill skiers on the glaciers.
Injury- ski injuries - damage to the integrity of the skin, subcutaneous fat, tendons, muscles, bones. Typical skiers injuries - helical fractures of the lower leg, fractures of the ankles, sprains ankle, tears and damage to menisci and ligaments knee joint, frostbite of fingers and toes, general hypothermia, eye burns, bruises of the soft tissues of the limbs and trunk, dislocations in the shoulder joints.
Massage- massage - a mechanical effect of special techniques on human tissues and organs, carried out by an apparatus or hands. One of the recovery methods.
Side-step- a ladder is the most common way of skiing uphill.
Skating step- skating step - a skier's rectilinear movement along a slope or on a flat area with alternate pushing off and sliding on one ski according to the pattern of a skater's movements.
Ski accessories- ski cosmetics - creams and ointments that protect against the effects of the sun, wind, cold.
Ski Equipment- the skier's outfit consists of equipment (skis, boots, bindings, poles) and accessories (ski helmet, goggles, suit, gloves or mittens, face shield from the wind, backpack, pads and shields, belt bag, boot bag, case for skis, hat, headband, ski socks and underwear).
Ski Instructor- instructor - a specialist in the field of alpine skiing, trained and certified according to a specific training program in instructor training courses.
Ski patrol- ski rescuer - a person who has been trained and trained to provide the first first aid medical care(Ministry of Emergency Situations Red Cross, medical education), a member of the rescue team at the ski resort.
Ski sport- Alpine skiing - slalom, giant slalom, super-giant slalom, downhill. All this - Olympic disciplines... Legendary athletes: Austrian Herman Mayer, Italian Alberto Tomba, Pirmin Zurbriggen from Liechtenstein, Freni Schneider from Switzerland, Swede Ingemar Stenmark, Mark Girardely from Luxembourg, German Katya Seizinger.
Snowcat- Snow groomers - special wide-track tractors with attachments and balancers for working on snowy slopes.
Snow plow (wedge)- plow - position of skis set at an angle with toes flattened. Technique of the simplest sliding, braking and turning on gentle slopes.
Step turning- stepping - a method of turning on skis, consisting in alternately fanning skis with a load transfer and sliding on the upper ski (with the lower one in a parallel position).
Straight down- straight descent - a straight-line movement down the slope line on parallel set, down-turned skis on a flat slope or on a slope of variable circularity.
Stance- rack - the position of the skier on the descent. In terms of height, the rack can be low, medium, high. According to the degree of inclination of the body back and forth, anterior, normal and posterior stands are distinguished.
Wax- ski ointment - a thick paraffin-based substance for lubricating skis, which improves their glide.

Alpine skiing is a whole world. Like any sport or hobby, alpine skiing has a certain terminology that is not always clear to beginners. The terms were created in order to facilitate communication between skiers, so it will be very useful to know them. Many of these terms are used even in thematic articles or when describing tours.

For convenience, all terms are listed alphabetically.

Après-ski- all the entertainment that the ski resort provides. The après ski area includes discos, restaurants, bars, sports complexes and health centers. From French it literally translates as "after skiing", that is, après-ski is a complex of entertainment outside of skiing.

Bordercross - competition between four athletes for speed. Passes on a special track with jumps, bumps and ditches to complicate the descent.

"High season - dates of maximum fullness ski resorts tourists. Usually the "high" season falls on New Year and Christmas, as well as from the beginning of February to the very end of March. The opposite of the high is Low season when there are fewer tourists in the resorts. This season starts around January 10th, although dates vary by country and resort.

Downhill- very fast, downhill descent.

Downhill

Mogul- riding on an uneven track, on bumps.

Lift- special equipment that brings people to the top of the slope, to the beginning of the track. There are several types of lifts. On chairlifts, a person rises sitting in a chair, on drag lifts he is lifted directly on a snowboard or skis, and on a funicular he rides in a special trailer suspended on a cable. In some places, there is a rise in the train on special rails.

Rent - In almost any ski resort, any equipment necessary for skiing is freely issued for a while. The standard rental set of skis is skis with bindings, poles and boots. Boots are also included with the snowboard. Clothing items are less often rented, but they are sold in resorts.

Powder- very soft snow that has just fallen. It usually occurs after an overnight snowfall in the early morning. The quality of the snow also strongly depends on the geography of the slope - in the southern part it melts very quickly and becomes covered with a crust, but on the northern slopes the snow remains soft for a long time.

Ratrak- a tractor with wide tracks, balancers and attachments. Designed specifically for slopes. The ratracks cut, level and roll the snow, form elements of the snow relief - in general, they are engaged in the creation of the track.

Ski bass- a bus that takes skiers from their places of residence directly to the ski lifts. Such buses operate throughout the entire time while the lifts are in operation. Buses often have multiple stops at different locations and run throughout the resorts. Ski-buses are free in European resorts. They are available in all resorts, except those where you can easily walk from the hotel to the slope.

Lift pass- a subscription that gives you the right to use the ski slopes and lifts of a particular resort. It is usually purchased at special cash desks at the base. cable cars... In Europe, it is customary to sell a ski pass for a certain number of days - from one to a month, or even more. Of course, the more days you pay at one time, the cheaper the day is.

Snow cannon - equipment that makes artificial snow. Cannons are mobile or stationary, and are sprays of water supplied from a tank or water supply under high pressure. In order for the sprayed water to form snow, the air temperature must be below +3 ° C.

Snow manger - they are also sometimes called "the paddling pool". They are a fenced-off section of the slope where children are taught to ski.

The descent- an action performed by a skier or snowboarder, rolling down the track.

Telemark- "retro" riding style and equipment. Its main difference from modern alpine skis is the special mount design. These bindings allow you to open the heel away from the ski, bending the knee, and thus make a turn.

Track - road for skiers, which is laid along the slope in the form of a winding smooth line. The tracks are divided into categories by difficulty:

· Green - very easy tracks on which you can drive in a straight line, almost without picking up speed. Good for very beginner skiers, absent in many resorts;

· Blue - easy tracks, suitable for beginners and advanced skiers;

· Red - tracks of average difficulty for experienced athletes;

· Black - the most difficult tracks for real professionals and brave enough people.

Fan Park - part of the slope or the entire slope where not skiers ride, but snowboarders.

Freeriding - Skiing on different types of snow, any type of slope, free skiing.

Half-pipe - literally translated from English as "half-pipe". It is a structure made of snow for snowboarders, which looks like a rigid chute with slightly raised edges.

Heli-skiing - off-piste skiing. It differs from skiing on virgin lands in that skiers are taken to the top of the slope by helicopter, since there are no lifts to such slopes.

Virgin land- an area of ​​the slope not processed and not rolled by machines. It can only be found off the track. You can ride on virgin soil, but this requires certain skills and equipment.

Apres-ski - a complex of entertainment and leisure in the mountains, including bars, restaurants, discos, health centers, sport complexes... Literally translated from French, it means "after skiing".

Bobsled- downhill from the mountains along special ice tracks on controlled all-metal sleighs

Bordercross (boardercross) - speed competition with the simultaneous start of four athletes on a prepared track equipped with ditches, hillocks and jumps.

Yoke- towing ski lift.

High season- usually the "high" season is understood as the dates of the greatest workload of ski resorts by tourists - first of all, the New Year and Christmas periods. The next period of a surge in skiing activity is the beginning of February, and it lasts until the end of March. This is due to the increase in daylight hours and, accordingly, the operating time of the lifts. The period from January 10 to the beginning of the student holidays is the "low" season.

Ski kindergarten (nursery) - a small fenced snow town on a gentle slope, designed for teaching and skiing children.

Ski resort- a territory in a mountainous area equipped for active recreation and sports, medical and preventive procedures, with opportunities for skiing, snowboarding, mountaineering, mountain tourism and other, usually mountain, winter and summer sports.

Ski etiquette - a set of unspoken rules of behavior on the slope for skiers. For example: in the event of a collision with each other, the skier who was higher up the slope is to blame.

Downhill (dounhill) - downhill

Jibing- descent along various railings and other artificial structures

Kant- a steel strip running along the sliding surface of the ski or snowboard, allowing you not to slip when cornering; made of stainless, well-hardened steel

Carving (carving) - "cut" turns on the track and off the track

Carving (carves) - shortened skis with a narrowed "waist" and wide ends.

Quarter-pipe (quarter-pipe) - a quarter of the "pipe" (or half a half-pipe)

Cross-country (cross country) -cross-country skiing as well as a cross-country ski trail.

Mogul (mogul) - hillock, rolling on hillocks.

Low season- in contrast to the "high season" dates of the least congestion of ski resorts by tourists. Usually starts after the New Year and Christmas holidays, from about 10 January until the start of the student holidays.

Off-pist (off piste) - off-piste skiing.

Parallel slalom- a competition in which two boarders try to get ahead of each other on two perfectly parallel tracks

Powder, powder. Freshly fallen snow, soft as powder, as well as rolling on soft deep snow with small and medium radius bends. The ideal powder is usually in the morning, after heavy snowfall at night. Also, the quality of the snow depends on the geographical position of the slope: on the southern side, the snow is melted by the sun and therefore quickly becomes crusty; on the northern part of the slope, the snow stays in the state of powder longer.

Lift (skilift)- a technical structure in a mountainous area, designed to lift skiers and snowboarders to the place where the descent starts. It is also used for the ascent and descent of tourists. There are two main classes of ski lifts: air - lifts, with the help of which people are lifted in cabins or chairs, suspended from a cable, with separation from the earth's surface, and ground - lifts, with the help of which people are lifted without separation from the earth's surface. The main types of lifts: chair lift - lifting is carried out in a chair for 1 - 8 people, rope tow - lifting is carried out while standing on skis or snowboard, alone or together, gondola lift - lifting occurs in a suspended a cable car that can accommodate from 4 people to several groups. In addition, it is possible to ascend by train on specially laid rails - a funicular.

Hire (rent-a-ski). Almost all the necessary equipment can be rented at any resort. As a rule, the standard rental set of skis includes the skis themselves with bindings, boots and poles. Snowboards with bindings rely on boots. Often, rental centers offer to take out insurance against theft of equipment for a small fee. It is better to have your own garments, but in principle you can buy them locally.

Ratrak a special wide-track tractor with attachments and balancers for working on snowy slopes: it rolls (compresses), levels, cuts off the snow cover, forms bumps and other elements of the snow relief of the track

Rail in a snowboard park - a metal tube used for skiing, in normal conditions - a simple handrail

Flight(race) sports riding on hard (compacted) snow at high speed, slalom and giant slalom competitions

Ski bass (ski-bus) - usually a free shuttle bus that takes skiers from hotels to the ski lifts. They work all the time while the lifts are open. Buses run around the resort, stopping at designated places. The timetable hangs on the sign at each such stop.

Lift pass (ski-pass) - a subscription that gives the right to use the ski lifts and ski slopes of the resort. Purchased at the box office at the lower cable car stations. Ski passes are usually sold for a certain number of days: from 1 day to several months (seasonal).

Slope- in alpine skiing, the slopes are considered according to the steepness: very gentle (4 - 7 °), gentle (8 - 15 °), medium (15 - 25 °), steep (25 - 35 °) and very steep (over 35 °).

Slippery - sliding surface skis, that is, exactly the one on which the ski directly glides

Slalom- high-speed descent from the mountain with rounding "gates" or flags on poles, characterized by short turning radii Snow cannons, equipment for the production of artificial snow; consists of stationary or mobile "guns" - sprays of water supplied under pressure through water pipes or from a tank

Snow cannons- equipment for the production of artificial snow. It consists of stationary or mobile "cannons" - sprays of water supplied under the pressure of the compressor through water pipelines or from a tank. For the formation of snow particles from the sprayed water, the temperature of the surface air layer must be below + 3- + 5 ° C.

Snowboard(snowboard) - descent through the snow from the mountain slopes on a specially equipped board; sometimes separate elements are built on slopes designated for snowboarding, such as half pipes, slide balconies, pro-jumps, etc.

The descent- direct action, implying a skier or snowboarder rolling down the track.

Tandem boarding- pair skating on a board according to the principle of a tandem bicycle

Telemark- equipment and riding style "retro". Its main difference from classic alpine skiing is in the design of the bindings that allow you to "tear off" the heel from the ski to make a turn, while deeply bending the knee forward towards the ski. The loose heel and soft toe of the boot allow you to glide downhill and walk freely on level ground, climb uphill and jump from trampolines

Track- ski road, laid in the form of a smooth winding tape along the slope. The ski slopes are divided into four categories:

- green- the simplest tracks on which a beginner skier can ride without turns at a minimum speed.

- blue- simple trails, designed for beginners and advanced skiers, on which gently sloping sections prevail, although there are also uneven terrain, but without jumps and other differences in height.

- red- tracks of medium difficulty, which have a steep descent along their entire length, or are a combination of gentle and steep sections.

- black- especially difficult tracks, designed for experienced skiers and professionals, on which not only steep slopes prevail, but also sometimes abrupt changes in altitude, where you have to make jumps.

Tubing (tubing) - descent from the mountain on air mattresses, car cameras, etc.

Fun park (fun park) - an equipped slope or a part of it, at the complete disposal of snowboarders.

Freeriding (free riding) - skiing on any type of slope, different types snow, with different turning radii

Freestyle (freestyle) - a skiing style that combines jumping from trampolines, various rotations on flat slopes, riding in a half-pipe, as well as independent discipline winter sports... Varieties: ski acrobatics, ski cross, mogul, new school skiing, slopestyle, ski ballet

Half-pipe (half-pipe) - literally "half pipe", a snow structure for snowboarders, resembling a gutter shape with raised edges

Heli-skiing (helicopter skiing) - off-piste skiing from hard-to-reach slopes or mountain peaks, where skiers are delivered by a helicopter

Virgin land - untreated snow, not rolled by snow groomers, which can only be found off the track. Off-road riding requires special equipment and special equipment.

19.08.2009

In order not to seem like a teapot, when going to a ski resort from Kazan for the first time, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the dictionary of basic skiing terms, without which many professional skiers simply cannot do and which, of course, will be useful to a novice tourist in Kazan, at least when teaching alpine skiing in courses.

• Azul forfeit- variety Super ski pass, which gives the right to ride 5 days a week from Monday to Friday
• Blanko forfeit- variety Super ski pass, giving the right to ride 5 out of 6 days a week to choose from (except Sunday)
• Funicamp- a kind of funicular with a capacity of 20-35 people
• Rent-a-ski - paid rental of ski equipment
• Snow blade - very short skiing style. Resembles ice skating and is quite challenging
• Avalman- turn when descending with squatting and pushing the skis forward
• Apres-ski - translated from French means "after skiing" - the entire infrastructure of a particular ski resort, not directly related to skiing (restaurants, bars, hotels, billiards, etc.)
• Ballet- a subspecies of freestyle, similar to figure skating by ski
• Baby elevator- a lift in the form of an escalator for children as entertainment. Baby elevators can only afford, as a rule, expensive resorts
• Big air (big air) 1 - a springboard for very high jumps in snowboarding. Variety fanpark
• Big air (big air) 2 - jumping competition big air
• Boarder cross - descent of a group of snowboarders (4-8 people) with the pursuit of each other, various tricks at the same time and the use of power struggle
• Drag lift- of the simplest design, a hoist consisting of a cable with seats attached to it: " French plates"(see below) or" anchors"(see below). Drag lifts, as a rule, are used at small elevation changes, and skiers move on them without taking off their skis
• Back Country 1- cross-country skiing
• Back Country 2 - in snowboarding, skiing on unadapted slopes. Very dangerous
• Green slope- green track (easiest difficulty level). see also blue, red, black track
• Camus - fluffy tape worn on skis to increase friction with the snow and facilitate climbing uphill
• Carves- Alpine skis of a certain shape: narrow in the middle and widening at the back and front. This design allows the skier to develop a higher speed.
• Kant - metal edging on the edges of the skis
• Tilting - setting skis on the ribs to increase / decrease the speed of descent. Distinguish between the terms edging, edging and edging.
• Oblique descent / traverse- downhill skiing not parallel to the track to reduce the speed of descent
• Red slopes- the third level of difficulty after green and blue tracks
• Quarter pipe- variety halfpipe in the form of a quarter circle
• Mogul- downhill skiing along the track with hillocks. For experienced skiers only
• New-school- Skating on various subjects in snowboarding (tables, cars and even people). Variety fanpark
• Off-piste - skiing on absolutely not adapted tracks. Carries a great risk and threat to life. For experienced skiers only
• Powder- skating on virgin soil
• Overstepping - the way the skier turns when he alternately moves one leg in the direction of the turn
• Plow- a method of downhill skiing, when the toes are brought together and the heels are widely spaced. Used for braking and cornering
• Lift- an automatic device that delivers the skier from the foot of the track to the starting level of the descent
• Powder - cm. virgin land
• Shattered virgin land- the track, alternating soft snow cover with hard, rather difficult and dangerous
• Rattrak- a specialized tractor, leveling, cutting, rolling, etc. ski slopes
• Rostovka - ski length in centimeters. It is selected based on the height of the skier and the method of descent / skiing
• Blue slopes- the blue track is the second most difficult after the green one. see also green, red, black track
• Ski-bus - bus transporting tourists from ski resorts to hotels, as well as between resorts
• Ski-pass- cm.
• Slalom 1- style ski slope wrap around the gate, characterized by sharp turns
• Slalom 2- in snowboarding - a speed competition for the simultaneous descent of two snowboarders on parallel identical tracks
• Snow manger ("paddling pool")- fenced area for teaching children to ski downhill
• Snow canon (snow canon)- a device for the production and spraying of artificial snow
• Super-ski-pass- cm.
• Twin type- skis with a rounding at both ends. Is used for freestyle
• Traverse - cm. oblique descent
• Fan carving- a special style of downhill skiing: no ski poles and special trajectory
• Funpark- downhill snowboarding with artificial obstacles such as half-pipe, big-air, cuote-pipe
• French plates- seats on drag lift (see above) fastened to the main rope with springs
• Freeskiing - mixed riding style, reminiscent of surfing on the water
• Freeride- free riding style. Implies high speed and unprepared tracks
• Freestyle- skiing style 64 cm long on hillocks with constant jumps
• Funicular- a huge lift with a carriage that can accommodate 80-150 people at the same time, delivering skiers to very high peaks and covering kilometers at the same time
• Half pipe- a canal in the snow in the form of a semicircle 100-200 m long and 15-20 m wide for snowboarding. Variety fanpark
• Heli-ski- skiing using a helicopter instead of a lift. Often used for very large (over 1500 m) elevation differences)
• Hot Dog- so called experienced freestylers
• Virgin land- fresh snow, recently fallen. On the one hand, it softens the blows when falling and is very exciting, on the other hand, it can hide stones under it. (See also Shattered virgin land)
• Black slopes- the most difficult track level for professionals. see also green, blue, red track
• Anchors- seats on drag lift(see above), attached to the main cable rope with metal poles

:: Skier's vocabulary

Ski equipment- the set of ski equipment includes a pair of skis with modern bindings and special ski boots, as well as a pair of ski poles, ski overalls (or trousers with a jacket), gloves, ski goggles. Alpine skiing is divided into sports, amateur and professional. Also available are ladies' and children's skis of various characteristics and extreme class skis for off-piste skiing.

Lift- a transport structure that allows you to overcome the height difference on the mountain. There are the following types of lifts:
Towing (towing) ones are a long moving cable, on which the simplest seats are located at a certain distance - devices in order to climb the slope. There are also two types of seats: "French plate" and "anchor". The "plate" is on a spring, the "anchor" is on a metal pole. Skiers climb the drag lift without removing their skis. Typically, these lifts are used on low slopes.

Chair lifts are used for climbing higher slopes. It is clear that they are single and double chairs, sometimes with a transparent plastic roof that protects from wind and snow.

Using suspended cab lifts (four-, six- and multi-seat cabins), skiers take off their skis. They put them on already at the top of the slope.

Cable-rail funiculars with large carriages for up to 100-150 people bring skiers and board-skiers to the highest slopes. With skis and boards in hand, vacationers swim over gorges and abysses, heading to the beginning of the route.

For the smallest skiers, there is a "baby lift" - a moving belt of the escalator type. Such care for future skiers is offered, as a rule, in expensive fashionable resorts.

Ratraki- special wide-track tractors with attachments and balancers for working on snowy slopes. They roll (tamp), level, cut off the snow cover, form mounds and other elements of the snow relief of the track

Snowboard- snow surf (board). The advent of snowboarding has played a truly revolutionary role in the development of active winter recreation. While alpine skiing retains a reputation for being a serious sport that requires perseverance and commitment from its adherents, snowboarding has become famous for its innovative manners and democratic spirit. Among skiers, strict laws and certain rules are strictly observed, and snowboarders, having trampled all the canons of civilized skiing on the tracks, proclaimed complete freedom of movement, sometimes bordering on lawlessness. Some time ago, in famous western resorts, snowboarders were prohibited from using lifts. Then people with boards behind their backs went up on foot. Or it was forbidden to ride on civilized tracks, but they declared skiing off the tracks to be the highest pleasure. Today the trails for skiers and boarders are "divided", and the lovers of these sports do not interfere with each other. Every year there are more and more "doochniks". The number of people snowboarding around the world is projected to be 5 million. Almost half are former skiers. There is even such a saying: "Everyone watched the skiers who, having tried snowboarding, left their skis, but no one knows the snowboarders who would want to get on the skis."

Ski-pass- a subscription that gives you the right to use lifts and slopes. You can buy a subscription directly at the ticket offices of the lifts. Sometimes, depending on the region, there are other possibilities, for example at local tourist offices. Each region creates its own ski pass packages and follows its own marketing strategy. The final form of the offer largely depends on the terms and duration of the subscription and on who it is purchased for. Especially significant changes in the cost of the subscription will be in the event that it comes about children, youth, families or retirees. Children under 6 years old accompanied by an adult can generally use the ski lifts free of charge.
There is a clear division into seasons: pre- and post-seasons, main season and off-season. It should be noted that in the pre- and post-season lifts may function to a limited extent, so not all slopes will be accessible. The price of a subscription also depends on its duration; it is possible to purchase half-day, daily, weekly and seasonal subscriptions.

Ski passes can be divided into the following categories: regular, smart card, swatch access.

Regular pass is a plastic card that is inserted when passing through the turnstile. The machine reads the data, the green light comes on - and the road to winter joys is open.

Smart card- this is again a plastic card with a built-in chip, where information can be recorded that turns a smart card into a daily, weekly, seasonal. Finally, the tedious search for the required subscription is left behind; when approaching the turnstile, it is enough to bring the card to the reader.

Swatch Access- The principle of operation here is the same as that of a smart card, the difference is that the chip is integrated into Wrist Watch... Among the advantages of this system is the fact that you can choose a watch model according to your own taste.

Hire (rent-a-ski). At any resort, you can rent almost everything you need to appear on the mountain in an appropriate form. As a standard, a rental ski set includes the skis themselves with bindings, boots, and poles. It is clear that it is better to have your own clothing items (overalls, several cotton turtlenecks with long sleeves, a pair of gloves, several pairs of ski socks, a hat or bandage, ski goggles, boots). The average cost of renting ski equipment (in EUR) in European resorts is approximately the following: standard skis, boots and poles - 15 (1 day), 40 (3 days), 69 (6-7 days); last season models (TOP) skis, boots, poles - 1 (1 day), 57 (3 days), 98 (6-7 days); new models (VIP) skis, boots, poles-29 (1 day), 78 (3 days), 132 (6/7 days); children's skis, boots and poles-15 (1 day), 39 (3 days), 66 (6/7 days).

Ski-bass (ski-bus). A bus that runs around the resort and takes skiers from the hotels to the ski lifts. The operating time of the bus is directly related to the operating mode of the lifts. Travel by ski-bass is free. I must say that buses are almost everywhere, with the exception of very small resorts, where you can walk from hotels to the slopes. It is clear that in this case the ski bass is simply not needed.

Apres-ski does not translate. This beautiful phrase hides the whole complex of leisure activities in the mountains, including bars, restaurants, discos, health centers, sports complexes. Translated from French, it means "after skiing". Drink mulled wine at the end of the day on the mountain, après ski, play bowling - the same. When the main event of the day is the pleasure of speed, snow and altitude, all other ways of resting somewhat lose their relevance.

Carves- a separate class of skis that arose in the evolution of alpine skiing: very narrow in the middle and gradually widening towards the toes and heels. They sharply differ from the "classic" alpine skiing in the design and technique of skiing. The main characteristic feature is the ability to develop very high speed. There are two sub-styles of carving - long arcs of large diameter and short and quick cut turns. In the first case, the speed is very high, so you need longer skis with a smaller sidecut diameter and harder. For short arcs, skis are provided shorter and with a radius of less - 18 meters. The speed in this case is lower. It is better to ride on prepared slopes.
Fan-carving is an extreme type of carving technique that excludes the use of poles and is characterized by the presence of trajectories and elements of the skier's movements unusual for the "classic".

Virgin land- recently fallen, untouched, soft snow. Falls on such a slope are not dangerous, because the snow absorbs all shocks, and injuries are almost impossible. However, when riding on such snow, you need to take into account some peculiarities: it is necessary to maintain speed - when slowing down, there is a danger of falling through and getting stuck in the snow. In addition to the truly fantastic pleasure of skiing, on such a slope there can be dangers in the form of hidden stones, stumps, as well as gorges covered with a thin layer of snow. Only attention and concentration when skiing, especially off-piste, will help to get rid of such dangers.
Shattered virgin land such a surface occurs mainly on tracks where a lot of people ride, and the slope is not monitored and the places of compaction of soft snow alternate with rolled hard sections. Skiing on such a slope is more difficult and more aggressive, but no less exciting. Such skiing requires special attention to accurately select the line of descent.

Freeskiing- a completely new style of behavior on the slope, which involves the fluency and mixing of several styles of skiing and gliding wherever it pleases. Usually it is supposed to ride on steep, unprepared slopes. Freeskiing skis are wider than usual skis, which allows you to feel confident on virgin snow. Experts compare driving on such snow to surfing on huge tidal waves. As a rule, very experienced skiers and boarders are fond of freeskiing. And, of course, this is a very expensive pleasure. Even if you do not take into account the cost of the best equipment - but only with such equipment it makes sense to freeskiing, in order to keep yourself in shape, you need to spend the entire season in the mountains, and in the summer to be able to hit the road for a week somewhere on the glacier. Virgin lands in European resorts are often rolled out, therefore, freeskiing is very often associated with renting a helicopter.

Heli-ski riding using a helicopter as a delivery vehicle up the mountain. The difference in altitude in one descent can reach 1500-1700 m of untouched virgin snow. The number of descents per day is no more than 7. Each group member receives an avalanche sensor and is instructed.

Snow blade- short skis "for hooligans". The technique of skating strongly resembles the movements of a skater. Of course, this is a special case of using this toy, which gives pleasure mainly due to its maneuverability. Short skis suitable for beginners and experts and athletes. Slopes - any, except difficult. Snow condition - almost any, except for deep virgin soil, broken snow and icy track. This is a great addition for the pleasure of a real carver. On these skis, you can ride either in front or in the back, the slope and the presence of bumps do not matter. Some people who are imbued with a special love for the blade, even on a mogul, ride or jump in front of sitting boarders - in a word, they are hooligans.

Freestyle- trick riding on prepared, hilly slopes. Usually they ski on Bigfoot skis - skis 64 cm long, outwardly reminiscent of real alpine skis, but rounded on both sides. Standing on them, you feel as if you are in giant boots - you can ride, slide, walk, run, jump and even dance. This piece is as if made for freestyle, its design will push you to new styles of movement and the search for balance. Freestyle is the roots of freeriding.

Freeride- the term is borrowed from snowboarders. It means skiing without style, for fun, free skiing off the prepared slopes. It involves large arcs, high speeds and most often completely uncomfortable snow.

Off-piste- off-piste skiing on unmarked and unprepared slopes. Experienced skiers can afford it without risking their lives.

Back Country is, rather, cross-country skiing for tourists. Designed for hiking without a ski track. Sometimes they are used to transport cargo, tourists put backpacks, tents on them and pull them over snowdrifts, off-road, so these skis are stronger.
Back-country snowboarding - skiing on unprepared, wooded slopes, preferably away from populated centers.

Funpark Snowboarding is a joy, especially when you can ride on a specially prepared and fenced part of the slope, where the halfpipe, the boardercross track, various jumps, railings, tables, and sometimes even "broken" cars, on which dashing riders ride, are located. When skaters and surfers began to snowboard in the late 70s, they began looking for terrain that would give them a familiar feel. Due to the action of wind, water and gravity, smooth bends are very common in nature. And in those places where there were no natural formations, people with their own hands did what without which riding on the board seems insipid. Here are a few "gadgets" without which no normal funpark is possible:
half pipe (exact translation - "half pipe") - a snow channel in the form of a pipe cut in half, 80-120 m long, 16-18 m wide.
big air - a big springboard, the highest jump. This is also the name of the jumping competition.
Quarter pipe is another figure for a snow park. "Quarter Trumpet".

New-school- a new direction in the style of riding snowboarders. Skiing on various subjects - picnic tables, railings, cars and ... skiers!

Boarder cross- a unique snowboarding discipline, where 5 or 6 snowboarders go down, chasing each other; jumps and tricks are encouraged. The track contains hillocks and jumps, power wrestling is allowed ...

Slalom- downhill downhill, skirting the gate, characterized by short turning radii. Parallel slalom in snowboarding is an extremely exciting and entertaining competition, when two boarders try to get ahead of each other on two perfectly parallel tracks.

Mogul (slope, technique)- This is skiing on a specially prepared ski slope with many natural or artificial mounds - hills. It requires a special technique, good riding skills and, of course, training! Due to the increased danger at the edge of the track, special care should be taken. The mogul trails provide experienced skiers the perfect opportunity to show off their level of skiing and experience the ultimate adrenaline rush.

Powder- skiing on deep and soft fresh snow.