In order to choose the right soccer ball for a child, you need to understand what size the ball is suitable for his age, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with this article. Understanding the parameters of a soccer ball will help you choose exactly the size that a young footballer needs.

A soccer ball has three parts: a tire, a lining, and a tube.

Today, soccer balls are made from synthetic materials, not leather, since synthetics do not absorb moisture and the ball does not become heavier, unlike previously produced leather balls. Natural leather is practically no longer used in the production of soccer balls, since synthetic materials are superior to leather in many respects.

Dokabol soccer ball in 2 sizes.

On the Internet, in many descriptions of the sizes of soccer balls, balls of 2 sizes are declared as advertising and not used for games and training. Remembering the first football training of his son, which he conducted at the age of 3, I recall with horror how I ran all over the city and, apart from ordinary balls of 4 and 5 sizes, I could not find anything. Performing the exercises "foot rolls of the ball" in training, he had to raise his foot above the ball almost to the knee height of the second leg.
The 2 Sizes Dokabol Exercise Ball is best for playing, training and improving ball handling for children under 6 years of age. The maximum circumference is 56 cm, and the weight does not exceed 283.5 g. The size 2 Docabol soccer ball does not differ from the size 5 Docabol balls with the quality of material and hand stitching.

You can buy a soccer ball of 2 sizes Dokabol 3 in 1 Station wagon or

Soccer ball 3 sizes docabol.

Docabol balls 3 sizes are intended for training children aged 6-8 years. The size and weight of the ball is ideal for playing and teaching the technical skills of football players of this age group of children. The weight of the ball does not exceed 340 g, and the circumference does not reach 61 cm. Made of synthetic materials, sewn by hand.

You can buy a soccer ball 3 sizes Dokabol 3 in 1 Station wagon or

Dokabol soccer ball in 4 sizes.

Dokabol training balls of 4 sizes are intended for training, games, teaching football technique for children aged 8-12 years. The weight of a ball of 4 sizes can fluctuate between 369-425 g, and the volume of a circle should not exceed 63.5 cm.

You can buy a soccer ball of 4 sizes Dokabol 3 in 1 Station wagon or

Dokabol size 5 soccer ball.

Size 5 Docabol balls are designed for young footballers aged 12 and over. Has a circumference of no more than 70 cm and no less than 68 cm, weight no more than 450 g.

You can buy a soccer ball 5 sizes Dokabol 3 in 1 Station wagon or

Proper care of the dokabol ball will allow you to use the ball for a longer time. Before pumping, it is necessary to drop a few drops of special oil into the nipple, in the absence of such, you can use saliva. Lubrication of the nipple is necessary to prevent damage to the inner surface of the valve and, as a result, loss of pressure by the ball.

If you have to use the ball in the cold, then it must be dry, otherwise, when freezing, water or other liquid that gets into the seams or cracks on the ball will expand them even more.

How to understand if the ball is inflated correctly? After pumping, it must be raised to the level of the head and released; if the ball is pumped correctly, then its rebound from the surface will be at the level of the belt.
It is necessary to inflate the ball before playing or training to excess pressure, after the game it is recommended to slightly lower the ball to maintain the elasticity of its shell and chamber. If after training the ball becomes dirty and wet, it must be wiped with a cloth and put in a dry place (not on a battery or near heat sources) to dry at room temperature.

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Football is one of the most loved sports. Boys begin to play it only when they learn to walk. With the ball, they grow up, study, train and become Olympians. For a good spectacular game, in addition to the professional qualities of the players, in football, its main attribute is also important - the ball.

A bit of history

The first game balls of the ancestor of football were made from animal organs, more often from the bladders. In addition to a not very presentable look, such products were of low quality. From strong blows to them, they quickly burst and deflated.

Everything changed in the middle of the nineteenth century, after the invention of a modified rubber - rubber. The first rubber ball was introduced to football teams almost one hundred and fifty years ago in 1855. Rubber changed not only the appearance of the favorite sports equipment, but also added strength to it, increasing additional elasticity and jumping ability. A little later, a rubber ball chamber and a pump for inflation were invented.

1872 can be considered the reference date for the standardization of the ball for football. It was decided that it has a size of 68.6 to 71.7 cm, and a weight of 370-425 g. Slightly increased the mass in 1937, to still used today, 400-450 grams. Serial production began in 1888 by the two companies Miter and Tomplinson. The base of the ball was made up of an inner chamber, with an eighteen-piece genuine leather cover on top. In the sixties of the last century, they began to make synthetic balls. Now they have completely replaced the skin.

The main parts of modern balls

Since the old days, the composition of the sporting goods has changed a little. The modern game ball consists of three parts:

tire,

• lining.

Tire

Unlike the old version made of leather, which gains additional weight from moisture when used, the new ones are made from synthetics. More often, for manufacturing, they take polyurethane or a similar polyvinyl chloride. Almost all of them are sewn from thirty-two water-repellent parts:

twelve pieces of pentagonal shape,

twenty pieces of hexagonal shape.

The options for joining parts may differ: manual stitching, machine or gluing.

After connecting all the parts together, a spherical figure is obtained, such as a ball, but different from it, due to the large number of polyhedrons that make up it. Sphericity is added by pumping air inward.

However, a thirty-two-piece sphere is not the only possible configuration. In the 2000s, balls of fourteen and even eight pieces were used at the largest world championships. There was also a new connection - thermal.

Camera

The camera is inside the sphere. Synthetic butyl, polyurethane, sometimes natural latex are used for production. What are their differences?

A latex chamber must be pumped up more often than synthetic ones, because the air in it is "blown away" more quickly. But it has advantages that far exceed this disadvantage. Compared to butyl or polyurethane, it is softer, more elastic, and more "bouncy".

Lining

Between the camera and the tire in modern models, as in https://www.ProBall.ru/catalog/futbolnye_myachi/, there is a gasket. And a lot depends on this new component. Bouncing or bouncing, maintaining a spherical shape - it all depends on the thickness and size of the padding. The pad is made of polyester or natural compressed cotton. A modern ball for professionals has at least four layers of cushioning.

Differences between balls in size

There are five different ball sizes used in the football world. They differ not only in size, but also in purpose.

Sphere up to 56 cm - for teaching the game to kids of four years of age, or for advertising.

Sphere up to 61 cm - for training older children six to eight years old.

The sphere is within 62-64 cm. It is used for futsal matches and training of teenagers up to twelve years old. Dry weight ranges from 400-440 grams.

The main type of ball for training and matches is size 5. Circumference 68-70 cm, weight no more than 450 grams.

The main colors used on modern football fields are spotted, black and white. Sometimes bright colors are used, for example, orange. This is necessary for their best visibility.

The quality and appearance of the ball determines the mood before training or an important match. Therefore, it is better to choose it according to its characteristics. There is such an opportunity on the website.

The ball was made from the bladders of animals, which quickly deteriorated if they were hit hard enough. Ball production technology changed dramatically with the discovery of vulcanized rubber by Charles Goodyear in 1838. In 1855, Goodyear introduced the first ball made of rubber. The use of rubber made it possible to increase the quality of the ball's rebound and its strength.

Quality and parameters

• has a spherical shape;
• made of leather or other material suitable for these purposes;
• has a circumference not exceeding 70 cm (28 inches) and not less than 68 cm (27 inches). Standard ball size 5 (eng. Size 5);
• at the start of the match weighs no more than 450 (16 ounces) and no less than 410 g (14 ounces). The mass is indicated for a dry ball;
• has a pressure of 0.6-1.1 atmospheres (600-1100 g / cm2) at sea level (8.5 psi to 15.6 psi).

Dimensions (edit)

• Size 1

advertisements and are produced with displayed logos or advertisements. Usually they are made of synthetic materials, they consist of 32 panels (12 pentagons and 20 - hexagons), and their circumference does not exceed 43 cm. According to their structure, balls of the first size do not differ from standard balls, only they are inferior in size.

• Size 2

Balls of this size are used mainly for advertising purposes and for teaching children under the age of four. The ball is made of synthetic materials, plastic or material (polyvinyl chloride). The maximum circumference is 56 cm and the mass does not exceed 283.5 g. Balls of this size are ideal for training and improving ball handling. The ball can consist of 32 or 26 panels. Sometimes it depicts logos, signs and various advertising inscriptions.

• Size 3

Balls of this size are intended for training children under 8 years of age. The ball weighs less than 340 g and the circumference does not exceed 61 cm. Usually balls of this size consist of 32 sewn or glued panels made of synthetic materials or PVC. Sometimes balls of this size are sewn from 18 or 26 panels.

• Size 4

Balls of this size are standard for futsal and are also suitable for training children under 12 years of age. In accordance with FIFA rules, a ball of this size can be made of leather or other suitable materials, the mass of the ball can vary between 369-425 g, and the circumference must be between 63.5-66 cm.

• Size 5

Balls of this size are used in all official competitions held under the auspices of FIFA around the world. This size is the most widely used ball in football. Size 5 soccer balls are produced more than all other size 1 to 4 soccer balls combined. The ball has a circumference of 68-70 cm and weighs no more than 450 g.

Replacing a damaged ball

• If the ball bursts or gets damaged during the game, the game is stopped. It is resumed with a spare ball from a dropped ball in the place where it became unusable.

• If the ball bursts or is damaged while it was not in play - kick-off, goal kick, corner kick, free kick, free kick, kick from the penalty spot or throw-in, then after the ball has been replaced, play will be resumed accordingly.

The ball may only be changed during play at the direction of the referee.

Colors

The old balls were monochrome, brown, then white. Subsequently, for the convenience of broadcasts on black and white TVs, the ball was made spotty - with black pentagons and white hexagons. This color has become the standard for balls and symbolism in general. There are other balls, such as Nike's Total 90 Aerow, which have rings to make it easier for the goalkeeper to determine the ball's rotation. In matches held on a snow-covered field or during a snowfall, balls of bright colors, mainly orange, are used.

By FIFA's decision, any emblems or advertisements on balls are prohibited at official games, except for the following:

• competition or competition organizer;
• the company - the manufacturer of the ball;
• ball admission signs.

Ball quality control

In accordance with the FIFA quality control system, all balls used in matches played under the auspices of this football organization must first receive the FIFA APPROVED or FIFA INSPECTED badge. To receive the FIFA INSPECTED mark, balls must pass a series of tests that include weight control, moisture absorption, rebound, roundness, circumference and pressure loss. In order to receive the FIFA APPROVED mark, the ball must pass, in addition to the above tests, also additional tests to maintain size and shape. At the same time, manufacturers of soccer balls must pay a small amount to FIFA for permission to put such signs on soccer balls.

Ball production

80% of balls are produced in Pakistan and 75% of them (60% of the total production in the world) in the city of Sialkot. Previously, child labor was often used in production, but after Euro 2004, publications appeared in the press on this score and international organizations for the protection of children, in particular UNICEF, took over the plant. For the World Cup in Germany, the balls were produced in Thailand. For the first time since 1970, Adidas produced balls outside the Sialkot plant. However, all 60 million balls will be produced there for sale.

see also

• Soccer ball monument

Notes (edit)

Links

• Football ball: design, types, differences, tips for choosing (rus.)
• All About Soccer Balls

The Football Association of England was founded, which was the first to unify football rules, but at that time nothing was mentioned about the soccer ball. In 1872, the standard size and weight of the ball was officially established. Previously, the size and weight of the soccer ball was determined by mutual agreement of the parties concerned. In accordance with the new rules, a soccer ball must have a spherical shape with a volume (circumference) of 68.6 to 71.7 cm. The mass of the ball could vary from 368 to 425 grams. In 1937, the mass of the ball was increased to 410-450 grams, and since then this rule will remain unchanged to this day. The Football League of England was founded in 1888. Thanks to her orders, for the first time, the serial production of soccer balls by the Miter and Thomlinson companies began. At the beginning of the 20th century, their quality improved significantly, thanks to the durable rubber, the chamber could withstand great pressure. The ball consisted of an inner tube and a tire. The tire was made of genuine leather and consisted of 18 panels sewn together. The nipple was hidden under the lacing. In the early 's, a fully synthetic soccer ball was made. Genuine leather was still used in manufacturing, but in the late 's synthetic materials completely replaced it.

Design

A soccer ball is made up of three main components: tires, pads and tubes.

Tire

Initially, the tire was made of genuine leather. Nowadays, synthetics are mainly used, since the leather absorbs water and the ball gains weight. As a rule, the material used is PU (polyurethane) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Most modern balls have 32 waterproof panels, 12 of which are pentagonal and 20 are hexagonal. Soccer ball panels are sewn with threads by hand, machine, or glued.

There are also lightweight soccer balls (for women and children), the circumference and weight of which may differ from the officially accepted ones.

Replacing a damaged ball

• If the ball bursts or gets damaged during the game, the game is stopped. It is resumed with a spare ball from a dropped ball in the place where it became unusable.
• If the ball bursts or is damaged while it was not in play - kick-off, goal kick, corner kick, free kick, free kick, kick from the penalty spot or throw-in, then after the ball has been replaced, play will be resumed accordingly.

The ball may only be changed during play at the direction of the referee.

Colors

The old balls were monochrome, brown, then white. Subsequently, for the convenience of broadcasts on black and white TVs, the ball was made spotty - with black pentagons and white hexagons. This color has become the standard for balls and symbolism in general. There are other balls, such as Nike's Total 90 Aerow, which have rings to make it easier for the goalkeeper to determine the ball's rotation. In matches taking place on a snow-covered field or during a snowfall, balls of bright colors, mainly orange, are used.

By FIFA's decision, any emblems or advertisements on balls are prohibited at official games, except for the following:

• competition or competition organizer;
• the company - the manufacturer of the ball;
• ball admission signs.

Ball quality control

In accordance with the FIFA quality control system, all balls used in matches played under the auspices of this football organization must first receive the FIFA APPROVED or FIFA INSPECTED badge. To receive the FIFA INSPECTED mark, balls must pass a series of tests that include weight control, moisture absorption, rebound, roundness, circumference and pressure loss. In order to receive the FIFA APPROVED mark, the ball must pass, in addition to the above tests, also additional tests to maintain size and shape. At the same time, manufacturers of soccer balls must pay a small amount to FIFA for permission to put such signs on soccer balls.

Ball production

For the World Cup in Germany, the balls were produced in Thailand. For the first time since 1970, adidas produced balls outside of the Sialkot plant. However, all 60 million balls will be produced there for sale.

The atomic lattice of the simplest fullerene C 60 resembles a soccer ball. The carbon atoms in this fullerene occupy positions analogous to the positions of the vertices in the ball's tire.

see also

Write a review on the article "Soccer Ball"

Notes (edit)

Links

• (English)
• (English)
• (English)
• , refereeclub.ru

Terms International Council football associations (IFAB)

An excerpt characterizing a soccer ball

- Your Excellency? BUT? Prince? - Timokhin said running up in a trembling voice, peering into the stretcher.
Prince Andrew opened his eyes and looked from behind the stretcher, into which his head had sunk deeply, at the one who spoke, and again dropped his eyelids.
The militiamen brought Prince Andrey to the forest, where the trucks were stationed and where there was a dressing station. The dressing station consisted of three outstretched tents with rolled-up floors on the edge of a birch grove. There were trucks and horses in the birch grove. The horses in the ridges ate oats, and the sparrows flew to them and picked up the spilled grains. The crows, smelling the blood, croaking impatiently, flew over the birches. Around the tents, more than two tithes of space, lay, sat, stood bloody people in various clothes. Around the wounded, with gloomy and attentive faces, there were crowds of soldiers, porters, who were in vain driven away from this place by the officers in charge of the order. Not listening to the officers, the soldiers stood, leaning on a stretcher, and intently, as if trying to understand the difficult meaning of the spectacle, looked at what was happening in front of them. From the tents one could hear loud, angry screams, then plaintive groans. Occasionally, paramedics ran out of there to fetch water and pointed out those that had to be brought in. The wounded, waiting for their turn at the tent, wheezed, moaned, cried, shouted, swore, asked for vodka. Some were delusional. Prince Andrey, as a regimental commander, walking through the unbound wounded, was carried closer to one of the tents and stopped, awaiting orders. Prince Andrew opened his eyes and for a long time could not understand what was happening around him. The meadow, wormwood, arable land, the black spinning ball and his passionate outburst of love for life were recalled to him. Two steps away from him, speaking loudly and drawing general attention to himself, stood, leaning on a branch and with his head tied, a tall, handsome, black-haired non-commissioned officer. He was wounded in the head and leg by bullets. Around him, eagerly listening to his speech, a crowd of wounded and porters gathered.
- We otteda as we blasted, so we abandoned everything, the king himself was taken away! - shining black hot eyes and looking around him, shouted the soldier. - Come just that very time Leserva, his b, you my brother, the title is not left, therefore I tell you correctly ...
Prince Andrew, like everyone around the narrator, gazed at him with a brilliant gaze and felt a comforting feeling. But isn't it all the same now, he thought. - And what will be there and what was it here? Why was I so sorry to part with my life? There was something in this life that I did not understand and do not understand. "

One of the doctors, in a bloody apron and with bloody small hands, in one of which he held a cigar between his little finger and thumb (so as not to get it dirty), left the tent. This doctor raised his head and began to look around, but higher than the wounded. He obviously wanted to rest a little. Moving his head to the right and to the left for a while, he sighed and lowered his eyes.
“Well, now,” he said to the words of the paramedic, who pointed out to him Prince Andrey, and ordered him to be carried to the tent.
A murmur arose in the crowd of awaiting wounded.
- It can be seen, and in the next world to live alone, - said one.
Prince Andrew was brought in and put on a table that had just been cleaned up, from which a paramedic was rinsing something. Prince Andrew could not make out separately what was in the tent. Complaining moans from all sides, excruciating pain in the hip, abdomen and back entertained him. Everything that he saw around him merged for him into one general impression of a naked, bloody human body, which seemed to fill the entire low tent, as a few weeks ago, on this hot, August day, the same body filled a dirty pond along the Smolensk road ... Yes, it was that very body, that very chair a canon [meat for cannons], the sight of which even then, as if predicting the present, aroused horror in him.
There were three tables in the tent. Two were occupied, on the third they put Prince Andrew. For some time he was left alone, and he involuntarily saw what was being done on the other two tables. On the near table sat a Tatar, probably a Cossack, in a uniform thrown beside him. Four soldiers were holding him. A doctor with glasses was cutting something in his brown, muscular back.
- Uh, uh, uh! .. - as if the Tatar was grunting, and suddenly, raising up his high-cheekbones, black snub-nosed face, bared white teeth, he began to torn, twitch and squeal with a piercing ringing, drawn-out screech. On another table, around which a lot of people crowded, on his back lay a large, plump man with his head thrown back (curly hair, their color and the shape of the head seemed strangely familiar to Prince Andrey). Several paramedics piled on the man's chest and held him. The white large, plump leg jerked rapidly and often, without ceasing, with feverish tremors. This man was sobbing convulsively and choking. Two doctors in silence - one was pale and trembling - were doing something over the other, the red leg of this man. Having dealt with the Tatar, over whom they had thrown an overcoat, the doctor with glasses, wiping his hands, went up to Prince Andrey. He looked into the face of Prince Andrey and hastily turned away.
- Undress! What are you standing? He shouted angrily at the paramedics.
The very first distant childhood was remembered by Prince Andrei, when a paramedic with hurried rolled up hands unbuttoned his buttons and took off his dress. The doctor bent low over the wound, felt it and sighed heavily. Then he signaled to someone. And the excruciating pain inside the abdomen made Prince Andrew lose consciousness. When he woke up, the broken bones of his thigh were taken out, the pieces of meat were cut off, and the wound was bandaged. They sprinkled water on his face. As soon as Prince Andrey opened his eyes, the doctor bent over him, silently kissed him on the lips and hurried away.
After the suffering he had endured, Prince Andrew felt a bliss that he had not experienced for a long time. All the best, happiest moments in his life, especially the most distant childhood, when he was undressed and put in a crib, when the nanny, lulling him, sang over him, when, burying his head in the pillows, he felt happy with only the consciousness of life, - he imagined himself imagination not even as the past, but as reality.
Doctors fussed about the wounded man, the outlines of his head seemed familiar to Prince Andrey; he was raised and calmed.
- Show me ... Oooh! O! oooh! - heard his groan, interrupted by sobs, frightened and resigned to suffering. Hearing these groans, Prince Andrew wanted to cry. Whether because he was dying without glory, whether because he was sorry to part with his life, whether from these irreversible childhood memories, whether because he suffered, that others suffered and this man moaned so pitifully in front of him, but he wanted to cry childish, kind, almost joyful tears.
The wounded man was shown a severed leg in a boot with caked blood.
- O! Ooooh! He sobbed like a woman. The doctor, who was standing in front of the wounded man, blocking his face, walked away.
- Oh my God! What's this? Why is he here? - said Prince Andrew to himself.
In the unhappy, sobbing, exhausted man, whose leg had just been taken away, he recognized Anatol Kuragin. Anatole was held in his arms and offered him water in a glass, the edges of which he could not catch with trembling, swollen lips. Anatole was sobbing heavily. “Yes, this is it; yes, this man is somehow close and heavily connected with me, thought Prince Andrey, not yet clearly understanding what was in front of him. - What is the connection of this person with my childhood, with my life? He asked himself, finding no answer. And suddenly a new, unexpected memory from the childish world, pure and loving, presented itself to Prince Andrey. He remembered Natasha as he had seen her for the first time at the ball in 1810, with a thin neck and thin hands with a face ready for delight, a frightened, happy face, and love and tenderness for her, even more lively and stronger than ever, woke up in to his soul. He now remembered the connection that existed between him and this man, through the tears filling his swollen eyes, who looked dimly at him. Prince Andrew remembered everything, and ecstatic pity and love for this man filled his happy heart.
Prince Andrew could no longer restrain himself and wept tender, loving tears over people, over himself and over their and his own delusions.
“Compassion, love for brothers, for those who love, love for those who hate us, love for enemies - yes, that love that God preached on earth, which Princess Marya taught me and which I did not understand; this is why I felt sorry for life, this is what still remained for me if I were alive. But it's too late now. I know it!"

The terrible view of the battlefield, covered with corpses and wounded, combined with the weight of the head and with the news of the killed and wounded twenty familiar generals and with the consciousness of the powerlessness of his formerly strong hand, made an unexpected impression on Napoleon, who usually liked to look at the killed and wounded, thus testing his mental strength (as he thought). On this day, the terrible sight of the battlefield defeated the spiritual strength in which he believed his merit and greatness. He hastily left the battlefield and returned to the Shevardinsky mound. Yellow, swollen, heavy, with dull eyes, a red nose and a hoarse voice, he sat in a folding chair, involuntarily listening to the sounds of gunfire and not looking up. He waited with painful longing for the end of the work, which he considered himself to be the cause, but which he could not stop. For a short moment, personal human feeling prevailed over the artificial ghost of life that he had served for so long. He endured the suffering and death that he saw on the battlefield. The heaviness of his head and chest reminded him of the possibility of suffering and death for himself. At that moment he wanted neither Moscow, nor victory, nor glory for himself. (What other glory did he need?) The one thing he wanted now was rest, tranquility and freedom. But when he was at the Semyonovskaya height, the chief of artillery suggested that he put several batteries at these heights in order to increase the fire on the Russian troops crowded in front of Knyazkov. Napoleon agreed and ordered to bring him the news of what action these batteries would produce.
The adjutant came to say that, by order of the emperor, two hundred guns were aimed at the Russians, but that the Russians were still standing.
“Our fire tears them out in rows, and they stand,” said the adjutant.
- Ils en veulent encore! .. [They still want to! ..] - Napoleon said in a hoarse voice.
- Sire? [Sovereign?] - repeated the adjutant who did not listen.
- Ils en veulent encore, - frowning, Napoleon croaked in a hoarse voice, - donnez leur en. [I would also like to, well, ask them.]
And without his order, what he wanted was done, and he ordered only because he thought that orders were expected from him. And he again was transported into his former artificial world of ghosts of some kind of greatness, and again (like that horse walking on a sloping drive wheel imagines that it is doing something for itself) he obediently began to perform that cruel, sad and heavy, inhuman the role that was intended for him.
And not for this hour and day alone were the mind and conscience of this man darkened, heavier than all the other participants in this case, who bore the whole burden of what was happening; but never, until the end of his life, he could understand neither goodness, nor beauty, nor truth, nor the meaning of his actions, which were too opposed to goodness and truth, too far from everything human, so that he could understand their meaning. He could not renounce his actions, praised by half of the world, and therefore had to renounce truth and goodness and everything human.