When all goes well, aiming the gun at a moving target is as simple as pointing your finger at it. It really is the same natural movement. Or it should be like this. The problem is that we humans tend to develop bad habits. These habits, in turn, can make it easier to miss rather than hit the target. Even when it seems that you are doing everything right on the stand or in the field, the sensations can be wrong. When you're tired, chances are good that you will make one of these mistakes and not even notice it. This article describes the five most common causes of misses and how to fix them. Observing which you will understand how to learn how to shoot accurately and minimize the number of misses.

You peep

It is nice to see how the target is destroyed or feathers are scattered from the hit of the shot. In practice, this is a magnificent sight, many shooters want to see it so much that they lift their head from the stock immediately after pressing the trigger. The problem is, if you peep, you will most likely miss. Instead, focus on the tab and stare at the target. Do this from the moment the target leaves the typewriter and keep the tab for a while after pressing the trigger, and then you will not only see hits on the target, but you will also observe them much more often.

You change focus

There are many products advertised on the market that can improve your flying target performance. Most of them are flies of different colors and shapes or other devices attached to the end of the barrel of the gun. They work great when aiming at a stationary target, such as a turkey, but for a quickly flashing target, be it a plate or a bird, there are more problems than they solve. Why? Because the last thing you need to look at when shooting at a flying target is your barrel. A bright front sight can force you to shift focus from the target to the barrel, sometimes several times from the beginning of aiming until the shot. The moment you look at the barrel, you stop the leash. Instead, focus on just one thing - the goal.

Point Shooting

The flying target seems light. She approaches the shooter. Unfortunately, these targets are missed more often than they should be because shooters tend to aim at a point in front of the target and press the trigger. This can work if the target is flying directly at you and fits into the pattern, but this is a rare case. In fact, the target is approaching at an angle, sometimes at a very small angle, and as a result, the shooter's intended flight pattern is confirmed, or he misses. Instead, follow the target in flight and do not stop the movement of the gun. And then you will hit every time.

You don't follow through

Doubles, with an intersecting trajectory or flying in pairs, puzzle even the most experienced shooters. The problem is that most people think about how to hit the second target before they shoot the first. This haste leads to premature movement of the barrels on the first shot, that is, the shooter fires a shot and immediately begins to lead the second target. As with golf, it is important to follow through, so try to finish tracking the first target first and then start driving the second. The best way to learn is to accentuate the leash and continue it for a while after firing at the target. This, together with focusing on the target rather than the barrel, should help you avoid being fired behind the target.

You flinch

Everyone knows that involuntary flinching is a shooter's worst nightmare, but people tend to forget how annoying it is for shooters. When the shooter shudders while aiming at a flying target, he lifts his head up and moves it away from the butt, while the hands stop their natural movement and pull the weapon strongly away from the target. Since everything happens within milliseconds, you might not notice it. This error is the most difficult to detect and the shooter cannot understand why he misses, although he does everything right. To avoid involuntary flinching, focus on the target and wanting to see it fly apart. If you do not see this, most likely you involuntarily close your eyes in anticipation of the recoil from the shot. Try to concentrate if you can't solve the problem - try a weaker charge or buy a recoil pad to soften the recoil.

9

An interesting question and problem for every person who is eager to shoot a gun, but does not know where to start.

So we bought ourselves a gun, and in my head I thought about where to go to shoot. Here, many will say that somewhere in the wasteland. Can I do this or not? Read about this in more detail in the article that is devoted to the question,.

Some people prefer to go to the shooting range, where there is a special instructor who will teach all the tricks of shooting a gun.

Not all owners can afford this option, so today you will learn about a clear plan of action for the course that how to learn to shoot a gun on one's own.

We will not dwell on the choice of weapons, and characterize any specific models of guns, since this question is a completely different topic for conversation.

How to learn to shoot a gun quickly and accurately?

Achieving high performance and obtaining the status of an expert in any area of ​​human life is the result of constant training and a huge amount of time spent on studying and mastering a particular topic.

We will not delve into all the subtleties and details now, because you can read about it yourself in another article on the site. Let's consider only the most basic points.

You should press the gun to your shoulder tightly so that there is no damage later during recoil. There should be no gap between the cheek and butt.

The aiming bar should be hidden and not kept open. The shooter only sees the front sight at the end of the barrel when aiming. Legs must be placed in such a way that there is a distance of no more than thirty centimeters between them.

A slight forward bend is required, the left shoulder is in front, and the right shoulder is behind. The shotgun is fixed in the shoulder cavity, and any further turns are carried out only by the body.

Learning to shoot a gun at a moving target is different, since here we are dealing with the need to pre-empt, that is, moving the aiming point slightly ahead of the target.

What kind of anticipation should be done? There are a lot of nuances here, so it's impossible to say for sure. You can learn more about this from the article about.

Shooting at a bird in most cases is carried out in open air, but ungulates often have to be shot somewhere in the thickets or in the forest. Here you will be helped by an article about, from which you will learn about all the intricacies of aiming and shooting a wild boar.

Remember that the theory of how to learn how to shoot a gun will remain it forever if you don't start practicing. Thus, grab your gun and go to the shooting range to test in fact everything that has been said today.

The next stage begins by learning how to shoot a hunting rifle at a moving target.

They shoot at moving targets in several ways, of which the most common will be: "", "" and "". All other methods are only variations of them.

When hunting, all three of the above methods are used in pure or mixed form, depending on the circumstances. There is no hunter who always uses only one method of shooting, just as there is no hunter who is equally good at all three. It depends on the characteristics of his body, which predetermine the ability to master well only one way, the execution of which the hunter succeeds without much difficulty.

That is why it is important (this would significantly reduce the expenditure of funds, time and effort on training) that each shooting student was previously subjected to an appropriate examination, on the basis of which the trainer could draw up the correct training program and develop the necessary training methodology for each group of hunters.

Methods of shooting a gun at a moving target
Shooting "at the head"

When shooting by the "throw-in" method, the athlete shoots not at the target moving in front of him, but at the point in front of it, where, according to his calculation, the target will meet the flying projectile of the shot. From the side it seems that the shooter, without aiming, threw the gun to his shoulder, fired and hit the target. In fact, a complex process occurs in the shooter's brain and proceeds in the following sequence:

The shooter detects zero first. Its visual impression, reflected on the retina of the eye, is transmitted through the nervous system to the brain, where it is instantly determined: the position of the target, the distance at which it is removed from the shooter, the speed and direction of its movement, the degree of possible influence on the target of surrounding extraneous causes and the need to overcome them; the amount of correction (lead) when fired is also set. Only after that a decision is made, which is then carried out through the motor nervous system and the work of the muscles: the shooter takes the "ready" position, puts the gun into his shoulder, takes aim, makes a corresponding smooth sweep of the gun in the direction of the target movement simultaneously with the movement of the body, and, when the barrels coincide with the previously marked point in front of the target, without stopping the movement of the barrels, he pulls the trigger. Subsequently, due to the acquired habit, all of the above actions will be performed by the shooter instantly, automatically, imperceptibly for the prying eye.

As already mentioned, the position of the gun for preparation for firing a shot is taken in two ways. In the first method, the shooter in advance inserts the butt into the shoulder, is made for shooting and waits for the target to appear, in the second, the shooter holds the gun with the butt lowered below the armpit and, when the target appears, throws it into the shoulder.

Many hunters determine the method of shooting only by the manner in which the gun is held before the shot is fired. For example: if the shooter holds the gun before firing in the first way, it is usually called shooting "from the shoulder", and if the second, then this technique is usually called "throw-in" shooting. This definition is certainly not correct. In both cases, the same method of shooting is used without prior aiming, i.e. a "throw-in" method, but when performing two completely different methods of holding the gun before firing a shot.

In most cases, the "throw-up" method is used for skeet shooting at the stand.

Shooting "with a leash"

The opposite of throw-in shooting is leash-shooting. This method is most common among hunters.

The shooting technique "with a leash" is as follows:

Having detected the target, having determined the speed of its movement and the distance at which it is located from it, the shooter, quickly taking the position "at the ready" and throwing the gun into his shoulder, takes aim and, moving the barrels along the target's movement with the same speed, pulls the trigger ...

If the distance of the shooter from the target is not more than 36m, and its movement speed is not more than 10-12m per second, it is not necessary to take a lead when firing: the shot projectile still maintains a high flight speed, and the movement of the barrels during the shot, due to inertia, gives the projectile a certain lateral displacement and in the short time it takes for the shot to cover this distance, the target will not have time to leave the area of ​​the scree of the shot projectile and, therefore, will be hit.

If the target is more remote from the shooter and at a higher speed of its movement, it is necessary to take a lead. In this case, the shooter, having set the size of the lead, immediately moves the barrels in front of the target to the desired distance and, without stopping the movement of the barrels in front of the target, presses the trigger.

The difficulty lies mainly in the ability to quickly and correctly determine the amount of lead. However, this can be learned by practicing measuring the distance to the target and the speed at which it moves with the eye. This is not difficult because the shooter does not have to measure the lead measured in meters in the air, since when determining its value he will not deal with the actual movement of the target in the air, but only with its projected movement in the plane of the front sight of the gun, i.e. with the so-called optical projection of the actual movement of the target. In this case, the magnitude of the optical projection of the lead will be as many times less than the actual lead, in how many times the length of the barrels will be less than the distance (distance) at which the target is from the shooter.

The lead is defined as follows: for example, the target moves at a speed of 20m per second and is located 40m from the shooter. To pass this distance, the projectile of the fraction will need at an average speed of its flight of about 300 m per second 40/300 = 0.13 sec. And during this time, the target will already move from the place where it flamed for the first time, fixed by the eye, by 2.6 m (20 * 0.13 = 2.6 m) and, therefore, will not be captured by a projectile with a spread of 1.4 -1.5 m. Therefore, when firing, it is necessary to move the barrels in front of the target (take a lead) at a distance of 2.6 m, which will be projected in the plane of the gun's front sight less than the actual distance as many times as the length of the barrels is less than the distance at which the target located from the shooter. If, for example, the length of the trunks is 0.75 m, then the lead value will be 0.05 m (2.6: 40 / 0.75 = 0.05 m), i.e. about 5 cm.

Measuring such a distance with the eye will not be difficult for the shooter; but, having made the removal of the barrels in front of the target, it is necessary to keep it for the entire time the barrels move, up to the moment of the shot.

Thus, to kill a duck flying to the side, which is 40 m away, you need to aim at the beak. At the same time, one must remember that one cannot hesitate too much with pressing the trigger, since the target is constantly being removed and the lead taken may not be enough.

With good practice, you can learn to shoot as quickly as possible and correctly determine the appropriate lead on a target moving at any speed and in any direction. The shooting method "with a leash" is mainly used on a round stand.

Shooting "throw"

The method of shooting "throw", or "jerk", as it is sometimes called, is as follows.

The shooter, having found the target, aims at it, leads for some time with the gun along the path of its movement, keeping it on the front sight all the time, and then with a quick movement - "throw" (jerk) - moves the barrels in front of the target at the distance of the lead calculated by him and immediately presses on the trigger, involuntarily stopping the movement of the gun.

With enough practice, some sports hunters use this method very successfully. However, it is not widespread, although in hunting sometimes it is necessary to resort to it, for example, in more often, in a very narrow space, when the target appears in front of the hunter suddenly and quickly disappears.

On close examination, the "throw" method of shooting is like a mixture of the two previous methods: when it is used, a "leash" with a gun and a calculated throw-up are made. The disadvantage of this method consists in stopping the movement of the gun at the moment of firing a shot, as a result of which the shooting actually occurs when the gun is stationary. This obliges the shooter to take a very large lead, which makes it difficult to shoot at moving targets.

For example, the target is 36m from the shooter and is moving at a speed of 20m per second. The average flight speed of a fraction is 300m per second. Therefore, to hit the target, you need to shoot 2.4m ahead of it (36: 300 = 0.12sec; 20 * 0.12 = 2.4m), i.e. during the time when the target is overtaken by the shot, the first will move 2.4m; from the moment when the shooter found the target, to the moment of the shot, an average of 0.11 seconds pass. (0.07 seconds are spent on awareness of the target in the brain and the work of the neuromuscular apparatus and 0.04 seconds - on the operation of the mechanisms of the gun from the moment the trigger is pulled to the shot out of the muzzle). During this time, the target will move 2.2m (20 * 0.11 = 2.2m). Thus, the actual distance of the target from the point where it was first recorded by the eye will already be 4.6 m (2.4 + 2.2 = 4.6 m). Therefore, to hit the target, you need to shoot in front of it at 4.6m. It is not easy to measure such a distance in the air and it is impossible to guarantee the success of the shot.

Thus, when shooting "throw" misses occur more often than when using the previous two methods.

ABOUT PRACTICAL SHOOTING AT A MOVING TARGET

In shooting at a moving target, the hunter has to shoot in different directions. The target can move from him or towards him, to the right or to the left of him, in a transverse direction from right to left or from left to right, above the shoulders of the shooter - on the rise or fly overhead and sit down.

The main thing that a hunter must do in order to get a well-aimed shot is to pull the trigger only while moving the trunks, and it must be done in proportion to the speed of the target and even a little faster - ahead of it; in this case, the necessary lead should be taken.

How to determine the amount of lead for targets moving in the lateral or lateral direction was discussed above. When shooting in all of the other directions above, it is more difficult to determine the amount of lead. This skill is achieved in a practical way, according to the abilities and skill of the shooter.

Here are some general guidelines and tips on how and where to aim the shot at various positions of a moving target in order to hit it. A hunter, using these tips, will be able to develop appropriate practical skills in shooting at a running animal and in flying at a bird.

Shooting at a running animal is easier and faster for hunters to master than shooting at a bird. This is facilitated by the movement of the beast on the ground, which serves as an excellent reference point that facilitates aiming.

Shooting at a running animal is done like this:

The beast jumped up and ran forward from the hunter. It is difficult to calculate the size of the lead. To inflict a sure defeat, you need to aim forward and higher - in the ears or in the head, depending on the speed of the run. In this case, during the shot, you should slightly straighten the torso in the lower back. The same if the beast is running uphill.

The beast runs towards the hunter. You need to aim at the legs and, as it approaches, slightly leaning forward with the body, fire a shot.

The beast runs to the side or overtakes the hunter. You need to aim on the line of the middle of the chest in front of the animal, taking the appropriate lead, and, at the same time turning the body in the lower back along the course of the animal, make a shot.

Flight shooting at a bird is done as follows:

The bird flies away from the hunter, keeping at the level of his shoulders. You need to aim directly at the bird. If the bird flies below the hunter's shoulders, you need to aim in front of it.

The bird is on the rise. You need to aim, covering it with trunks, holding them all the time above it, and, at the same time unbending the body back, make a shot.

The bird flies over and sits in front of the hunter. You need to aim under the bird and, leaning your body forward, shoot.

The bird flies forward over the hunter's head. You need to aim under the bird and slightly forward and shoot, tilting the body slightly.

The bird flies high in the air towards the hunter. You need to aim in front of the bird, covering it with the trunks, and, tilting the body back, make a shot.

The bird flies across or sideways, while rising upward. You need to aim, holding the trunks on top of the bird and in front, taking the necessary, in this case double, lead, and, turning the body along the line of flight, shoot.

The bird is landing. In this case, you need to aim in front and below the bird, while maintaining the necessary anticipation, and, at the same time turning the body in the appropriate direction, transfer its weight to the right leg if the bird walks to the right, and, conversely, to the left leg if the bird flies to the left.

In all cases, movements must be done with maximum speed and, aiming, immediately fire a shot, since otherwise the lead taken will not be enough and the bird will fly farther and farther and it will be difficult to get into it.

ON THE USE OF THE STAND FOR STUDYING PRACTICAL SHOOTING AT A MOVING TARGET

Sports shooting at fast-moving targets - skeet - is carried out on two stands of different design: trench and round. The first one is also called "Olympic", as at the international sports days - Olympiads - sports competitions in shooting from a hunting rifle are held there.

Shooting on a trench stand, mainly at unknown targets, develops abilities and skills close to those used in hunting. Shooting on a round stand, carried out on a strictly delimited area, under special conditions and at targets known to the shooter in advance, is more of a sporting nature.

For practical mastering of the art of shooting at a moving target, training sessions in the volume of a full course are sufficient to conduct on any one of these stands. However, in no case should you carry classes at the same time on both stands: this method can easily harm the student.

It is possible to proceed to classes at a stand of a different type only after the skills and knowledge acquired at the stand of the first type are sufficiently consolidated, a number of training firing has been carried out and the classification norms have been partially passed.

It is better to start initial training on a trench stand, since shooting on it, as mentioned above, in its principle is more suitable for shooting while hunting.

Before the start of classes, the coach obliges the student to study the general rules of shooting at the stand (See the brochure "Sports shooting from a hunting rifle" (competition rules). FiS, 1952), safety rules before and during shooting, also warns that at the stand, carrying a gun in assembled without a cover is not allowed; that the assembled gun should only be stored in the pyramid; that in preparation for the next shooting and taking the gun from the pyramid, you must immediately open it (expand) and so go to the line of fire.

The result of a shot in shooting at the stand is counted only for a full-fledged target - a plate: a whole one, released in time, on command and from the appropriate number, flying in a given direction and falling no closer than a set distance. Therefore, from the very beginning, the student should get used to firing only at full-fledged targets.

While observing and correcting the students' shooting, the coach simultaneously demands that they comply with all established shooting and safety rules.

From the very first steps, this will accustom students to an attentive and serious attitude to business, to consciously present strict requirements for themselves and to observe discipline in general.

Shooting cartridges are loaded under the guidance of a trainer with shot number 6 or 7.

SHOOTING AT THE TRANCHE STAND

Shooting practice must be conducted in the same conditions in which competition and competition are usually held.

The installation of throwing machines both in the direction of flight and in the establishment of elevation angles should be standard; in height-15-40 °, in the direction to the right and to the left of the longitudinal axis of the middle machine at each firing point - 45 °, spread - 90 °. In this case, five machines should give targets directly, five - to the left and five - to the right. The flight range in calm weather with an elevation angle of 18-22 ° should be 60-70m from the fork of the car.

No relief should be made in the installation. It is necessary that the student from the very first steps get used to the difficulties of shooting on the stand. There is nothing to be afraid that he may not cope with these difficulties, since he already knows the basic techniques necessary for firing a shot, has mastered practical shooting at fixed targets - single and double, one and two consecutive cartridges (doublet), and in theory he studied methods of shooting at moving targets. At the stand, he will have to apply his existing knowledge in practice in shooting at flying targets.

Of course, this does not mean at all that the trainer should not resort to methods that facilitate training in order to better assimilate the student's shooting technique. It is known that a newcomer, who first came out to the shooting platform and is preparing to shoot at the saucer, always thinks that there is not enough time to properly aim it and break it. All preparation techniques are performed by him slowly, not clearly, and he feels somehow embarrassed.

Facilitation at the first stages of training is achieved by the fact that practice shooting begins to be conducted from a close distance, for example, from 8, 10, 11, 12 m from throwing machines, instead of the required 15 m. This approach of the shooter to the cars compensates for the initial slowness inherent in the learners. And then, as you master the shooting, the distance is gradually increased and brought to normal.

The advantage of this method is that the student will immediately deal with the normal speeds and flights of targets, with the necessary lead when shooting at them, and therefore will become accustomed to the fast pace necessary for successful shooting.

Shooting "from the spot" at single targets

The first lesson should always begin with an exercise "from the spot" on single, "hijacking" targets, ie. targets flying in a forward direction from the shooter at various elevation angles.

If the training is carried out at a stand equipped with 15, 12, 9 or 6 throwing machines, then several people can go into the line of fire at once. The coach explains the rules of conduct in the firing line and the shooting procedure. It is necessary that students from the very first steps learn to follow the required rules.

The gun is loaded with two cartridges so that in the event of a miss made by the first cartridge, the student could immediately, taking into account his mistake, shoot at it with the second cartridge.

At the initial stage of training at the stand, it is most advantageous to shoot with the butt of a gun inserted into the shoulder in advance. This makes it very easy to shoot, because, as mentioned above, the shooter after the command "Give!" directly aims at the saucer that appeared in the air and, simultaneously turning his body in the appropriate direction, shoots, thus not spending additional time on raising the gun to the shoulder. Gaining time in firing a shot is of great importance for a beginner, who at first almost always delays shooting, trying to better aim the saucer.

In turn, when shooting with a butt pre-inserted into the shoulder, it is easier for a trainer to observe the production of a shot, to notice inaccuracies in techniques and aiming, to find the reasons for failure and make a timely correction.

Before entering the line of fire, the trainer explains the methods of shooting at "hijacking" skeet, which can fly at or below the shooter's shoulders or rise above the head. In the first two cases, the shooter, with a quick movement, directs the barrels directly into the flying saucer and, as soon as the aiming line is aligned with it, fires a shot. In the third case, the shooter, with a quick movement ahead of the saucer, covers it with the trunks and immediately presses the trigger.

In the second shot, both in the first and in the second case, the barrels of the gun, together with the inclination of the body, should be directed slightly lower than the saucer and the lower the further it flew away from the shooter. It must be remembered that at the stand the saucer flies at a different speed: at first its speed is high - 24-27 m per second, and then gradually decreases, and, therefore, the shot made by the second cartridge under the saucer will be the most correct. It is not bad if the trainer himself fires a few demonstration shots at all of the specified skeet to illustrate the explanations given by him.

After completing the explanation, the coach gives the command to go to the places. Shooting distance 8 or 10 m.

Taking a gun from the pyramid and opening it, the shooter goes to the number (place) on the line of fire. Here he gets into the ready position, loads the gun with two rounds, closes it and inserts the stock into his shoulder. With a few tentative movements of the shooters, he checks whether the position is conveniently accepted, gets better, takes the aiming line correctly, then, bending over with his body, simultaneously lowers the trunks a little downward (up to the peak of the trench) and, without taking his cheek from the ridge of the rifle butt, concentrates and gives the command "Give! " With the appearance of a saucer in the air, instantly determining the direction and speed of its flight, the shooter marks the aiming point in front of the target, taking into account the necessary lead. Then he turns the body in the appropriate direction, simultaneously directs the barrels of the gun along the line of flight of the saucer, trying to get ahead of it (while the hands only hold the gun in the position adopted at the ready). As soon as the line of sight aligns with the intended aiming point, the shooter, without stopping the movement of the barrels and the body, pulls the trigger.

Without then changing the aiming position of the gun, the shooter must make sure of the result of the shot. In the event of a miss, he, having immediately made the proper correction in anticipation, since the saucer will already change its position in the air during this time, shoots the second cartridge. The entire process of firing both the first and second shot should be measured in fractions of a second.

Having made a shot, the student, without looking back, immediately opens the gun and takes out the spent cartridges, after which he steps back one and a half to two steps back and to the right, giving way to the next one, if there are two or more of them.

Shooting at the "hijacking" skeet continues until the novice shooter learns to hit 40-50% of the targets given to him.

Shots are fired only in the presence of the coach and with his permission. During the shooting, the coach stands behind the student (for a left-hander - on the left) and monitors all his actions.

In case of deviation from the established rules or incorrect execution of techniques, the coach immediately corrects the student. In the event of a miss, he points out to the latter the mistakes made and forces him to shoot the plate, which the student did not hit. With the systematic repetition of misses on the same plate, the coach, having pointed out the mistake to the student, makes him repeat the shot on this plate several times separately, until he realizes his mistakes.

In case of a misfire in shooting with the second cartridge, the trainer obliges the student to shoot the saucer in compliance with the established rule - when a new saucer is served, first shoot at it with the first cartridge with a deliberate miss, and shoot the second cartridge normally. In this case, it is more profitable to direct the first shot: a) with a low-flying saucer - above it, then immediately lower the barrels down and, aligning the aiming line with the saucer, fire the second cartridge; b) with a saucer flying above the head - below it and immediately, raising the barrels up and covering the saucer with them, fire a second shot.

Shooting at side targets

After mastering the technique of shooting at "hijacking" targets, the student proceeds to shooting at targets flying to the sides of him, i.e. lateral (secant). Initially, the distance can be 8-11m, then it needs to be increased to 15m. The side plates can fly at different elevation angles, like the "hijacked" ones, and have a direction with a spread of 45 ° from the central longitudinal axis of the middle vehicle of each firing point to the right and left.

The technique of shooting on lateral skeet is more complicated than on "hijacked", and requires great mobility, coordination of actions and increased attention from the shooter.

Initially, skeet shooting is studied, flying to the right, and after mastering it, they move on to skeet shooting, flying to the left. You can shoot at the saucers flying with slight deviations, for example, at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °, in the same way as at "hijacked", mounted or grassroots, only when aiming the barrels should always be directed to the right or left edge of the plate , depending on whether they shoot right or left, but do not aim directly at her.

When shooting small plates flying with a large deviation (from 35 to 45 °) from the longitudinal axis of the middle machine of each firing point to the right or left, the barrels should be directed with the necessary lead to a point lying in front of the plate, and at the same time, necessarily below it, so how the flight curve of such plates becomes steeper at a distance of 32-36m.

The direction of the gun in the direction of the flight of the saucer is performed simultaneously with the turn of the body in the lower back in the appropriate direction. Hands do not participate in this movement, but only hold the gun in the adopted aiming position. The trigger is pulled when the gun is moving. Shooting is carried out in the same way as for the "hijacking" skeet.

When firing again due to a misfire in the second cartridge (after a miss with the first cartridge), the first shot should be fired without bringing the gun to the plate, deliberately overshooting, as well. the second cartridge must be fired, bringing the barrels to the intended aiming point in front of the saucer, simultaneously tilting the body and the gun downward and the more the further the saucer flies away.

Shooting continues until the student of ten taken separately right and left plates will break at least four or five in each direction.

Along with the practical shooting on the stand, the trainer instructs the student to practice the techniques at home as described above.

Shooting at "unknown" targets in all directions.

Upon completion of the study of shooting techniques at "hijacking" and side targets, they switch to shooting at "unknown" targets. This means that after the shooter's command, any plate is served to him: "steal" low or high, "side" right or left, high or low.

If practice shooting is carried out on a stand that has several shooting places (numbers), then it must be carried out in a conveyor order from all places according to notes (Notes are called tables, according to which the order of feeding plates flying in different directions is determined) so that each student could accept plates of all directions, as well as horse and grassroots. Distance 10, and then 15m.

The coach, observing the student's shooting, pays attention to the execution of techniques and especially notes the plates, on which the student systematically made a mistake.

Shooting results are recorded in a special sheet (see Appendix 8), in which the coach notes each mistake during shooting.

If a miss is made from the first place on the right plate, then in the cell opposite the first number in the corresponding column, he puts a mark "0". Then, at the end of the entire series, he draws certain conclusions and announces the result to the shooter, indicating the mistakes he made during the shooting, and explaining how to correct them.

In the next series of shooting, the coach is unnoticed for. the arrow gives the order to give him more often those plates on which he missed the last time. This is done in order to develop a certain rhythm for the shooter during shooting and at the same time give him the opportunity to correct his mistakes.

Rhythm is usually understood to mean: shooting in a certain way with a distinct uniform execution of all the necessary movements, an even expenditure of time in each preparation for a shot, and maintaining the same pace during shots.

The rhythm depends on the state of the nervous system, physical strength, health, the speed of the body's reaction to external impressions and on the general coordinated activity of the entire neuromuscular system.

Keeping rhythm during shooting is of great importance, especially in competitions where there is a special responsibility to conduct shooting at a high level. The rhythm is observed by each shooter and the entire team shooting in this series, in general, while the more harmoniously, rhythmically the team shoots, the more successful the shooting is.

At shooting competitions and in preparation for them, the team coach pays special attention to both developing the correct rhythm and maintaining it by students during shooting.

If, in shooting at "unknown" targets, the student misses a saucer, the coach should never force him to shoot this saucer or continue to shoot at it until the student learns to hit it. Repeated shots in this case will be made by the shooter at the already "known" saucer, he will involuntarily begin to prepare for it and will easily be able to hit it, but in the next series, when the same saucer is given to him as "unknown", he may miss again.

Such a method will not only fail to teach the student to correct his mistake, but will also not benefit others who shoot with him in a team, and most importantly, it will interfere with the development and maintenance of the shooting rhythm.

Practicing the second shot

From the very beginning, it is better to practice skeet shooting with a gun loaded with two cartridges, so that the student, after a miss with the first cartridge, can correct his mistake by shooting at the same plate with the second. As a result, from the very first steps, he will learn the technique of producing the second shot, which is successful only when the aiming position of the rifle is preserved after the first cartridge misses. For beginners, the first shot usually immediately disrupts the position of the gun. Therefore, the trainer must develop a habit in the student after the first shot to keep the gun in the aiming position and at the same time monitor the result of the shot, as well as the movement of the target, and in the event of a miss, immediately make the correct calculation of the lead when aiming for the second shot.

Long-term observation of shooting in training and competition has established that most skeet shots with the second round after the first miss are unsuccessful.

This is clearly confirmed in the following cases:

For shooting "from the spot" on single skeletons, the shooter usually has two cartridges, in case of hitting the saucer with the second cartridge after a miss by the first, the result is counted. But if at the same time there was a misfire in the second cartridge, the shooter has the right to shoot at this plate a second time, subject to the initial conditions, i.e. miss it with the first shot and hit it with the second. And it turns out that most of the shooters in these cases also miss the second shot.

To better master the technique of the second shot, the trainer uses the following technique. He equips himself with the required number of cartridges, including those with a shot projectile reduced by half. Undoubtedly, breaking a plate with such a cartridge under ordinary conditions will be a simple accident. However, a shot from such a cartridge in terms of sound and recoil force will not differ noticeably from a shot with a normal cartridge, and this is exactly what is needed.

During training shooting on "unknown" skeet, the trainer himself distributes cartridges, while deliberately placing cartridges with a reduced projectile in the right barrel, which the students should not know about. The shooter, making the first shot on the plate, involuntarily makes a miss with an abnormal cartridge and, without disturbing the rhythm of firing at all, is forced, trying to correct the error of the first shot, to fire the second one on the same plate, but with a normal cartridge.

By repeating this technique several times, the trainer will teach the shooter to successfully fire the second shot.

Some coaches recommend that to practice the second shot, feed the shooter simultaneously two plates flying in the same direction close to each other, obliging him, after the first one is defeated, to immediately shoot the second round at the second. If the first plate was not hit, then the second shot should be made again on it, not paying attention to the second flying away.

Sometimes it is recommended to make the second shot on the second plate immediately after the first shot on the first plate, regardless of the result. In either case, such a complication of the lesson will not bring benefit to the student, and most importantly, will not contribute to the successful mastery of the technique of the second shot, designed to correct an error when firing the first cartridge, and in fact will be an exercise in shooting at double targets (doublets).

Shooting "from the approach"

Shooting "from the approach" is also called "hunting", because it brings the shooter closer to the manner of shooting while hunting. The shooters are located 18-20m from the cars, keeping the guns open. The cymbals are released into the air only at the sign of the trainer at a time when the shooter, approaching with a loaded gun to the line of fire, is between 13-10m from the machines. Shooting outside this range does not count. The gun is loaded with two rounds; the defeat of the plate with both the first and the second cartridge is equivalent. Misfires are not taken into account in this exercise, and the plates are not re-shot in this case. The shotgun is closed only when the coach announces the next shooter's number.

No trial assessments with the gun are permitted. The gun is held in the hands in such a position that its butt is below the armpit on the front line of the body, and the back of the head is visible from behind. It is not allowed to extend the butt in front of you, and it is not recommended to push back strongly, as this will hamper the shooter's movements when raising the gun. The muzzle of the barrels is raised to the level with the shoulders (shooting "from the head").

The approach begins with the coach's command "March!" Follow an average, even step. Running or slowing down is not permitted.

To fire a shot, the student stops only when the saucer appears in the air, being between 13 and 10 m. Stopping, he immediately turns towards the flying saucer and at the same time takes the appropriate position "at the ready" so that the shot can follow immediately.

The more time the shooter spends on getting ready and aiming the saucer, the more often misses will be obtained. This is understandable. During the time that the shooter will spend preparing for the shot, the plate will move farther from the point where it was originally fixed by the eye, and, therefore, to hit it, the necessary lead is required, which is very difficult to calculate correctly when the shooter is in motion. ...

The feeding of the plate can occur both in a favorable position for the shooter, and in an unfavorable one. In the first case, the appearance of a saucer in the air coincides with the moment when the shooter either intends to stand up or has already stood on his left foot (for a left-hander - on his right) and can immediately fire an aimed shot.

In the second case, the appearance of the plate is caught by the shooter when he has just lifted and holds his right leg in the air (left-handed - left). To take the next step, he involuntarily has to step from his right foot to his left and only after that get ready and shoot at the plate. The shot will occur with some delay, the saucer will have time to fly off a little further, and it will be more difficult to hit it.

In order to avoid such a disadvantageous position as much as possible, the shooter should take small to medium steps during the approach, since it is easier and more likely to step from the right foot to the left than when he takes wide, long steps.

With persistent commitment and a serious attitude towards training, the shooter will perfectly cope with this exercise and achieve high performance in shooting.

When learning the technique of shooting "from the approach", you need to shoot immediately at skeletons flying in all directions, appearing unexpectedly for the shooter - "unknown", as well as when shooting "from a place". There is no need to learn skeet shooting in any one direction.

Shooting at "double" targets (doublet)

This exercise, as the most difficult one, should be studied at the end of the training of a young hunter, only when he has fully mastered the technique of shooting at a moving target "from the spot" and "from the approach" and has worked out the technique of making the second shot.

In this exercise, the shooter, standing at a place 10 m from the cars, is given, at his command, two plates at the same time, which he must hit with two consecutive shots each separately.

What is special in shooting at "paired" targets is that the shooter must record with his eyes the flight of two plates at once, separately make the required calculations for each in his head and make two shots separately as quickly as possible: first one at a time, and then, moving the gun, on the other platter. After the first shot, some time passes, during which the second plate will change the position fixed by the shooter initially. Therefore, an appropriate correction must be made when aiming the second saucer, so that more difficult conditions are created for the second shot.

Consequently, in order to create the most favorable conditions for himself, the shooter must make the first shot (short) as quickly as possible so that the position of the second saucer during this time cannot sharply deteriorate and it would not be necessary to make a large correction to aim it. At the same time, one should not go to the opposite extreme, so as not to fire one or both shots completely unconsciously. All actions during this exercise should be done clearly and quickly.

Preparation for the shot is the same as when shooting "from a place", only before the shooter gives the command, the barrels of the gun should not be lowered below shoulder level. Although in this position, the flyout of the plates will be slightly worse, but the first shot can be made more quickly and more accurately, since in this case there will be no sudden movements of the body and the gun and the possibility of throwing the latter will be eliminated. The second saucer must be aimed lower and the more, the more late the first shot is fired, since it usually begins to decline by this time, although it seems to the arrow flying at the same speed.

During the initial training, the first shot is best done on the right plate, and the second on the left. This is required because on the right skeet, due to the greater connectedness of the turns of the body to the right, it is somewhat more difficult to shoot than on the left (in the case of a left-hander, on the contrary). Experienced shooters are usually guided in this case by the position of the plates in the air and the first one to shoot is the one that flies too low or too short, for fear that it will sooner be in a more unfavorable position for the shot than flying higher and further.

It is necessary to dwell a little longer on the study of shooting at "paired" targets. The coach's job is to carefully monitor the rhythmic and uniform implementation of all techniques, timely indicate the student's mistakes and give him the necessary advice to correct them.

This concludes the course of practical training in shooting at a moving target on a trench stand. A young hunter can go hunting and shoot at live targets, since the techniques and skills he has learned, acquired at the stand, can be fully used in conditions of hunting for game, which sometimes appears also suddenly and in an unknown direction.

ROUND STAND SHOOTING

A round stand is fundamentally different from a trench stand in terms of its structure and technical equipment. Shooting on it, both in terms of its characteristics, and in terms of technique and goals, requires independent study. Its main task is to give the arrow the flights of the small plates in all directions: "hijacking" and "semi-hijacking", weakly and sharply lateral (intersecting), "oncoming" and "half-oncoming" and, finally, flying over the head. This is achieved by the fact that the places (numbers) for shooting are located at eight points, of which seven are located in an arc, a semicircle with a diameter of 38.4 m, and the eighth is in the middle of the diameter against the fourth place.

The shooter, moving during shooting from one place to another in an arc of a circle, sees each time both plates at different angles and in different directions in relation to himself.

The plates are released into the air by two throwing machines located on opposite sides of the semicircle and placed in two wooden booths studded with iron - one at a height of 3.5 m, the second at a height of 0.91 m from the platform level.

The flights of the cymbals are always carried out in definitely established directions through a point that is 5.5 m from the center of the circle on the continuation of the line going from the fourth place through the center of the circle, marked with a control pole at a height of 5 m. The angle of the flight direction to the right and to the left in relation to the diameter line is approximately 15 °.

The flight range of the cymbals in calm weather is 50-55m from the fork of the car.

As already mentioned, the round stand is a strictly delimited geometric area with permanent landmarks on it in the form of two booths, a control pole marking the middle of the site and the height of the flight of the plates, as well as a shooting path between the two booths, passing along the diameter of the circle. The defeat of the plate is valid only if it was broken within the specified boundaries, i.e. between the booths within a circle, and not outside the control pole, i.e. closer to the center of the circle, and no further than 5.5 m from it.

Shooting is carried out on single and pair plates, and in the first case, the shooter has only one cartridge for each plate, and in the second - two cartridges, one for each. Shooting at the round stand is carried out only with a throw-up technique. Trial fitting of the rifle before shooting is not permitted. Plates are served at the command of the shooter, for 3 seconds. after her, and always in a direction known to him.

Shooting is given in the next order. The arrows, starting from the first place, move sequentially from left to right, taking on each number two single plates, first the "steal", released from the high booth, and then "oncoming" - from the low one. After 16 single targets have been received from all eight places, the shooter from the first, second, sixth and seventh places takes two targets, which are released simultaneously from two booths (paired targets). At the same time, in the first and second places, the first one to shoot is a saucer released from a high booth - "hijacked", and the second - released from a low booth - "oncoming"; in the sixth and seventh places they shoot the first plate from the low booth, which this time will be "hijacked", and the second plate from the high booth, which is already considered "oncoming".

The shooter is given the right in each case (at each place) to inform the coach in advance about his desire to change the sequence of shooting double targets, i.e. shoot first "oncoming", and then "hijacked". If no such preliminary statement is made by the shooter, the first order of fire is considered legal. In this case, if the shooter violated it and fired only one shot, then he missed the first plate, and now a new pair is served, at which he must shoot in the established or stated special order, but in this pair the result of only the second shot at the second platter.

Thus, the shooter from all eight places takes 24 plates - 16 singles and 4 doubles. The 25th saucer, which is considered a single target, is accepted by the shooter immediately after the first miss when shooting at single targets. When shooting at double targets, the 25th saucer is the one that is shot after a miss, and it is served immediately, as a single one, a second time from this place. If the shooter has hit all 24 plates, the 25th, at his request, can be given to him from any place and in any direction.

25 targets received by the shooter make up a series.

The result is counted for each plate separately. This also happens when the shooter accepts them in pairs.

Due to the fact that on a round stand you have to shoot at a distance of about 5 to 25 m, double-barreled hunting rifles (and machine guns) can be of different calibers (from 12 to 32), but 12 or 16 caliber rifles, lightweight, hunting type, with cylindrical drilling of one or both barrels. Shotguns before the start of shooting at the stand must be shot under the guidance of a trainer with cartridges filled with shot No. 6 or 7, with the expectation of receiving a wide and even shot of shot at short distances with the required sharpness. In the classroom, shooting is carried out with shot number 6, but not larger.

The shooting technique on a round stand is based on strict calculation and precise coordinated execution of all movements. This is facilitated by a strictly demarcated shooting area with constant landmarks located on it, which were mentioned above, and a certain direction of the saucer's flight known in advance to the shooter, which changes very little and relatively rarely under the influence of atmospheric phenomena. Significant deviations of target flights from the established directions, occurring due to improper operation of throwing machines or substandard plates, are not taken into account, since such plates, according to the rules, are replaced by correctly flying ones.

The overall "preparation" has a great influence on the result of the shot, in particular the stance and the position of the shooter's torso.

Thus, the training program should include the study and mastering of the technique of shooting on each plate separately from each place. In this case, the student needs to memorize his movements that accompanied a successful shot, pace, anticipation, as well as points on the flight line in which the target was most successfully hit at each of the eight places on the site.

Before starting training in shooting on a round stand, the trainer must familiarize students with its device and equipment, with the rules of shooting on it. Shooting must be carried out under the supervision of a coach who, after each shot, points out the mistakes made by the shooter. Errors should be corrected immediately.

The first lesson begins with the study of the technique of shooting a "hijacking" saucer from the seventh place, making its flight from the shooter in an ascending line. The technique of firing at it is simple and easily mastered by novice sportsmen-hunters.

Coming out as directed by the coach, the shooter stands on the right side of him (this achieves a more straightforward position of the shooter to the line of flight of the saucer) facing the control pole, turning his legs and body slightly to the right - it is possible to 45 ° (half-turned), if it is convenient for the shooter ... The feet are spaced approximately shoulder-width apart or slightly less, one to the right and behind the other, with the socks turning outward: the left one is smaller, the right one is slightly larger. The weight of the torso is distributed evenly over both legs. You need to stand firmly on both legs without undue tension and bending at the knees, resting on the ground with the entire plane of the feet.

Shooting is carried out with a throw-up technique. The rifle is held with both hands loosely on the weight, slightly tilted towards the butt, the back of which is on the front line of the torso.

After inserting a cartridge and closing the gun, the shooter prepares, concentrates, looking in front of him, and then gives the command "Give!" When a saucer appears in the air, he inserts the gun into his shoulder, simultaneously with his left hand, smoothly and quickly raises the barrels up in the direction of the flying saucer and takes the aiming line correctly. As soon as the barrels, ahead of the saucer, close it, he immediately pulls the trigger with the continued movement of the gun. In this position, the plate will be struck either immediately above the control pole or 3-4 m behind it, to which the shooter's effort should be directed.

A successful hit is possible only with the development of the ability to accurately and timely combine the aiming line with the aiming point (saucer) and quickly coordinate the execution of all the required movements during the production of a shot.

Shooting continues with the necessary breaks for rest until the student, shooting from seventh place, learns to hit at least half of the plates served to him.

The second lesson begins with the study of the technique of shooting from the sixth place on a saucer that flies out of a low roll and in this case will be a "semi-theft" flying from right to left along an ascending line.

Coming into place, the shooter stands on his right side facing the control pole, 3-4m to the left of him, and takes the appropriate position "ready". The gun is held in the hands in the same way as when shooting in seventh place. Then, without rearranging the feet, turns at the knees, torso to the right, facing the booth, and commands: "Give!" When the saucer appears, he quickly throws the gun into his shoulder with his right hand, and with his left hand raises the barrels to a level with the line of flight, then turns his body to its original position, simultaneously advances the barrels along the line of flight of the saucer, holding them slightly below it, trying to get ahead. As soon as the barrels are in front of the plate, he immediately pulls the trigger without stopping at the same time their movement.

The plate will be hit either above the control pole, or at the intended point to the left of it.

The positive result of the shot is facilitated by the rapid coordinated execution of all movements and the correct posture, which in this case is a kind of limiting point where all the actions planned by the shooter must be completed.

It is necessary to continue shooting until the shooter has firmly mastered the above techniques and breaks at least 5 out of 10 plates.

The third, and then the fourth lessons are devoted to the study and mastering of the technique of shooting from the fifth and fourth places on a plate released from a low booth on the right. Its flight in relation to these firing points will approach the lateral and transverse from right to left.

The most advantageous points, where the saucer can be hit most successfully, will be located no further than 4-5m to the left of the control pole.

Accordingly, the shooter, going to the middle of the fifth place, becomes "ready" to the side and slightly to the left of the control pole. Shooting techniques are the same as in sixth place. The body turns to the right, facing the booth, are made deeper before taking the plate.

After the command "Give!" when a plate of arrows appears, turning with the body to the left, to the starting position, throws up the gun, takes aim, and quickly and smoothly moves the barrels along the line of flight of the plate, trying to keep them below it. Having then outstripped the saucer with the trunks, taking into account the necessary anticipation and all the time the continuing movement of the trunks, the shooter presses the trigger. The plate will be struck either above the control pole, or closer to the marked point to the left of it.

Having mastered the shooting technique from the fifth place, the shooter moves to the fourth place.

The fifth lesson is devoted to repetition of shooting from seventh to fourth places.

In the first series, the shooter takes two plates from each place so that in case of an error he can correct it by shooting immediately the second time at the second one served. Then the second series is taken with a break for rest, but already one plate from each place.

In the sixth and subsequent lessons, the technique of shooting from the first to fourth places on a plate released from a high booth is studied. The flight of this saucer begins at a height of 3.5 m from the level of the platform. Rising then to a height of 5m at the control pole, it begins to sharply decrease 4-5m behind it.

Given this feature of the flight, the shooter should aim directly at the saucer or slightly below it. With a delayed shot, you need to aim the lower, the closer it is to the opposite booth.

The preparation and shooting techniques are the same as from the seventh to fifth places, only in the second to fourth places the torso turns before the start of shooting on a saucer are made by the shooter in the opposite direction, i.e. to the left to the high booth, while the muzzle of the rifle barrels rises flush with the shoulders.

The stand is of great importance when shooting from these places. You need to stand facing to the side, 4-5m to the right of the control pole, and turn without changing the position of the legs. After the command "Give!", Turning his body to the right to the starting position, the shooter always directs the barrels under the saucer and, smoothly and quickly advancing them along the line of flight, advances the saucer, as far as is necessary for a successful shot, and, without stopping the movement of the barrels, presses on trigger.

Having studied the shooting technique from the first place, the shooter goes to the second place, then to the third and then to the fourth, for which three more lessons are allocated.

In the tenth lesson, students shoot from the same places and on the same plate in series 8 and 4 and in the same way as it was done in the previous similar lesson on a plate released from a low booth.

In the eleventh lesson, training shooting is carried out from all seven places in a sequential order, starting from the first, in two series of 14 and 7 plates.

In the first series, from each place, the shooter receives two plates in a row, flying in one direction, and in the second - one plate.

From the twelfth lesson, they begin to study and master the technique of shooting on "counter" skeet.

"Counter" plates, in the full sense of the word, the shooter accepts only in the first, seventh and eighth places. At the second, third, fifth and sixth places, these plates are actually "semi-opposite", and in relation to the fourth place, located on the center line of the site, the direction of both plates will be almost transverse-lateral.

For shooting "oncoming" plates from the first, second, sixth, seventh and eighth places, it is necessary to use specially made cartridges, which give the widest sheaf of shot at a distance of 5-12 m (large dispersion), since targets from these places have to be shot "shortly" and it is not profitable to use cartridges with normal charges for them because of the too high accuracy of the debris.

On the instructions of the trainer, cartridges are equipped by the students in advance. Methods of loading cartridges with the highest dispersion of shot at close range are indicated in the section "Loading cartridges".

It is better to start training sessions from the first place. In this case, the shooter receives a plate from the low "oncoming" booth, flying towards him in an ascending line (on the rise).

This plate can be fired with the greatest success when it flies over the control pole and is 10-12m from the shooter. At this point, the saucer has a slow flight and, as it were, stops in the air for a moment (the highest point of the trajectory).

Stance and preparation are the same as when shooting from this place at the "hijacking" saucer.

After the command "Give!" When a saucer appears, the shooter quickly throws the gun into his shoulder and, then directing the barrels at it, takes aim. Continuing to advance the barrels along the course of the saucer, he advances it and, as soon as the barrels close the saucer, presses the trigger without stopping their movement. A shot fired in this way will surely hit the saucer.

The technique of shooting on the "oncoming" plate is not difficult and is relatively easy for the shooter to master. Misses occur mainly because the shooter forgets about the need to shoot at the plate when the barrels aimed at him blocked it, and misses this moment, trying to let the plate come closer to himself. In addition, when the trigger is pulled, the shooter often stops the advancement of the barrels along the saucer, which also leads to a miss.

Shooting stops after the shooter learns to hit 3-4 plates in a row.

At the second place, the shooter becomes slightly to the left of the control pole. Manufacturing is normal. Having prepared, the shooter turns the body at the knees to face the low booth (to the right) and gives the command. When a saucer appears, he quickly throws the gun into his shoulder, takes aim with the barrels below the saucer, turns his body to its original position, simultaneously advancing the barrels along the flight line, advances the saucer and, as soon as it approaches the intended point behind the control pole, pulls the trigger without stopping movement of the trunks.

For shooting in the third place, the shooter is made in the same way as in the previous one, only in this case, the movement of the body towards the departure of the saucer is made deeper, and the body turns to the starting position while moving the gun along the saucer are performed more energetically. The cartridges are used normally.

Shooting from the second and third places is continued until the shooter has firmly mastered the technique and achieves constant success.

Then they move on to the study of shooting from the seventh to fifth places on a plate released from a high booth, from a height of 3.5 m. This plate, as already noted, has a relatively short normal flight and sharply decreases 4-5 m behind the control pole. Therefore, it is most profitable to shoot at it when it has not yet had time to change its flight, i.e. no closer than 14-15m from the shooter. You need to aim somewhat forward and, covering the target with the trunks, press the trigger. If the target has managed to get even closer to the shooter, then the shot must be sent well below the saucer.

From the sixth and fifth places, this saucer must be shot, directing the barrels along the line of its flight, but with great anticipation.

The position "at the ready", techniques and all other movements are similar to those that were used in these places when shooting at a plate released from a low booth, only the movement of the body when shooting in the fifth and sixth places is performed in the opposite direction - from left to right, and you need to face to the side 4-5m to the right of the control pole. Special cartridges are used for shooting from the seventh and sixth places. From the fifth place, you can shoot normal cartridges.

The duration of shooting practice and its tasks are the same as when shooting on a skeet released from a low booth.

In the next lesson, shooting is carried out from all seven places, starting from the first, at successively released "hijacking" and "oncoming" skeletons. At each place, the shooter first receives a plate from the high booth - "stealing", then from the low booth - "oncoming".

Correcting the shooting, the trainer forces the student, in the event of a miss on the plate, to immediately make a shot at it for the second and third time, having previously indicated the mistake that was made in this case.

The study of shooting from the eighth place is allocated several separate lessons.

The shooting distance on it is the shortest - 5m - almost overhead. A shot is counted only when the saucer was hit before it reached the middle of the area. The first to shoot is the saucer released from the high booth, and the second from the low one.

Coming into place, the shooter stands, without stepping into the center line of the platform with his left foot, and takes a normal, comfortable position "at the ready", looking at the window of the booth, from where the saucer is expected to fly out. The gun is held in the hands completely freely, and the barrels rise steeply upward. After the command "Give!" when a saucer appears, the shooter throws the gun into his shoulder, at the same time quickly directs the barrels to the saucer, makes an energetic swing along the target and, ahead of it, instantly pulls the trigger. The legs only serve as support and do not make any movements during the shot.

To make an accurate shot from eighth place, you need to make a strong but smooth, consistent with the direction of flight of the saucer, the scope of the trunks with a great advance. And if the shooter achieves a clear and automatic execution of the above movements, then success will not slow down.

Only special cartridges are used.

Having learned to hit single targets from all places, they begin to master shooting with two consecutive shots (doublet) at paired targets from the first, second, sixth and seventh places.

The position "at the ready", techniques and other necessary movements are used the same as when shooting from these places on single skeet.

The gun is loaded with two cartridges, while a normally loaded cartridge is used for shooting at the "hijacking" saucer, and a special cartridge for shooting at the "oncoming" one.

The plates are released into the air after the shooter's command from two booths at once.

According to the rules, from the first and second places, the first to shoot is a "hijacking" saucer, released from a high booth, and the second - "oncoming" - from a low one. From the sixth and seventh places, on the contrary, the first to shoot a saucer released from a low booth, since it will already be "hijacked" in relation to the shooter, and the second - released from a high booth, which will be "oncoming". The order of this shooter can change at will, and warns the coach about it in advance.

When shooting at paired targets, the same techniques are used as when shooting from these places at single targets.

The first shot at the first target must be fired as quickly as possible, leaving more time for a well-aimed shot at the second target.

After the command "Give!" and the appearance of two targets in the air, the shooters concentrate all their attention first on the first target moving away from him, trying to hit it as early and close as possible, i.e. over the pole. Then he quickly turns his body in the direction of the flight of the second target, transfers the barrels of the gun to it, takes aim and, ahead of it with the barrels, immediately fires a shot, keeping the movement of the gun in the given direction. Shooting the second target is not difficult if you learn to hit the first target as quickly as possible.

This, in essence, is the art of double target shooting.

At the first moment, the shooter does not have enough time to complete all the necessary techniques and movements and aim correctly, which is why he is late and makes mistakes either on both plates at once, or on any one. But with persistent practice, you can learn to hit paired targets just as easily as you can hit single targets. As for the order in which to shoot paired plates: first - "hijacking", and then "oncoming" or vice versa - the shooter decides on his own, guided by his skills and the results of previous shooting.

In the final lessons, shooting is carried out in full series - 25 plates each - in accordance with the existing rules.

Simultaneously with the shooting at the stand, the coach instructs the students to practice all the techniques at home through daily home training with a gun.

To do this, on one wall of the room on the right at a height of 5.5 m (if conditions allow) several cardboard target circles with a diameter of 15-20 mm are hung, and below, at a height of 0.9 m, a circle with a diameter of 50-75 mm. On the left side of this wall, near the ceiling, several targets with a diameter of 15-20 mm are attached, and to the left, at a height of 3.5 m, a circle with a diameter of 50-75 mm. Large circles represent booths - high and low, from which plates fly out at the stand.

At the opposite wall of the room, on the floor, seven or less, if conditions do not allow, points, depicting the places from which the shooting takes place, are marked in an arc.

The trainee, standing on the extreme left, takes the gun and, having taken the "ready" position according to the one that he would have used on a round stand, concentrates and loudly gives the command: "Give it!" After that, he throws up the gun and, directing it to the point of departure of the target (a large cardboard circle), simultaneously turning his body along the course of the imaginary flight of the target to the right, advances the barrels of the gun in this direction. As soon as the latter are aligned with the target marked on the right side, he pulls the trigger, as if making a shot. All movements should be performed smoothly, quickly and consistently. This is repeated from all parking points on the floor.

Having worked out in this way the techniques of shooting at targets released from the high booth, the trainee proceeds to the techniques of shooting at targets from the low booth on the right, which are practiced in the same sequence.

Using the described training method, you can achieve a clear and timely implementation of techniques for shooting on a round stand.

Classes on mastering shooting on a round stand can serve as preparatory ones for the delivery of classification discharge norms.

Speaking about the need to follow the lead when firing, we deliberately did not indicate their size for each of the 25 plates, since this would not bring any benefit.

As an example, let us analyze the following case: What lead should be taken when shooting from third place on a plate released from a high booth?

It was said above that it is most profitable to shoot this plate either above the control pole, or 4-5m from it to the right, i.e. when she is from a high booth at 24m.

At such a distance, with an initial flight speed of 24 m per second (which corresponds to a flight range of 55 m) at this point, it will fly at a speed of 14-15 m per second. The distance from it to Strelka, which is in third place, is about 24m.

The average flight speed of the projectile of the fraction will be taken equal to 300m per second. Therefore, to fly a distance of 24m, the projectile will need 0.08sec. (24: 300 = 0.08sec.). During this period of time, the saucer from the point where the shooter's eye fixed it will fly away further by 1.2m (15 * 0.08 = 1.2m). If the shot was fired at the point at which the eye first saw the saucer, then the projectile of the shot would not be able to capture it, since its spread at this distance is a maximum of 0.8 m, and ended up behind the saucer. So you need to aim ahead of the plate with a lead of 1.2. However, the plate would not have been amazed in this case, and here's why.

The shot on the plate, after the shooter saw it, does not happen immediately. Part of the time is spent on understanding the target in the brain and the work of the neuromuscular apparatus, part on the work of the mechanisms of the gun and getting the shot itself after hitting the primer with a striking force.

It was found that from the moment the shooter saw the plate, 0.11 seconds pass until the moment the shot is fired. Consequently, the saucer during this time will fly away from the point where the eye first saw it, by 1.65 m (15 * 0.11 = 1.65). Adding to this the distance traveled by the saucer in the time it took for the projectile to reach it, 1.2 m, we get the distance that it will fly away from the moment the shooter's eye saw it: 1.65 + 1.2 = 2.85 m ... Thus, the initial lead size of 1.2m turns out to be insufficient, and the beginning shooter will miss. This can instill in him disbelief in his shooting ability and lead to premature disappointment.

A beginner hunter needs to remember that with persistent desire, willpower and practical exercises, he will be able to minimize the time spent on firing a shot. At the same time, he needs to be reminded that it is possible to successfully hit a moving target if you fire a shot ahead of time and always with a moving gun. All this will allow the student to develop the ability to find the necessary anticipations in each individual case in a practical way.

Shooting technique is, first of all, the ability to quickly determine where to direct the gun so that the shot, buckshot or bullet after the shot hit the target. The most important conditions, which are influenced by the shooting technique, and on which the successful hunting depends, are: the permissible shooting distance; correctly loaded cartridge; the goodness of the gun, its fight and compliance with the physical data of the shooter; good health, and sometimes even the mood (confidence) of the hunter.

The jumping technique is the most perfect. The hunter fires at the same time as the butt of the rifle touches the shoulder. This shooting technique is the fastest, but its accuracy is inferior to aiming shooting. Therefore, a young hunter should shoot at the head only in those cases when game appears in his field of vision for a few fractions of a second, for example, when hunting in dense thickets. The jumping technique requires a particularly good shotgun.

Especially often used for hunting shooting technique with fine-tuning. Having prepared in advance for a shot at an approaching target, the hunter takes the necessary lead on the path of the target's movement and does not stop guiding the gun (turns it). Only then does he shoot.

T The technique of shooting with a stationary gun is less perfect. In this case, the hunter, aiming the gun at the expected meeting point of the shot with the game, waits for the target to approach the selected point at the required distance, and then shoots.

When aiming at the game, you should not follow it with trunks for too long: it becomes dangerous for hunting comrades, and the animal or bird will have time to go a long distance.

The technique of shooting at moving targets is quite varied. For example, they point the gun exactly at a bird or an animal, and then jerk the front sight forward along the movement of the target and press the trigger. However, experience, shooting skills and the need for systematic training are essential.

The purpose of the hunt is to get, not injure, the game, therefore any shooting technique assumes that the shot should be fired only at the moment when the target is within the range of its confident reach with a shot projectile. There are no particularly long-range guns. Yes, they are not needed by the hunter, because the game is mainly affected at a distance of 20-30 m, or 30-40 steps. In addition, no shooting technique will help if the gun has an ultra-long range. It would be simply impossible to hunt with such a gun, since a shot from it at a normal distance tears small and medium game too much. In addition, such a gun would require precise, almost rifle-like, aiming.

All shooting technique from a smoothbore gun ultimately comes down to the following: in order for a bird or an animal to be beaten "cleanly", 4-5 pellets of the corresponding size (numbers) must fall into their carcass, and the speed of these pellets at the moment of meeting the target (sharpness of the battle) must their penetration deep enough into the body of the animal. To "cleanly" kill the game, the speed of pellets when they hit the target is about 230 m / s, to wound - 190-200 m / s, and at a shot speed of less than 150 m / s, the slaughter comes to naught.

Modern propellants give the shot a muzzle velocity of about 375 m / s. After exiting the barrel, meeting strong air resistance, the shot quickly loses its speed (Table 1). From table 1 it can be seen that for firing with shots of the most common numbers, the maximum distance of effective rifle fire will be 40 m, and for smaller shots - 20-30 m. Accuracy of the shot at a distance of more than 40 m does not guarantee hitting the target. At long distances, the accuracy and sharpness of the shot are already so small that for every accidentally killed bird or animal there will be many wounded and gone wounded animals.

Table 1. Flight speed of the shot (m / s)

Distance, m	Fraction number					Buckshot 6 mm
		7	5	3	1
0	375	375	375	375	375	375
5	337	334	348	352	354	358
10	293	306	315	321	326	338
15	259	275	288	297	304	322
20	231	251	266	277	285	308
25	209	230	246	258	268	296
30	187	210	230	245	256	283
35	170	194	213	228	240	272
40	154	178	199	228	228	264

In many ways, hunting shooting technique depends on the correct choice of the aiming point. Aiming points, even when shooting at stationary targets, can vary depending on the combat of the gun and on the habits of the shooter. For example, one hunter uses the shooting technique with an "invisible" bar (combines the front sight with the slot of the screw of the upper locking key), while the other uses the "open" bar (Fig. 1), in which the target is fully visible, but the aiming point should be located slightly lower goals. The technique of shooting with a visible bar is easier, since the ends of the barrels do not cover the targets.

with invisible bar		open bar		with increased combat		alignment of the center of the shot talus with the aiming point		with reduced combat

Fig. 1. Aiming

For rifles with different combat, the aiming points will also be different. With normal rifle combat, at a distance of 35 m, when the center of the scree of the shot projectile hits the aiming point, the front sight is aimed directly at the bird or animal. When the increased combat of the gun is most convenient for shooting, when the center of the debris of the shot is located 10-15 cm above the aiming point (most modern rifles have such a battle), it is necessary to aim the front sight at the target. And, finally, if the gun lowers, the target has to be covered with barrels or shoot somewhere above it (Fig. 1).

The technique of shooting at moving targets, especially in wooded areas, is complicated by the fact that the game is in the hunter's field of vision for an extremely limited time. Different fraction flies the distance from the gun to the target at different times (Table 2).

Table 2. Flight time of a shot at different distances when shooting with gunpowder "Falcon" (sec)

Distance, m	Fraction number					Buckshot 6 mm
		7	5	3	1
20	0,07	0,06	0,06	0,06	0,06	0,06
30	0,11	0,11	0,10	0,10	0,10	0,09
40	0,17	0,16	0,15	0,14	0,14	0,13

It will take about 0.25 seconds from the moment the hunter makes the decision to shoot (bearing in mind that the gun is previously placed on the shoulder) until the trigger is pressed (the so-called personal error). Thus, the shot will be at the point chosen by the hunter only after 0.3-0.4 seconds. If a shot is made, for example, directly at a duck flying past the hunter, then it will have time to move 7-8 m and go far beyond the limits of the killing circle. Shooting techniques for hunting show that in most cases, when a shot is missed, a shot projectile passes behind a moving target. To hit the target, the hunter must send a charge not directly to it, but to the point of the supposed intersection of the target's and shot projectile's lines of movement, that is, to take one or another lead. It will depend on the speed of the target (Table 3): the faster the target moves, the greater the lead should be.

Table 3. Speed ​​of movement of hunting birds and animals (m / sec)

Bird	Speed	The beast	Speed
Snipe	15-18	Hare	8-10
Duck	21-27	Fox	3-10
Grouse	19-21	Roe	3-10
Sandpiper	16-25	Wolf	3-10
goose	19-25	Boar	3-8
Wood grouse	16	Moose	4-8

The lead can be easily calculated using the following formula:

Y = Uts * t,

Where:
Y is the amount of lead;
Uts - target movement speed, m / sec;
t is the flight time of the fraction at the corresponding distance, in seconds.

The formula is used to calculate the lead when using the technique of shooting with a movable gun ("with a leash"). In this case, the lead time is influenced only by the flight time of the shot from the muzzle of the gun to the target and the speed of the target when the shot meets it at an angle of 60-90 °. With a decrease in the angle between the direction of flight of the shot and the direction of movement of the target, the amount of lead also decreases.
Table 4, compiled on the basis of the above formula, gives an idea of ​​how the shooting technique depends on the approximate value of the lead.

Table 4. The amount of lead (in m) when shooting at different distances

The target (animal) and the speed of its movement	Distance lead
	20 m	30 m	40 m
Fast running fox, roe deer, wolf, elk; slow running hare; 8 m / s	0,48	0,80	1,12
Flying snipe, wood grouse; 15 m / s	0,90	1,50	2,10
Sandpiper, hazel grouse, goose flying at medium speed; 20 m / s	1,20	2,00	3,00
Fast flying duck or goose; 25 m / s	1,50	2,50	3,75

When applied shooting technique in anticipation, it should be remembered that with a decrease in the angle of meeting of the fraction, in order to reduce the offset of the aiming point; with a crosswind, this point should be slightly moved to the side opposite to the direction of the wind.

It is recommended to hit the wolf in the side immediately behind the shoulder blade, in the neck or head; a shot in the forehead or chest of the animal should be avoided. The most vulnerable spots of a moose are between the eye and the ear (you can shoot a bullet only at close range), the neck and the area behind the shoulder blades. A wild boar should also be beaten in the side, immediately behind the shoulder blade. The aiming point removal when firing at medium-sized birds and animals is shown in Figures 2-5.

		Fig. 4. The classic aiming point for a hare moving away from the hunter
Rice. 2. Removal of the aiming point with a "royal" shot at a bird flying over the hunter	Rice. 3. Anticipation when shooting at a bird flying past the hunter	Fig. 5. Shot at a flying bird

The technique of shooting while aiming and firing is largely dependent on whether the hunter is standing correctly. The position of the hunter, which experienced shooters attach great importance to, should be free and allow easy turning of the body to the right and left without moving the legs. The convenient position of the shooter contributes to an accurate shot. When using the technique of shooting in different directions, the hunter should monitor the position of the feet (Fig. 6).

The second shot should be made as soon as possible after the first, otherwise the shooting technique deteriorates, so the movement of the gun after the first shot continues. When distance permits, you can safely target game in open areas. If she swoops in or runs into the hunter too quickly and unexpectedly, then it is better to let her pass and only then shoot.

The technique of firing a bullet from a shotgun is successful only at a short distance, otherwise the spread (deviation of bullets from the axis of the barrel and the line of sight) will be so great that it will not be easy to hit the beast. Therefore, hunting wild boar, elk and bear, the hunter must have great endurance and as close as possible to the animal, then the shot will be well-aimed, and the bullet will retain the necessary lethal force. Bullets have to be fired rarely and only at large and dangerous animals. Therefore, all bullets with a small defect - skew, potholes or fistulas, uneven wad-shanks, insufficiently spherical shape - should be discarded.

Compliance with these rules will allow the hunter to quickly master the shooting technique while hunting.

In order to achieve good results and to have real pleasure on every trip to nature, the hunter must be fluent in shooting techniques. If there are problems with it, a large number of wounded animals will remain in the forests and fields. The beginner does not always manage to hit the game, especially the moving one. But all the skills associated with accurate shooting can be developed to achieve excellent results.

Rack

To keep the chance of a miss to a minimum, it is important to develop the correct stance. In general, it looks like this:

• legs apart shoulder-width apart, feet turned slightly to the right of the direction of the shot;
• the body is half-turned along the firing line;
• the body is tilted slightly forward to reduce the force of recoil.

If the gun needs to be fired before firing, it is necessary to turn the body, and not work only with your hands. Of course, on a real hunt, especially a running one, you do not always have to shoot from the correct stance. When a split second decides the outcome of a case, there is no way to accept an ideal position. However, every novice hunter needs to take the time to develop the right stance. It should be borne in mind that you need to select it individually for yourself.

The general diagram provided is a guideline and should not be blindly copied. What the ideal stance should be for each hunter depends on the physical, psychological and other individual characteristics of the organism.

Other possible shooting positions are kneeling, kneeling, sitting, prone, or supine. Many hunters, when shooting prone, prefer to work only with their hands, when they lead the barrel before shooting, because this option seems easier to them. But the correct technique involves turning the body, which is almost always possible by simply lifting the shoulders off the ground - both in the prone position and lying on the back.

In this case, even if the target is stationary, you should not pull with a shot. The shotgun is difficult to keep stationary, so the barrel may wobble and the result will be a miss.

Grab a gun

Do not grip the forend and stock with your hands too much. If they are tense, the body is inevitably enslaved, and this prevents the trunks from being correctly guided in the right direction. In addition, overvoltage increases the likelihood of the rifle jerking before firing.

It is better to keep your hands relaxed, while the gun can simply be located in half-open palms. It is enough to fix the butt close to the shoulder with the entire area of ​​the butt pad, there is no need to press it strongly against you. With this technique, the leash and leash will be quite soft and even elegant.

The exception is situations when powerful cartridges are used. In such cases, there is a lot of kickback, and the result can be a severe blow to the shoulder and injury.

Shooting at a stationary target

The technique of shooting at a stationary target looks like this:

• it is necessary to throw the gun to the shoulder;
• bring the front sight to the point at which you need to hit;
• gently press the trigger with your finger.

The throwing technique must be worked out in such a way that after its completion there is a front sight in the field of view, and not an open bar or block without a front sight. In this case, if it is necessary to make a shot quickly, the gaze after throwing up the gun should be directed immediately to the target. And only in a situation where it is possible to aim for a long time, you can carefully control the front sight with your eyes.

The technique of shooting at motionless game is quite simple, and its mastering usually does not cause great difficulties. However, much more often the hunter has to hit the target that is moving.

Shooting moving game

The technique of pre-emptive shooting at moving game looks like this:

• you need to throw a gun;
• aim the front sight, taking a lead;
• while continuing to move the barrel, pull the trigger.

This is a classic shooting technique that has been used for centuries. The lead should be several bodies of a flying bird or a running animal. The exact amount depends on the distance, the speed of the object, the direction and strength of the wind. It is quite difficult for a beginner hunter to choose the amount of lead, but after gaining experience, this happens intuitively.

Another option for working on a moving object is overtaking shooting, or shooting with a leash. In this case, when raising the gun, the front sight is directed not at the lead point, but directly at the target or slightly behind it. After that, the barrel is moved, overtaking the target. The gun moves faster than the game, and this negates any speed advantage.

Overtaking shooting allows you to achieve better results, as it provides more accurate aiming. This technique proves to be very effective when targeting a flying target. Preemptive shooting was widely used in the past, when non-applied, heavy and low-maneuverable guns were used.

The hunter must be ready to fire immediately after the throw. Therefore, after its completion, the front sight must be in the field of view, while the gaze must be directed to the target. When lifting the rifle quickly, it must be fed forward so that it does not cling to the folds of clothing on the shoulder.

Shotguns with regular and increased combat

There are two types of shotguns - regular and increased. You need to know how to properly aim with both types of weapons. For rifles with normal combat, the direction of flight of the ammunition coincides with the aiming point. Therefore, the front sight must be placed in the center of the target before firing.

For a shotgun with increased combat, the aiming point is below the point of impact of the projectile. When firing from such a weapon, the front sight must be brought to the lower edge of the target. Shotguns with increased combat are more convenient, it is easier to aim with them, since the front sight is clearly visible before the shot.

Practicing shooting skills

The shotgun throwing technique needs to be honed at home. Such workouts can even be included in the morning gymnastics program. To achieve the best results, you must use exactly the weapon from which you beat the beast and the bird. Also, if possible, it is advisable to wear the clothes in which you hunt for training, at least - its thickness on the shoulder should correspond to the thickness of your hunting suit.

To practice the skill, you must first aim at the point where the vskidka should end. Then you need to lower the gun, take a free position and throw up the gun, trying to come to the point marked earlier. Then you can move the barrel, simulating a leash. The exercise must be repeated until the vskidka is obtained automatically, without errors and delays. The lifting speed of the shotgun can be varied while avoiding jerking.

You can hone your shooting skills at the stand. Ideally, you should practice under the guidance of experienced instructors. In this case, you can quickly master the stance, learn how to properly hold the gun, throw it up and aim at the target, while avoiding mistakes. By practicing on a round stand with targets flying in different directions, you can learn to confidently hit game birds.

Common mistakes

At the time of aiming and when firing a shot, beginners often make the same mistakes, which drastically reduce their chances of staying with prey. Sometimes experienced hunters make such annoying blunders.

• shooting without pre-emption: Novice hunters often aim directly at the game even if the target is moving. In this case, by the time the charge travels the required distance, the target has time to leave the affected area. When shooting at flying or running game, be sure to take a lead;
• pulling jerk: correct technique requires holding your breath before firing and then gently pulling the trigger. In this case, the chances of hitting the target will be maximized;
• long preparation: Moving game quickly goes beyond the effective shot. It is necessary to have time to throw up the gun, make a leash and shoot before this happens. To make this possible, you need to work out the technique, then all the necessary actions will take place in automatic mode;
• stopping the gun at the moment of firing: if the leash is carried out after raising the gun, the movement of the barrels must be continuous and continue, including when the trigger is pulled;
• doing leashes by hand: the movement of the gun after throwing up should be carried out by turning the body. Some beginners find it easier to leash with their hands, but this is wrong. It is possible to turn the body even when shooting from a sitting and lying position;
• indirect shooting: If a target suddenly comes into view, many novice hunters shoot without aiming. You should not do this - in this case, it is much better to just let the game go.
• flock shooting: if a flock of birds flies in the shot zone, you need to select one specific target and hit it. Aiming correctly assumes that you need to choose the bird that flies ahead of the rest.

By avoiding these mistakes, each hunter significantly increases his chances of staying with good prey.

To learn how to beat birds and animals without missing, it is important to master the theory. But only practice will give all the necessary skills and will allow you to learn how to shoot accurately from a hunting rifle with shot or bullets. You need to analyze your mistakes and constantly work on the level of technical skill. In this case, you can achieve excellent results.